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題名:運動希望感對大專網球選手賽前狀態焦慮與自我設限之預測: 橫斷式與縱貫式研究
作者:陳建瑋
作者(外文):Chien-Wei Chen
校院名稱:國立體育大學
系所名稱:教練研究所
指導教授:季力康
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2011
主題關鍵詞:路徑動力因應能力預期目標達成預期表現pathwayagencyexpectancies of ability to copeexpectancies of goal attainmentperformance
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(10) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
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  • 點閱點閱:64
本研究以希望理論為架構,包含三個子研究,研究一之目的為發展以及驗證運動希望量表之因素結構及信效度,研究二之目的為以橫斷式的方式探討男女生在情緒,路徑思考與動力思考透過控制感影響自我設限,賽前狀態焦慮強度與方向性之因果模式。研究三之目的為在大專運動會前針對大專乙組網球隊設計一套五週的運動希望感介入課程,考驗介入的效果與介入後運動希望感對於賽前情緒、控制感、賽前狀態焦慮(強度與方向性),自我設限及表現(自評表現與教練評估)之可能影響。研究一探索性因素分析之受試者包含不同專項運動之大學生542名 (男生有366人,女生則是176人),平均年齡為20.30歲(SD = 1.73),平均專項運動的訓練時間為7.00年(SD = 3.22),而驗證性因素分析則以研究二之受試者進行驗證;研究二之受試者包括全台各地之大專網球選手309人(男生 183 人,女生則是 126 人),平均年齡為 21.82 歲(SD = 2.69),平均專項運動的訓練時間為 5.8 年(SD = 3.71)。選手在賽前一個小時必須填寫一系列之問卷測量其賽前情緒、運動希望感(路徑與動力)、控制感(因應能力預期與目標達成預期)、賽前狀態焦慮(強度以及方向性)以及自我設限。研究三的受試者為大專網球乙組球員,總計實驗組 35 人,對照組 23 人,男生30人,女生28人,平均年齡22.17歲(SD = 2.70),平均的訓練年數為4.58年(SD = 2.97),實驗組在大專運動會前五週進行希望感之介入課程,在課程前後進行希望感前後測,在大專運動會比賽前一小時填寫一系列之問卷測量其賽前情緒,運動希望感,控制感,賽前狀態焦慮,以及自我設限,賽後則填寫自評表現量表,教練則是在賽後填寫他評表現量表。結果發現一:研究一之運動希望感量表以探索式以及驗證性因素分析後,為信效度指標良好之研究工具。二:研究二未發現性別差異,男女生修正之因果模式有可接受的適配值,正向情緒為希望感之前置變項,透過控制感之中介去影響賽前狀態焦慮。三:研究三之介入計畫可以有效提升實驗組選手之運動希望感,實驗組在面對重大的比賽時,比控制組有較低的負面情緒,較高的希望感與較好的自評表現。最後本研究再根據結果與理論架構進行討論,並且在實際應用與未來研究方向上提出一些建議。
Based on the hope theory, the current research contains 3 studies. The purpose of study 1 was to develop and validate the sport hope scale by testing its factor structure, reliability as well as validity. The purpose of study 2 was to examine self-handicapping and precompetitive state anxiety predicted by emotion, pathway thoughts and agency thoughts via sense of control by using a cross-sectional design. The purpose of study 3 was to design a five-week intervention for level II tennis teams before the National Intercollegiate Athletic Games and later to test the effect of intervention and prospective effects of hope on precompetitive emotions, sense of control, precompetitive state anxiety (intensity and direction), self-handicapping and performance (evaluated by players and coaches) after the intervention. In study 1, participants conducted in exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were 542 college students (366 males, 176 females) with different sport type with average age 20.30 years (SD = 1.73), average training time 7.00 years (SD = 3.22). In study 2 (participants in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)), a sample of 309 collegiate tennis players (183 males, 126 females) recruited from different colleges with average age 21.82 years (SD = 2.69),average training time 5.8 years (SD = 3.71), completed a battery of questionnaires to measure their precompetitive emotions, sport hope (pathway and agency), sense of control (expectancies of ability to cope and goal attainment), precompetitive state anxiety (intensity and direction), and self-handicapping. In study 3, participants were 58 level II collegiate tennis players (30 males, 28 females), including 35 players in experimental group and 23 players in control group with average age 22.17 years (SD = 2.70), and average training time 4.58 years (SD = 2.97). Experimental group was conducted with the five-week hope intervention before the National Intercollegiate Athletic Games by measuring the participants’ hope before and after the intervention. The participants of study 3 completed a battery of questionnaires to measure their precompetitive emotions, sport hope, sense of control, precompetitive state anxiety, and self-handicapping before their game, and to evaluate their performance after the game. Coaches were required to evaluate the performances of their players. The findings were as follows: (1) The sport hope scale demonstrated good reliability and validity through EFA and CFA. (2) Gender difference was not found in study 2. Modified causal model among males and females demonstrated acceptable fit index. Hope was predicted by positive emotion, and predicted precompetitive state anxiety through sense of control as a mediator. (3)The five-week intervention could enhance the hope of players in the experimental group, showing lower negative emotion, more hope, and better performance evaluated by players. To sum up, discussions were presented according to the results following the theoretical framework. Practical implications and directions for future research were also recommended.
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