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題名：貧窮門檻對貧窮率與貧窮人口組成之影響
書刊名：臺灣社會福利學刊
作者：林美伶／王德睦 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lin, Meling／Wang, Temu
出版日期：2000
卷期：1
頁次：頁93-124
主題關鍵詞：貧窮門檻；最低生活費用標準；均等比；Poverty threshold；Minimal living standard；Equivalence scale
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(25) 博士論文(5) 專書(0) 專書論文(3)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:25
  • 共同引用共同引用:37
  • 點閱點閱:261
貧窮門檻為決定貧窮人口之第一要件，影響貧窮率為貧窮人口組成甚鉅。本文依據行政院主計處家庭收支調查1995-1997年的訪問調查戶資料設定較適當的貧窮門檻，並分析不同的貧窮門檻對於貧窮率與貧窮人口組成的影響。分析結果發現臺灣的官訂貧窮門檻（最低生活費用標準）確實低估了低收入戶貧窮率，不過低估的幅度有限，就貧戶率來看僅約0.33至0.93個百分點，而貧民率更少，僅約0.04至0.55個百分點。不過，雖然官訂貧窮門檻的不適當對全部人口的貧窮率效果有限，然而對某些類型的家戶卻有顯著影響，如小戶量家戶與老人家戶。採用適當的貧窮門檻後，這些類型家戶的貧窮率明顯上升，甚至高到足以改變貧窮人口組成。透過分解貧窮門檻水準、均等比與地區需求差異指標的影響後發現，均等比為促成貧窮人口組成改變的關鍵。因此，臺灣實應重新建構一考量均等比的貧窮門檻，以確實納入需要政府幫助的貧窮人口。
Poverty threshold is the single most important factor in determining the poverty population. It also affects the poverty rate and the composition of the poverty population. The present study uses household income survey data for the 1995-1997 period complied by the Bureau of Accounting, Executive Yuan in an attempt to establish a more appropriate level of poverty threshold. We analyze the effects of using different levels of the poverty threshold on poverty rates and on poverty population compositions. We found that the official poverty threshold did indeed underestimate the poverty rates but the range of underestimation was relatively small. The range of underestimation for the poverty households was from .33% to .93% and for poverty rate the range was even smaller from a low of .004% to .55%. Even though the official poverty threshold is inappropriately low and its effects on the poverty rate of the entire population is limited, it did have significant effects on other segments of the population. These were particularly true for the smaller size households and for the households with only elderly members. Once a more appropriate poverty threshold was used the poverty rate among these households increase significantly to the point that the results could change the poverty population composition. In our further analyses using poverty thresholds, equivalence-scale, and regional demand differential index, we found that equivalence-scale was a key factor in changing poverty population composition. It is our conclusion that in Taiwan, there is a real need to construct an “equivalence-scaled poverty threshold” so that those poor who need governmental assistance do indeed included in the poverty population.
期刊論文
1.Sen, Amartya K.(1983)。Poor, Relatively Speaking。Oxford Economic Papers，35(1)，153-169。  new window
2.Nicholson, J. Leonard(1976)。Appraisal of Different Methods of Estimating Equivalence Scales and Their Results。The Review of Income and Wealth，22，1-11。  new window
3.Roback, Jennifer(1982)。Wages, Rents, and the Quality of Life。Journal of Political Economy，90(6)，1257-1278。  new window
4.Danziger, S.、van der Gaag, J.、Taussig, M. K.、Smolensky, E.(1984)。The Direct Measurement of Welfare Levels: How Much Does It Cost to Make Ends Meet?。The Review of Economics and Statistics，66(3)，500-505。  new window
5.Buhmann, Brigitte、Rainwater, Lee、Schmaus, Guenther、Smeeding, Timothy M.(1988)。Equivalence Scales, Well-Being, Inequality, And Poverty: Sensitivity Estimates Across Ten Countries Using The Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) Database。Review of Income & Wealth，34(2)，115-142。  new window
學位論文
1.呂朝賢(1998)。臺灣的貧窮問題(博士論文)。國立中正大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.林美伶(1999)。我國貧窮門檻之建構、調整與影響(碩士論文)。國立中正大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Alcock, Peter(1993)。Understanding Poverty。London。  new window
2.Ruggles, Patricia(1990)。Drawing the Line: Alternative Poverty Measures and Their Implications for Public Policy。Washington, DC：The Urban Institute Press。  new window
3.Atkinson, A. B.(1995)。Incomes and the Welfare State: Essays on Britain and Europe。Cambridge University Press。  new window
其他
1.內政部主計處(1999)。中華民國台閩地區內政統計月報－民國88年2月。  延伸查詢new window
2.王正、葉秀珍(1995)。全民健保保險費減免及中低收入戶補助相關問題之研究。  延伸查詢new window
3.王金利(1986)。人口屬性的引入與恩格爾函數的擴張。  延伸查詢new window
4.王金利(1989)。等成年男子折算標準之比較檢討。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.行政院主計處(1998)。中華民國台灣地區八十六年家庭收支調查報告。  延伸查詢new window
6.廖靜芝(1992)。社會救助工作的想法與作法。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Betson, David(1990)。Alternative Estimates of the Cost of Children from the 1980-1986 Consumer Expenditure Survey。  new window
8.Betson, David(1996)。’Is Everything Relative?’ The Role of Equivalence Scales in Poverty Measurement。  new window
9.G. Bloomquist, M. Berger and J. Hoehn(1988)。New Estimates of Quality of Life in Urban Areas。  new window
10.Chambers, Donald E(1982)。The U.S. Poverty Line: a Time to Change。  new window
11.Citro, F. Constance and Robert T. Michael (eds.)(1995)。Measuring Poverty: A New Approach。  new window
12.Coulter, A. E. Fiona, A.Frank, Cowell and P. Stephen, Jenkins(1992)。Differences in Needs and Assessment of Income Distributions。  new window
13.A. S. Deaton and J. Muellbauer(1986)。On Measuring Child Costs: With Applications to Poor Countries。  new window
14.Hagenaars, Aldi, and Klaas De Vos(1988)。The Definition and Measurement of Poverty。  new window
15.S. Lansley(1980)。Changes in Inequality and Poverty in the U. K., 1971-1976。  new window
16.Lazear, P. Edward and Robert T. Michael(1980)。Family Size and the Distribution of Real Per Capita Income。  new window
17.Lazear, Edward P., and Robert T. Michael(1988)。Allocation of Income Within the Household。  new window
18.Mayer, Susan E., and Christopher Jencks(1989)。Poverty and the Distribution of Material Hardship。  new window
19.Muellbauer, John(1974)。Household Composition, Engel Curves and Welfare Comparisons Between Households。  new window
20.Muellbauer, John(1977)。Testing the Model of Household Composition Effects and the Cost of Children。  new window
21.Muellbauer, John(1980)。The Estimation of the Prais-Honthakker Model of Equivalence Scales。  new window
22.Orshansky, Mollie(1965)。Counting the Poor: Another Look at the Poverty Profile。  new window
23.R. A. Pollak and T. J. Wales(1979)。Welfare Comparisons and Equivalence Scales。  new window
24.Rainwater, Lee(1974)。What Money Buys: Inequality and the Social Meaning of Income。  new window
25.Renwick, J. Trudi and Barbara R. Bergmann(1993)。A Budget-Based Definition of Poverty with an Application to Single-Parent Families。  new window
26.Sen, Amartya(1985)。A Sociology Approach to the Measurement of Poverty: A Reply to Professor Peter Townsend。  new window
27.T. Thibodeau(1989)。Housing Price Indexes from the 1974-1983 SIMSA Annual Housing Surveys。  new window
28.Townsend, Peter(1985)。A Sociological Approach to the Measurement of Poverty—A Rejoinder to Professor Amartya Sen。  new window
29.Van der Gaag, Jacquesm, and Eugene Smolensky(1982)。True Household Equivalence Scales and Characteristics of the Poor in the United States。  new window
30.Weinberg, Daniel H(1995)。Measuring Poverty: Issues and Approaches。  new window
 
 
 
 
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