Poverty measurements are ways to assess the relative economic well-being of different household types, subpopulations and geographic regions of a society. The main objective of this study is to seek ways to correct potential biases against the welfare benefit of the disadvantaged groups. In addition, it is very crucial to assess the effectiveness of the public policies and the relevant institutions. In the meantime, it is also necessary to investigate whether the objectives of public policies have been achieved. The poverty measurements formulated in this study will enable us to assess the effectiveness of public policies and institutions and help us determine whether the basic economic needs are met of various households, subpopulations and regions. In the past twenty years, official poverty rates were all below one percentage point. A substantial body of poverty research considered the poverty thresholds too stringent. The present paper is an attempt to use various estimates to simulate more appropriate poverty thresholds and to explore their effects on the composition of poverty population. In this study, the results of various simulated poverty thresholds show that individual level of poverty rates falls somewhere between 3.37% and 4.86%; while household level of poverty rates lies around 4.39% and 5.76%. Further analyses indicate that female-headed households, of which householders are divorced/windowed or sixty years older; and that households headed by persons less than twenty years or over sixty years or single person, are more likely to fall below poverty thresholds under all measures.