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題名:SARS風暴的危機溝通與現階段宣導策略檢視:以臺灣政府為例
書刊名:遠景基金會季刊
作者:吳宜蓁 引用關係
作者(外文):Wu, Yi-chen
出版日期:2004
卷期:5:4
頁次:頁107-150
主題關鍵詞:嚴重急性呼吸道症候群危機預防危機溝通風險認知風險溝通SARSCrisis preventionCrisis communicationRisk perceptionRisk communication
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:74
  • 點閱點閱:76
2003年4月到6月,臺灣面臨SARS浩劫,使政府與社會原本建立的防疫信心一夕崩盤。本研究試圖從「危機溝通」的角度,評析政府在SARS蔓延期間的溝通作為,並點出其中的缺失之處,包括危機應變中心疊床架屋、指揮不力;中央與地方意見不一、屢生衝突;媒體溝通不良、對外窗口不一;危機前未能宣導正確防疫知識,導致民眾過度恐慌等。在檢視現階段政府的防疫宣導與危機預防策略時,發現宣導策略已能針對上一波疫情的溝通缺失有所改進,且加強了媒體溝通與政府防疫形象建立的工作。 本研究最後提出如下建議:一、政府應從過去的傷害經驗中學習,做好新風險概念的宣導溝通工作;二、完善的危機應變計畫必須時常演練,並且隨情勢及外界反應進行彈性修訂,方不致流於紙上談兵;三、宣導是強調單向溝通,溝通的本質就是雙向對話,建議政府應有更明確的行為指引,使民眾願意將屬於外在強制的SARS防疫概念,內化成個人的自發行為。
The crisis communication responses of the Taiwan government to cope with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 was severely criticized. By employing a crisis communication model as research framework, this study evaluates the government's crisis communication efforts during the SARS outbreak as well as the risk communication strategies in the post-SARS era. The study explores a few defects during the SARS crisis, which include redundant crisis contingency centers, conflicts between central and local governments, poor communication with media reporters, inconsistent channels for external communications, and insufficient disease-prevention information given to the public before the crisis, so as to cause over-panic to the epidemic. In conclusion, the study suggests the government to improve the efforts on risk prevention in order to prevent another attack of the epidemic. It also suggests a better crisis contingency plan which is practiced periodically and able to overcome further challenge of the unknown diseases.
期刊論文
1.Gonzalez-Herrero, A.、Pratt, C. B.(1995)。How to Manage a Crisis Before-or-Whatever-It Hits。Public Relations Quarterly,40(1),25-29。  new window
2.Burnett, John J.(1998)。A Strategic Approach to Managing Crises。Public Relations Review,24(4),475-488。  new window
3.Cooper, M. M.(1997)。Working with Senior Management in a Crisis。Public Relations Tactics,4(3),1-12。  new window
4.Crescenzo, S.(1997)。Trouble Under the Golden Arches: An American Icon's PR Crisis。Public Relations Tactics,4(9)。  new window
5.Kauffman, J.(1997)。NASA in Crisis: The Space Agency's PR Efforts Regarding the Hubble Space Telescope。Public Relations Review,23(1),1-10。  new window
6.Statesman, A.(1997)。Mattel's Response to 'Cabbage' Attacks。Public Relations Tactics,4(3),1-20。  new window
7.蘇蘅(20000100)。集集大地震中媒體危機處理的總體檢。新聞學研究,62,153-163。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Williams, D. E.、Olaniran, B. A.(1998)。Expanding the crisis planning function: Introducing elements of risk communication to crisis communication practice。Public Relations Review,24(3),387-400。  new window
9.Marra, F. J.(1998)。Crisis Communication Plans: Poor Predictors of Excellent Crisis Public Relations。Public Relations Review,24(4),461-474。  new window
10.Small, W. J.(1991)。Exxon Valdez: How to spend billions and still get a black eye。Public Relations Review,17(1),9-25。  new window
11.Wenger, T.(1997)。When the Sports Hits the Fan: Crisis PR in the Age of Athlete Scandals。Public Relations Tactics,4(3),14-15。  new window
12.Sturges, David L.(1994)。Communicating through Crisis: A Strategy for Organizational Survival。Management Communication Quarterly,7(3),297-316。  new window
13.柯三吉、江岷欽(19870600)。組織間協調(IOC)的探討。行政學報,19,25-53。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Peters, R. G.、Covello, V. T.、McCallum, D. B.(1997)。The Determinants of Trust and Credibility in Environmental Risk Communication: An Empirical Study。Risk Analysis,17(1),43-54。  new window
15.成章瑜(2003)。SARS現代啟示錄。遠見雜誌,6月號。  延伸查詢new window
16.成章瑜、魏棻卿(2003)。防SARS,先防心理病毒。遠見雜誌,5月號。  延伸查詢new window
17.高清愿(2003)。指揮體系口徑要一致。遠見雜誌,6月號。  延伸查詢new window
18.蔡明忠(2003)。最好的危機管理是不要製造額外危機。遠見雜誌,6月號。  延伸查詢new window
19.Pines, W. L.(2001)。Myths of Crisis Management。Public Relations Quarterly,45(3),15-17。  new window
20.Puchan, H.(2001)。The Mercedes-Benz A-Class Crisis。Corporate Communications: An International Journal,6(1),42-46。  new window
21.Tsang, A. S. L.(2000)。Military Doctrine in Crisis Management: Three Beverage Contamination Cases。Business Horizons,43(5),65-73。  new window
22.Zerman, D.(1995)。Crisis Communication: Managing the Mass Media。Information Management & Computer Security,3(5),25-28。  new window
會議論文
1.丁學良(2003)。應對SARS的三種體制:強制、法制、弱制。臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.方念萱(2003)。SARS新聞報導的幾個分析觀點。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.朱延智(2003)。危機管理的理論與實踐。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
4.林鶴玲(2003)。SARS新聞的媒體觀察。SARS與臺灣社會研討會。臺北:國立臺灣大學社會學系。  延伸查詢new window
5.邱昌泰(2003)。臺灣因應SARS危機的問題與經驗。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
6.陳宜中(2003)。個人自由、集體安全與社會正義:關於SARS風暴的幾點倫理省思。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
7.陳德昇(2003)。兩岸危機管理比較。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
8.陸建華(2003)。非典時期的媒體活動與媒體管理-公共危機與資訊傳播。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
9.瞿海源、章英華(200307)。SARS社會情勢調查報告。後煞時代風險治理與社會重建研討會。臺北:行政院青年輔導委員會。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.閻立泰(2001)。政府與民眾危機溝通之研究--九二一地震個案分析(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.喻銘鐸(1987)。中央與地方政府間關係與政策執行-臺北市取締違章工廠的個案分析,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.Kasunic, D. K.(1989)。Issues Management Versus Crisis Management: A Comparative Study of Their Effectiveness(博士論文)。Wayne State University,Detroit, MI。  new window
圖書
1.Fearn-Banks, D.(1996)。Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach。NY:LEA。  new window
2.韓應寧、Fink, Steven(1987)。危機管理。臺北市:經濟與生活。  延伸查詢new window
3.Lundgren, R. E.、McMakin, A. H.(1998)。Risk Communication: A Handbook for Communicating Environmental, Safety, and Health Risks。Columbus, Ohio:Battelle Press。  new window
4.Zaltman, G.、Duncan, R.(1977)。Strategies for Planned Change。New York:John Wiley and Sons。  new window
5.Barton, L.(2001)。Crisis in organizations。Cincinnati, OH:College Divisions South-Western。  new window
6.吳宜蓁(2002)。危機傳播:公共關係與語藝觀點的理論與實踐。台北:五南。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Ray, S. J.(1999)。Strategic communication in crisis management: Lessons from the airline industry。Westport, Connecticut:Quorum Books。  new window
8.朱延智(2002)。企業危機管理。台北:五南圖書出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
9.朱延智(2000)。危機處理的理論與實務。臺北:幼獅。  延伸查詢new window
10.Lerbinger, Otto(1997)。The Crisis Manager: Facing Risk and Responsibility。Mahwah, New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.。  new window
11.Heath, R. L.(1997)。Strategic Issues Management-€”Organizations and Public Policy Challenges。Sage。  new window
12.Coombs, W. Timothy(1999)。Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding。Sage。  new window
13.古映芸(1996)。群眾公關。群眾公關。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.行政院衛生署國民健康局(0)。SARS防治教育宣導工作檢討報告,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
2.(0)。民眾對政府SARS防疫相關政策意見調查,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
3.(0)。「各部會SOP」資料,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
4.(0)。「流感期SARS防治衛教及政策溝通」資料,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Kasperson, Roger E.、Palmlund, Ingar(1989)。Evaluating Risk Communication。Effective Rick Communication。N.Y.:Plenum Press。  new window
2.Seeger, M. W.、Sellnow, T. L.、Ulmer, R. R.(2001)。Public relations and crisis communication: Organizing and chaos。Handbook of Public Relations。London:Sage。  new window
3.Covello, V. T.(1992)。Risk communication: An emerging area of health communication research。Communication yearbook。Newbuiy Park, CA:Sage。  new window
4.Stocker, K. P.(1997)。A Strategic Approach to Crisis Management。The Handbook of Strategic PR & Integrated Communications。NY:McGraw-Hill。  new window
5.Daggett, C. J.(1989)。The Role of Risk Communication in Environmental Gridlock。Effective Risk Communication。New York, NY:Plenum Press。  new window
6.Seeger, M. W.、Sellnow, T. L.、Ulmer, R. R.(1998)。Communication, Organization and Crisis。Communication Yearbook。Newbury Park, CA:Sage。  new window
 
 
 
 
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