隨著高齡社會的來臨，高齡者的休閒活動議題愈加顯得重要。本研究目的為分析都會與鄉村地區高齡者休閒個別環境，在實質環境、社會環境以及自然環境資源上之差異。研究方法包括文獻回顧法、半結構式訪談以及非參與式觀察法；以都會地區台北縣板橋市與鄉村地區台南縣西港鄉為主要調查範圍，透過訪談14位從事休閒運動的高齡者與11位地方意見領袖，瞭解休閒環境如何供給與影響高齡者。依據中地理論(Central Place Theory)將休閒資源區分為社區型與區域型。研究結果發現：(1)休閒實質環境上，兩地社區型休閒資源相似，傾向於提供促進身體健康的運動器材；區域型資源，西港鄉由社教機構提供完善的室內設施，板橋市傾向於提供活動空間、促進團體聚集形式的環境。(2)休閒社會環境上，西港鄉提供定期的聚會和課程；板橋市以辦理旅遊及大型活動為主要的休閒活動。(3)休閒自然環境上，氣溫和雨量是影響舉辦高齡者休閒活動的最主要因素。本研究結論如下：(1)「社區型」休閒設施主要提供高齡者日常生活的休閒活動。(2)「區域型」休閒環境主要促進高齡者間的社會互動關係。(3)都會地區擁有大量的休閒資源，且分散在不同的地點；鄉村地區則是同一個地點具備多種不同的功能。

With the arriving of the aged society, the issue of recreational activities for the elderly has become important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the differences of physical, social, and natural recreational environment for the elderly between the rural and urban areas. The methods in this study were literature review, non-participant observation and semi-structured interview. Banciao city and Sigang town were selected as the study sites to present the urban and rural communities in Taiwan. 14 elderly people who participated in recreational sport and 11 local leaders were selected to interview to understand how recreational environment impacted and supplied resources to the elderly. According to the Central Place Theory, this study put the recreational resources into two categories, community and regional facilities. Results of this study showed that: (1) in physical recreational environment, both of areas provided similar community facilities to prompt physical health of the elderly. In the regional facilities, social education of institutions in Sigang town supplied indoor facilities well, and the Banciao city tended to supply recreational environment with the opening space and promote people to gather together; (2) in social recreational environment, the regular courses and gathering were provided in Sigang town; but arranging tours and events were supplied in Banciao city; (3) in natural environment, the temperature and precipitation were the main factors to disturb hosting the recreational activities for the elderly. The conclusions showed as following: (1) the elderly participated in daily activity at community recreational environment; (2) the activity in the regional recreational environment was to enhance the social interaction within the elderly; (3) in the urban area, the large amount of recreational resources were scattered in the various locations; in the rural area, multiple functions were gathered in one specific location.