孔尚任創作《桃花扇》，自言乃「考確時地，全無假借」，更作〈考據〉一文以示讀者，其中劇中主角侯方域本人的文字多篇是孔氏創作時的重要參考材料。本文試圖以侯方域的作品作為理解《桃花扇》的鑰匙，著重於〈李姬傳〉、〈贈人〉詩與〈左寧南傳〉等篇章，分析孔尚任如何在去、取與改作之間，寄寓其在文字之外的深意。

Regarding the writing, The Peach Blossom Fan, Kong Shang-Ren self-stated that “the time and places were investigated, and there was no loan” and wrote Textual Criticism to express to the readers. Several texts of the character Hou Fang-Yu were the key reference for Kong’s writings. This study intends to comprehend The Peach Blossom Fan with Hou Fang-Yu’s works as the key and focusing on Li Ji Zhuan, Gifts, and Zuo Ning-Nan Zhuan to analyze how Kong Shang-Ren implied the meaning beyond writings among rejection, acceptance, and derivative.