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題名：隱形居民與公民政治：負向政治範式與普遍性命題的難題
書刊名：中外文學
作者：劉紀蕙 引用關係
作者(外文)：Liu, Joyce C. H.
出版日期：2018
卷期：47:3=462
頁次：頁185-230
主題關鍵詞：內部殖民；邊界政治；公民政治；外籍勞工；無證件者；無分之分；新自由主義；物流系統；拓撲空間；巴里巴爾；巴迪烏；章太炎；齊物論；Internal colonialism；Border politics；Politics of citizenship；Migrant workers；Sans-papier；Part des sans-part；Neoliberalism；Logistics；Topological space；Étienne Balibar；Alain Badiou；Zhang Taiyan；Qiwulun
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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由於勞動力的需求，台灣近三十年引入大量外籍勞工。截至2017 年底為止，台灣官方統計顯示在產業界以及社福界的藍領外籍勞工人數已經高達671,228 人，比起五十四萬人的原住民人口還要多。此外，逃離雇主而成為無證件外勞的人數高達52,322，無國籍兒童亦有7,929人。這些有證件或是無證件的外籍勞工並無法完全獲得勞基法的保護，時常被虐待，無法爭取共居社會應有的承認與平等權利，甚至構成了被合法化的現代奴隸制度。這些居住於此處卻不被看到，也無法平等參與社會的隱形社群，構成了新自由主義時期的內部殖民體制，不僅是底層人民之外的底層，也挑戰了共同體公民權的問題。本文探討這個屬於此地卻又不被計算的隱形居民，以甚麼方式暴露了邊界政治與公民排除的負向政治範式，以及我們要如何以哲學思考與理論實踐回應這個問題。本文提問起點，在於當前新自由主義社會的資本流動如何促成了勞工的大量移動，以及公民排除的操作機制如何與當代全球化新自由主義社會的無意識負向政治範式共構，從而對應於各種隱形居民而形成了新奴隸制度與內部殖民體系。為了進行上述問題的理論分析與實踐模式，本文首先藉由馬札德拉與尼爾森所分析的物流系統與後勤部署（logistics），解釋這個全球操作系統。其次，本文梳理了法國哲學家巴里巴爾與巴迪烏的相關論點，討論這兩位積極介入隱形居民以及邊界政治的思想家，如何以理論化的方式，分析這個屬於此地卻又不被計算的隱形居民問題，以及如何提出他們的解決方案。本文指出，巴里巴爾與巴迪烏各自針對普遍性命題而展開的辯論，在巴里巴爾所提出的邊界民主化以及巴迪烏的拓撲集合論與數學本體論之處，形成了獨特的理論結盟。最後，本文回到中文脈絡，指出章太炎曾經提出的經緯組織以及河床空處的構想，恰恰以結合莊子與佛教思想的觀點，解釋了巴里巴爾與巴迪烏的動態普遍性以及拓撲理論構想。本文提議將台灣視為經緯組織以及河床空處的動態拓撲空間，以便能夠重新思考平等公民的可能性
According to the statistics of the Workforce Development Agency of Taiwan, there are 671,228 migrant laborers, particularly from Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Thailand, in Taiwan by the end of November 2017. This number is much higher than the population of the indigenous people in Taiwan. There are also increasing numbers of undocumented migrant workers, as reported by the National Immigration Agency, and the number of reported runaways or 'missing workers' has reached 52,322 in December 2017. We are also informed that there are more than 7929 stateless orphans in Taiwan, with no social welfare, such as health care or education system. These documented or undocumented migrant workers are not protected by Basic Labor Law in Taiwan, not recognized as citizen, and even their basic human rights can be easily violated and thus ended up as victims of a legalized modern slavery system. The increasing population of this type of invisible community, who live and work in the same city but cannot participate and do not have the same basic rights, has posited a serious challenge to the concept of citizenship and manifested a new form of internal colonialism. This essay argues that the situations of the migrant laborers is comparable to modern slavery and the emerging form of internal colonialism are costructured by the global chain of logistics that links the flow of capital, the flow of human labors, the local agencies and juridical systems, and the apparatus of civic exclusion. I call it the unconscious operation of the negative political paradigm in the neoliberal society. Through looking into Sandro Mezzadra and Brett Neilson's concept of logistics, Etienne Balibar's critiques of border politics, Alain Badiou's set theory and mathematic ontology, as well as late Qing scholar Zhang Taiyan's theory of the empty riverbed as the metaphor of the topological space for all citizens. This paper proposes to view Taiwan as a dynamic topological site for constant re-composition so as to re-envision the possibility for equal citizenship
期刊論文
1.夏曉鵑(20090600)。知識介入與移民／工運動的推進。臺灣社會研究，74，367-382。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.成露茜(20021200)。跨國移工、臺灣建國意識與公民運動。臺灣社會研究，48，15-43。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.夏曉鵑(2002)。騷動流移的虛構商品：「勞工流移」專題導讀。臺灣社會研究季刊，48，1-13。  延伸查詢new window
4.廖元豪(20090600)。知識介入與移民／工運動的推進。臺灣社會研究，74，383-405。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.楊婉瑩、張雅雯(20140600)。為什麼反對移工／移民？利益衝突抑或文化排斥。政治科學論叢，60，43-84。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.藍佩嘉(20061200)。合法的奴工，法外的自由：外籍勞工的控制與出走。臺灣社會研究，64，107-150。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.顧玉玲(20131200)。跛腳的偽自由市場：檢析臺灣外勞政策的三大矛盾。臺灣人權學刊，2(2)，93-112。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.張翰璧、張晉芬(20130600)。全球化效果的侷限：臺灣民眾對接納跨國移民的態度。臺灣社會學刊，52，131-167。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.曾嬿芬(20040600)。引進外籍勞工的國族政治。臺灣社會學刊，32，1-58。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.劉紀蕙(2015)。法與生命的悖論：論章太炎的政治性與批判史觀。杭州師範大學學報(社會科學版)，2015(2)，32-45+55。  延伸查詢new window
11.Casanova, Pablo Gonzalez(1965)。Internal Colonialism and National Development。Studies in Comparative International Development，1(4)，27-37。  new window
12.劉紀蕙(20150300)。勢．法．虛空：以章太炎對質朱利安。中國文哲研究通訊，25(1)=97，1-31。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Mezzadra, Sandro、Neilson, Brett(2015)。Operations of Capital。South Atlantic Quarterly，114(1)，1-10。  new window
14.Nail, Thomas(2010)。Building Sanctuary City: NOII-Toronto on Nan-Status Migrant Justice Organizing。Journal of Theory and Action，11，147-160。  new window
15.Nail, Thomas(2015)。Alain Badiou and the Sans-Papiers。Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities，20(4)，109-29。  new window
16.孫友聯(20131200)。移動中的剝削：臺灣外勞人權問題剖析。臺灣人權學刊，2(2)，113-128。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.劉紀蕙(20130300)。「計算為一」與「一分為二」：論洪席耶與巴迪烏關於「空」與政治性主體之歧義。中外文學，42(1)=440，15-64。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.李建良(2006)。國籍與公民權：人民與國家「身分連結」的法制溯源與法理分析。公民權：台灣社會變遷基本調查第八次研討會，(會議日期: 2006/05/26)。臺北：中央研究院政治學研究所籌備處及社會學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
2.吳靜如(2005)。新奴工制度。公法與公共政策論壇，(會議日期: 2005/11/05)。臺北：公益信託法治斌教授學術基金會。  延伸查詢new window
3.Marquard, Leopold(1957)。South Africa's Colonial Policy: Presidential Address Delivered。The Annual Meeting of the Council of the South African Institute of Race Relations，Hiddingh Hall, Cape Townt (會議日期: January 16, 1957)。Johannesburg：South African Institute of Race Relations。  new window
研究報告
1.內政部移民署(2016)。行蹤不明外勞人數統計表。  延伸查詢new window
2.內政部移民署(2017)。行蹤不明外勞人數統計表。  延伸查詢new window
3.勞動部勞動力發展署(2017)。產業及社幅外籍勞工人數--按產業分。  延伸查詢new window
4.UN DESA(2015)。International Migrants Stock Dataset in 2015。United Nation, Department of Economic and Social Affairs。  new window
圖書
1.Hechter, Michael(1975)。Internal Colonialism: The Celtic Fringe in British National Development。Berkeley, Calif：University of California Press。  new window
2.Agamben, Giorgio、D'Isanto, Luca、Attell, Kevin(2009)。The Signature of All Things: On Method。Zone Books。  new window
3.Badiou, Alain、Fernbach, David(2008)。The Meaning of Sarkozy。London：Verso。  new window
4.Badiou, Alain、Brassier, Ray(2003)。Saint Paul: The Foundation of Universalism。Stanford, California：Stanford University Press。  new window
5.Hallward, Peter(2003)。Badiou: A Subject to Truth。Minneapolis, MN：University of Minnesota Press。  new window
6.Badiou, Alain、Burchill, Louise(2011)。Second Manifesto for Philosophy。Polity Press。  new window
7.Badiou, Alain(2010)。The Communist Hypothesis。Verso。  new window
8.Marshall, Thomas Humphrey(1950)。Citizenship and Social Class, and Other Essays。Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Habermas, Jürgen、McCarthy, Thomas A.(1987)。Theory of Communicative Action, Volume Two: Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason。Beacon Press。  new window
10.李雪莉(2017)。血淚漁場：跨國直擊台灣遠洋漁業真相。台北：行人文化實驗室。  延伸查詢new window
11.Badiou, Alain、Toscano, Alberto(2009)。Logics of Worlds: Being and Event。Continuum。  new window
12.Badiou, Alain、Bosteels, Bruno(2009)。The Theory of Subject。London：Bloomsbury Academic。  new window
13.Balibar, Étienne、Ingram, James(2014)。Equaliberty: Political Essays。Durham, NC：Duke UP。  new window
14.Frank, Andre Gunder(1975)。Latin America: underdevelopment or revolution: essays on the development of underdevelopment and the immediate enemy。New York：Monthly Review Press。  new window
15.International Labor Organization & Asian Development Bank(2015)。Safeguarding the Rights of Asian Migrant Workers from Home to the Workplace。Asian Development Bank。  new window
16.Marx, Karl(1887)。Capital: A Critique of Political Economic。  new window
17.Agamben, Giorgio、Heller-Roazen, Daniel(1998)。Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life。Stanford University Press。  new window
18.Foucault, Michel、Macey, David、Bertani, Mauro、Fontana, Alessandro(2003)。Society Must Be Defended: Lectures at the College de France, 1975-1976。Picador。  new window
其他
1.羊正鈺(2017)。她不只打了印尼移工，仲介在勞動局毆打勞工協會人員。  延伸查詢new window
2.李雪莉(20161219)。造假．剝削．血淚漁場：跨國直擊台灣遠洋漁業真相，https://www.twreporter.org/topics/far-sea-fishing-investigative-report。  延伸查詢new window
3.官文傑(20170205)。勿讓人權成為摧毀台灣的藉口。  延伸查詢new window
4.官文傑(20170521)。6681個無國籍棄養兒童。  延伸查詢new window
5.林雅惠(20170228)。筌聖老家 涉囚虐移工14年。  延伸查詢new window
6.莊舒晴，Musikawong, Sudarat(2017)。團結的艱難：台韓比較觀點下的移工運動，新北：交通大學社會與文化研究所：燦光東南亞主題書店。  延伸查詢new window
7.陳鈺馥(20170402)。奉獻偏鄉42年 丁松青神父殊勳歸化成為台灣人。  延伸查詢new window
8.陳鈺馥(20170402)。2002中國人逾期滯台 立委：國安漏洞。  延伸查詢new window
9.彭琬馨(20170402)。國際特赦組織 籲中國速放李明哲。  延伸查詢new window
10.黃欣柏(20170402)。王宗武共課案 判刑18年定議。  延伸查詢new window
11.簡永達(20160822)。無國籍的移工小孩--「沒有名字」的孩子們。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.章太炎、上海人民出版社(1985)。國家論。章太炎全集。上海：上海人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.Wolpe, Harold(1975)。The Theory of Internal Colonialism: The South African Case。Beyond the Sociology of Development: Economy and Society in Latin America and Africa。London：Routledge and Kegan Paul。  new window
3.李雪莉(2017)。前言：重訪奴役之路。血淚漁場：跨國直擊台灣遠洋漁業真相。臺北：行人文化實驗室。  延伸查詢new window
4.Badiou, Alain(2004)。Eight Theses on the Universal。Theoretical Writings。Continuum。  new window
5.Badiou, Alain、Brassier, Ray、Toscano, Alberto(2004)。One, Multiple, Multiplicities。Theoretical Writing。  new window
6.Badiou, Alain、Brassier, Ray、Toscano, Alberto(2004)。Truth: Forcing and the Unnameable。Theoretical Writings。New York：Continuum。  new window
7.Badiou, Alain(2004)。Spinoza's Closed Ontology。Theoretical Writing。Continuum。  new window
8.Badiou, Alain、Barker, Jason(2005)。Politics as Truth Procedure。Metapolitics。London：Verso。  new window
9.Badiou, Alain、Barker, Jason(2005)。Politics Unbound。Metapolitics。London：Verso。  new window
10.Badiou, Alain(2009)。Thinking the Event。Philosophy in the Present。Cambridge：Polity Press。  new window
11.Badiou, Alain(2016)。Twenty-Four Notes on the Uses of the Word People。What Is A People?。New York：Columbia UP。  new window
12.Balibar, Etienne(2002)。What Is a Border?。Politics and the Other Scene。London：Verso。  new window
13.Balibar, Etienne(2004)。World Borders, Political Borders, Outline of a Topography of Cruelty: Citizenship and Civility in the Era of Global Violence。We, the People of Europe? Reflections on Transnational Citizenship。New Jersey：Princeton UP。  new window
14.Balibar, Étienne(2007)。Debating with Alain Badiou on Universalism。Koehn Event in Critical Theory, A Dialogue between Alain Badiou and Etienne Balibar on Universalism。Berkeley：University of California Irvine。  new window
15.Bosteels, Bruno(2009)。Translator's Introduction。Theory of the Subject。London：Bloomsbury Academic。  new window
16.Liu, Joyce C. H.、Vaughan-Williams, Nick(2014)。Translating Borders, Deconstructing 'Europe/East Asia。European-East Asian Borders in Translation。London：Routledge。  new window
17.Liu, Joyce C. H.(2014)。The Taiwan Question: Border Consciousness Intervened, Inverted and Displaced。European-East Asian Borders in Translation。London：Routledge。  new window
 
 
 
 
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