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題名：國民小學兒童學習方法之效率的調查研究
書刊名：初等教育學報
作者：吳新華
出版日期：1990
卷期：3
頁次：頁443-503
主題關鍵詞：方法；兒童；效率；國小；學習
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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　　　　　本研究係從學學的里與實行、習慣與環境、上課的學習行為，及應試技巧等四個領域以了解國小學校學習方法的效率，並分析性別、學校類型、年級，和學業成就與學習方法效率的關係。採學習方法效率量表為工具，以臺灣地區智、仁、勇類學各四所，抽取四、五、六年級學童1251名為對象，進行調查與分析，結果發現：一、國小學童學習方法效四個領域中的反應均以習慣與環境最高、學習計畫與實行最低，上課的學習行為次低，顯示國小學童的學習普遍缺計畫及正確有效的技巧。二、不同性別、學類型、年級國小學校學習方法的效率，經變異數分析之結果，其差異顯然都是此三變項交互作效果。三、女學童在四個領域十三項分量表的表全部顯著的優於男學童。四、智類學校學童學習方法效率顯著高於仁類，而勇類學校學童與其他類型學校學童間則差弱不顯著。五、五年級學童學習方法效率最高，四年級次之，六年級學童最低。六、學業成就高分組學童學習方法效率最高，中分組次之，低分組最差，各組間差異顯著。基於研究發現，提出六項建議，俾供指導學童學習時之參考。
　　　　　This paper was aimed to examine elementary school childrens’ study method efficiency through the domains of “Study Planning and Practice”, “Study Habiits and Environment”, “Learning Behavior in the Classroom” and “Technique for Taking Examination”. The author also investigated the relationship between gender, school type, grade, academic achievement and study method efficiency. For achieving the purposes, an instrument called “Effective Study Habits Inventory” was conducted, and 1251 samples including the 4, 5, 6 grade were selected form the population of different school types of “Chih”, “Jen” and “yung”, each 4, in Taiwan Area. The findings show that: 1.The highest score of elementary school children’s’ study efficiency drops into the domain of “Study Habits and Environment”, and domain of “Study Planning and Practice” however gets the lowest score, revealing that the majority of elementary school children lack both knowledge of study planning and skills of effective study. 　　2.Ementary school childrens’ study method efficiency significantly exists interaction effect among gender, school types, and grades. 　　3.Among the four domains and thirteen subscales, girls’ study method efficiency scores are completely higher than those of boys. 　　4.Children studying in Chih school type get higher study efficiency score than that in Jen school type. 　　5.The 5 grade children get the highest score of all the sampled grades, while the 6 grade childrens’ score is the lowest. 　　6.Children with the highest academic achievement significantly get highest score in “Effective Study Habit Inventory” among the other groups. Based on the findings, the author provides six recommendations for guiding elementary school children leaning.
期刊論文
1.Brown, W. F.、Holtzman, W. H.(1955)。A study-attitudes questionnaire for predicting academic success。Journal of Educational Psychology，46，75-84。  new window
2.Carter, H. D.(1961)。Over-achievers and under-achievers in the junior high school。California Journal of Educational Research，12，51-56。  new window
3.Brown, W. F.、Holtzman, W. H.(1956)。Use of the survey of study habits and attitudes for counseling students。Personnel and Guidance Journal，35，214-218。  new window
4.Brooks, F. D.、Heston, J. C.(1945)。The validity of items in a study habits inventory。Journal of Educational Psychology，36(5)，257-270。  new window
5.吳新華(19880300)。資賦優異學童之自我觀念與生活適應。臺南師院學報，21，1-70。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.邱維城(1974)。學習困擾調查結果分析與學業輔導。測驗與輔導雙月刊，3(5)，37-39。  延伸查詢new window
7.Walsh, W. B.、Spokane, A. R.、Mitchell, E.(1976)。Consistent occupational preferences and academic adjustment。Research in High Education，4，123-129。  new window
8.Khan, S. B.(1969)。Affective correlates of academic achievement。Journal of Educational Psychology，60(3)，216-221。  new window
9.張植珊(19690600)。學習輔導與學習困擾調查。輔導月刊，5(10)，3-4。  延伸查詢new window
10.Anastas, J. W.、Reinherz, H.(1984)。Gender differences in learning and adjustment problems in school: Results of a longitudinal study。American Journal of Orthopsychiatry，54(1)，110-122。  new window
11.何金針、蔡秋河(1975)。台北縣立永和國中「學習態度測驗」之研究報告。測驗與輔導雙月刊，2(4)，116-118。  延伸查詢new window
12.黃萬益(19751200)。國小學生學習適應問題之研究。新竹師專學報，2，183-256。  延伸查詢new window
13.陳秀才(19860600)。國民小學規模與教學環境之關係：臺北市國民小學的規模研究（摘要）。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所集刊，28，429-441。  延伸查詢new window
14.楊國樞、柯永河、李本華(19730300)。國中學生的心理物質與學業成就。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，35，41-86。  延伸查詢new window
15.盧菊芳(1979)。華江國中學生行為困擾問題調查研究。測驗與輔導雙月刊，8(5)，586-588。  延伸查詢new window
16.Cuff, N. B.(1937)。Study habits in grades four to twelve。Journal of Educational Psychology，28(4)，295-301。  new window
17.Entwistle, N. J.、Entwistle, D.、Cowell, M. D.(1971)。The academic performance of students British。Journal of Medical Educational Psychology，41，258-267。  new window
18.Lacher, M.(1973)。The life styles of underachieving college students。Journal of Counseling Psychology，20(3)，220-226。  new window
19.Camdem, M. E.(1943)。An Analysis of the Study Habits of Catholic High School Students。Catholic Educational Review，43，542-549。  new window
20.Wrenn, C. G.、Humber, W. J.(1941)。Study habits associated with high and low scholarships。Journal of Educational Psychology，32(8)，611-616。  new window
21.簡茂發(19860600)。大學生適應問題及其相關因素之探討研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所集刊，28，左1-左90。  延伸查詢new window
22.林義男(19810600)。大學學生教育態度之研究--社經地位、學業成就與學習滿意度之比較。輔導學報，4，195-219。new window  延伸查詢new window
23.劉錦志、尤淑純(19800600)。國小低成就學生心理特質之分析研究。臺中師專學報，9，252-270。  延伸查詢new window
24.Lunn, J. C. B.(1972)。The influence of sex, achievement level and social class on junior school children's attitudes。British Journal of Educational Psychology，42，70-74。  new window
會議論文
1.Cadzella, B. M.(1976)。Interrelationship of study habit and attitudes, locus of control, motivation achievement tendencies and academic achievement。The annual conference of the Southwestern Psychological Association。Albuquerque。  new window
研究報告
1.陳英豪、林正文、李坤崇(1988)。我國國小學生學習適應之評量研究 (計畫編號：NSC77-0301-H024-001)。台北市：行政院國科會科資中心。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.許佩玲(1981)。大學生學業成就之預測及其相關的研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.紀文祥(1965)。包何二氏學習習慣與態度之研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.Camdem, M. E.(1943)。An Analysis of the Study Habits of the Students in a Catholic High School(碩士論文)。Fordham University，New York。  new window
4.邱麒忠(1986)。行為的自我控制對國中學生學習習慣和方法之個別輔導效果研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.郭聰貴(1978)。國小學生對學校態度之調查分析(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.鄭美玲(1986)。國小資優學生的學習方式及其相關因素之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.蔡敏光(1985)。高中生行為適應問題之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
8.吳一希(1969)。高中男生學業成就與性格、學習習慣及態度間關係之研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
9.謝季宏(1973)。智力、學習習慣、成就動機及家長社會地位與國中學生學業成就之關係(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
10.王玉屏(1980)。國中低收入學生行為困擾、學習態度與學業成就之調查研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
11.張新仁(1982)。國中學生學習行為--學習方法、學習習慣、學習態度之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
12.盧美貴(1980)。國小教師教導方式與學生學習行為的關係(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.林義男(1975)。我國國中學生教育態度之研究。臺中：明光出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.Maccoby, E. E.(1966)。The Development of Sex Differences。Stanford, Calif：Stanford University Press。  new window
3.賴保禎(1969)。學習態度測驗指導手冊。臺北市：中國行為科學社。  延伸查詢new window
4.胡秉正(1988)。教育心理學。台北市：三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
5.陳明終、陳聰銘(1983)。國小低成就學生學習態度、自我概念與行為困擾之調查研究。台中：精粹出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.松原達哉(1976)。能率的學習法診斷檢查手引。日本文化科學社。  延伸查詢new window
7.Farquhar, W. W.、Krumboltz, J. D.、Wrenn, C. G.(1960)。Learning to Study。New York：The Ronald Press Co.。  new window
8.Garrison, K. C.、Gray, J. S.(1955)。Educational Psychology。New York：Appleton-Century-Crofts。  new window
9.Morgan, C. T.、King, R. A.、Robinson, N. M.(1979)。Introduction to Psychology。New York：McGraw-Hill Book Company。  new window
10.Robinson, F. P.(1961)。Effective Study。New York：Harper & Bros。  new window
11.Roberts, J.、Bird, J. T.(1972)。Behavior patterns of children in school: United states。  new window
單篇論文
1.Iverson, B. K.，Walberg, H. J.(1979)。Home Environment and Learning: A quantitative synthesis(ED 168714)。  new window
2.Brown, W. F.(1971)。Student to Student stody skills counseling as an effective guidance procedure(ED 060485)。  new window
3.Putallaz, M.(1985)。Sociometric status and adjustment: A developmental perspective(ED 260821)。  new window
其他
1.Smydra, M.，Kochenoor, E.(1978)。A study of the relationship among birth order, family size, and sibling constellation and high school behavioral and academic adjustment。  new window
2.Moore, R. P.(1985)。Learning style preferences of nontraditional undergraduate students at a private four, year college。  new window
3.Hart, V.(1976)。Construction of an instrument for assessing cognitive learning based upon "Ready? Set... Go"... ... ...a television course for elementary physical education/level one。  new window
4.Saleh, M. A.(1979)。The personal, social, and academic adjustment problems of Arab students at selected Texas institutions of higher education。  new window
圖書論文
1.辰野千壽(1971)。認知スタイルと學業成績，知能テストぉよび，思考力テスト。教心13回論文集。  延伸查詢new window
2.Traxier, A. E.(1944)。Survey of study Habits。Reading Tests and Reviews。New York：Gryphon Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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