本研究旨在探討國民小學學生的控制信念、數學焦慮、數學態度與數學成就間之關係。抽取學生樣本990人，得可用問卷871份。研究工具為「學生生活經驗問卷」，內含「諾一史內外控量表簡表」、「數學焦慮量表」、「數學態度量表」及「重要他人數學態度量表」等四種。統計方法採用七考驗、變異數分析、積差相關、逐步多元迴歸及典型相關等方法。主要研究結論為： ①不同學生性別、學生年級、教師性別、控制信念、重要他人態度之學生在數學焦慮、數學態度上有顯著差異。②學童得控制信念可以有效預測學童的數學焦慮；而學童重要他人之數學態度可以有效預測學童的數學態度。③學同的數學態度是預測學童數學成就之有效指標。④此外在典型相關、徑路關係分析亦有顯著效果存在。⑤學童懼怕數學的的主要原因為：成績不佳，會被老師 (父母) 處罰；數學課很枯燥，單調；考試成積不理想。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among the locus of control, attitude toward mathematics of significant others, mathematics anxiety, mathematics attitudes and mathematics achievement of primary school students. The valid sample for this study consisted of 871 boys and girls, grades 4, 5 and 6, from schools in Kaohsiung city. "Questionnaire of Student's living experiment", including CNS-IE, Math Anxiety Scale, Math Attitudes Scale and Attitude Scale Toward Math of Significant Others, was administered. Basic statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's product-mo-ment correlation, stepwise multiple regression, canonical analysis and path analysis were employed to analyze the data collected. Major findings and conclusion were as follows: 1. The primary school students with different sex, school grade, teachers' sex, locus of control and significant others' attitude of Math showed significant differences on Math anxiety and on Math attitude. 2. The students' locus of control can predict their Math anxiety well. The significant others' attitude of Math also can predict the students'. 3. The students' attitude of Math is a good indicator for predicting the aca-demic achievement in Math. 4. Besides, canonical correlation and path analysis appear significance. 5. The major reasons of students' fearing of Math are : ①If they couldn't get good scores, they will be scolded by their teachers and parents. ② Math is boring. ③ They couldn't get ideal scores in Math tests.