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題名：諮商中大學生的心理分離-個體化衝突改變歷程研究
書刊名：教育心理學報
作者：陳秉華 引用關係
出版日期：1995
卷期：28
頁次：頁145-175
主題關鍵詞：心理分離-個體化衝突；諮商的改變歷程；發現式取向質的研究方法；Psychological separation-individuation conflict；Change process in counseling
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(26) 博士論文(8) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:26
  • 共同引用共同引用:33
  • 點閱點閱:63
　　　　　本研究旨在了解並建立大學生在諮商中心理分離一個體化衝突的改變歷程模式，四位大學女生是本研究的個案，各接受四至九次不等的個別諮商。在諮商開始時個案們都有與父母的心理/情感衝突困擾，在諮商結束時，個案們都提昇了自主感，並且感到與父母關係有改善。本研究採發現式取向質的研究方法，以個案在會談錄音的逐字稿配合個案的事後訪談資料進行質的分析。結果發現有心理分離衝突的個案所描述的親子關係的特徵包括疏遠的、有衝突的家庭氣氛、存在代間的衝突態度、父母親過度干預與控制、父母親情緒化、個案在與父母互動中有負面感受、渴望父母的情感支持、想順從與取悅父母、罪惡感、逃避反應、是家庭中的照顧者、對自己的負面態度與低自尊。在諮商中的改變歷程為(1)呈現來談的期待，(2)親子互動的描述，(3)內在負面情緒的覺察、接觸、表達與接納，(4)激發來談與改變的動機，(5)探索與了解父母、家庭對自己的影響，(6)與父母的心理分離歷程自我支持歷程的交互出現;與父母心理分離的歷程包括表達對父母的負面感受、惰感支持的渴望、想順從與取悅父母、罪惡感、照顧家庭、對父母與家庭關係的理解與洞察等五個子題。自我支持歷程包含了覺察並接觸脆弱的自我、被諮商員支持了解與自我肯定、害怕改變、對自己的問題與改變負起責任、自我了解、自我接納與自我肯定等五個子題。(7)來談目標的達成，包括自信心、自我增強、親子關係改善。本研究針對親子互動的品質、孝道倫理的文化、女性的社會發展對心理分離一個體化的意義提出論論，並對本研究所提出的青少年心理分離一個體化改變歷程模式的建立、諮商員所提供的修正共生經驗，以及發現式取向的諮商歷程研究策略的使用等部份提出討論。最後並於本文末提供建議要點。
　　　　　 The study is aimed to explore and develop a counseling process change model in resolving college student's psychological separation-individuation conflict. Four female college students having emotional conflicts with their parents received brief individual counseling. The study was conducted using discovery-oriented qualitative research method. Each counseling session was audiotaped and transcribed into verbatim. Each student client was also interviewed after each counseling session to gain more information about the impacts received from the counseling. Data were analyzed by content analysis according to the themes emerged from the verbatims and the interviews. The main themes relating to the issue of separation-individuation conflict included: The distant and conflicting family climate, cross-generation conflicting attitude, parental over-controlling, parental emotional unstability, negative feelings in the interaction with parents, the need for receiving emotional support from parents, the need to please and obey parents, guilt feeling, avoidance response, being family care-taker, and the negative self-esteem. The themes occurred in the counseling change model included: the client's expectation, the awareness and acceptance of negative emotions, the inspiration of change motive, the deeper exploration and gaining new understanding of the influence received from the family, the interactional process of psychological separation and self-support enhancement, and the attainment of counseling goal. The outcomes of the counseling were positive. All four student clients felt more autonomous and self-confident. They also reported the improvements of the parental relationship. The discussion and suggestion about the development of counseling change model of separation and individuation were raised at the end of the article.
期刊論文
1.Lapsley, D. K.、Rice, K. G.、Shadid, G. E.(1989)。Psychological separation and adjustment to college。Journal of Counseling Psychology，36(3)，286-294。  new window
2.Hoffman, J. A.(1984)。Psychological separation of late adolescents from their parents。Journal of Counseling Psychology，31(2)，170-178。  new window
3.Mahrer, A. R.(1988)。Discovery-oriented psychotherapy research: Rationale, aims, and methods。American Psychologist，43(9)，694-702。  new window
4.Greenberg, L. S.(1986)。Change Process Research。Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology，54(1)，4-9。  new window
5.Moore, D.(1987)。Parent-adolescent separation: the construction of adulthood by late adolescents。Developmental Psychology，23(2)，298-307。  new window
6.Rice, K. G.(1992)。Separation-individuation and adjustment to college: a longitudinal study。Journal of counseling Psychology，39(2)，203-213。  new window
7.陳秉華、廖鳳池(1993)。大學學生輔導中心個別諮商服務的評鑑--以國立台灣師範大學學生輔導中心為例。輔導與諮商學報，1，57-78。  延伸查詢new window
8.葉紹國(19960600)。女性的道德網羅。婦女與兩性研究通訊，35，6-8。  延伸查詢new window
9.Ainsworth, M. D. S.(1989)。Attachment beyound infancy。American Psychologists，44(4)，709-716。  new window
10.Ainsworth, M. D. S.(1979)。Attachment beyound infancy。American Psychologists，34(4)，932-937。  new window
11.Grotevant, H. D.、Cooper, C. R.(1986)。Individuation in family relationship。Human Development，29，82-100。  new window
12.Lopez, F. G.、Campbell, V. L.、Watkins, C. E. Jr.(1986)。Depression, Psychological Separation, and College Adjustment: An Investigation of Sex Differences。Journal of Counseling Psychology，33(1)，52-56。  new window
13.Mahrer, A. R.、Nadler, W. P.(1986)。Good moments in psychotherapy: A promising research avenues。Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology，54，10-15。  new window
14.Williams, R. C. S.、Small, S. A.(1986)。The timing of puberty and its relationship to adolescent and parent perceptions of family interactions。Developmental Psychology，22(3)，342-347。  new window
15.Hycner, R. H.(1985)。Some guidelines for the phenomenological analysis of interview data。Human Studies，8(3)，279-303。  new window
學位論文
1.謝淑敏(1993)。諮商歷程中好的時機之分析研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.王嚮蕾(1994)。原生家庭父母自我分化與青少年自我分化、焦慮之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學，台北。  延伸查詢new window
3.惠風(1995)。大一學生原生家庭經驗、心理分離：個體化、與情緖適應之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.楊淑萍(1995)。青少年依附關係、自我尊重與生涯發展之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Kroger, J.(1989)。Identity in adolescence: The balance between self and other。Routledge。  new window
2.Bowlby, J.(1973)。Attachment and loss: Separation, Anxiety and anger。New York：Basic Books。  new window
3.Pine, F.(1985)。Developmental theory and clinical process。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
4.Bowen, Murray(1978)。Family therapy in clinical practice。Jason Aronson。  new window
5.Mahler, M. S.、Pine, F.、Bergman, A.(1975)。The Psychological birth of the human infant。New York：Basic Books。  new window
6.Bloom, M. V.(1980)。Adolescent-parental separation。New York：Gardner Press。  new window
7.Rice, L. N.、Greenberg, L. S.(1984)。Patterns of Change: Intensive Analysis of Psychotherapy Process。New York：The Guilford Press。  new window
8.Blos, P.(1979)。The adolescent passage: Developmental issue。NY：International University Press。  new window
9.Bowlby, J.(1971)。Attachment and loss: Attachment。London：Pelican Books。  new window
10.Gilligan, C.(1982)。In a different voice: Psychological theory and womans' development。Cambridge, Massachusetts：Harvard University Press。  new window
11.Bowlby, J.(1982)。Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment。New York：Basic Books。  new window
12.許烺光(1989)。中國人與美國人。臺北：巨流。  延伸查詢new window
13.Erikson, Erik Homburger(1963)。Childhood and Society。W. W. Norton Publishing Co.。  new window
圖書論文
1.楊國樞(1988)。中國人之孝道觀念的分析。中國人的蛻變。台北：桂冠圖書公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Hsu, F. L. K.(1985)。The self in cross-cultural perspective。Culture and Self: Asian and Western perspectives。Tavistock。  new window
3.Adelson, J.、Doehrman, M. J.(1980)。The psychodynamic approach to adolescence。Handbook of Adolescent Psychology。NY：Wiley。  new window
4.Elliott, R.(1984)。A discovery-oriented apporach to significant change events in psychotherapy: Interpersonal process recall and comprehensive process analysis。Patterns of Change。CA：Sage。  new window
 
 
 
 
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