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題名:幼稚園行銷管理指標建構與衡量之研究
作者:黃奕碩
校院名稱:高雄師範大學
系所名稱:教育學系
指導教授:鄭彩鳳
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2009
主題關鍵詞:幼稚園行銷管理指標建構衡量kindergartenmarketing managementindexes constructionmeasurement
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幼稚園行銷管理指標建構與衡量之研究
摘 要
本研究之目的在建構幼稚園的行銷管理指標,並瞭解幼稚園相關人員對行銷管理重要性與現況之看法。研究中採用半結構訪談及問卷調查法。其中半結構訪談對象共選取幼稚園園長、幼稚園學生家長、主管幼稚教育之教育行政人員、具幼教專長之學者專家,共十五人為訪談對象。問卷調查對象包括園長、教師及家長等,共寄出1800份,共得有效問卷1176份。
本研究的具體發現如下:
一、結合文獻理論及教育現場半結構訪談結果,幼稚園行銷管理可歸納為情勢分析、區隔與定位、行銷組合、行銷組織與執行、行銷結果評鑑等五項領域、十五個層面、五十一項指標,兼採理論與實務,深具實用性。
二、「幼稚園行銷管理指標調查問卷」在資料分析上,經探索性因素分析及二階驗證性因素分析,其結果證實本問卷具有良好的信度與效度。
三、就行銷管理五項領域而言,幼稚園相關人員認為「行銷結果評鑑」領域重要性高、「行銷組合」重要性低。
四、就幼稚園行銷管理十五項層面而言,幼稚園相關人員認為「學童表現」、「產品策略」重要性高、「推廣策略」重要性低。
五、就幼稚園行銷管理五項領域而言,幼稚園相關人員認為在現況上,以「行銷結果評鑑」表現最佳,「行銷組織與執行」、「行銷組合」表現有待改進。
六、就幼稚園行銷管理十五項層面而言,幼稚園相關人員認為在現況上,「學童表現」表現最佳、「推廣策略」表現有待改進。
七、幼稚園相關人員對行銷管理之期待與現實間存有落差,且呈現出重要性高於現況,尤以「行銷組織與執行」領域為甚。
八、園所人員、園所規模大、私立幼稚園、北部區之幼稚園相關人員較重視幼稚園之行銷管理。
九、園長、園所規模大、私立幼稚園、北部地區之幼稚園相關人員認為目前幼稚園在行銷管理上表現較佳。
根據上述之研究結論,提出如下之建議:
一、對幼稚園教育人員的建議
(一)幼稚園園長可利用本研究所建構的行銷管理指標進行自我檢核
(二)幼稚園園長應採以身作則的行銷領導
(三)園所應設置行銷專責組別及人員
(四)加強「行銷組合」、「行銷組織與執行」領域的落實
(五)規模小之幼稚園應具明確的市場定位
(六)公立幼稚園宜適度鬆綁體制,激勵教職員工之士氣
(七)台灣地區中、南、東部地區幼稚園宜加強對家長之消費者分析
二、對教育行政機關之建議
(一)針對本研究所建構的幼稚園行銷管理指標內涵,開辦相關課程及研習
(二)獎勵公立幼稚園行銷活動之推廣,激發公私立幼稚園之良性競爭
A Study on the Construction and Measurement of Kindergarten
Marketing Management Indexes
Abstract
This study was intended to construct the marketing management indexes of kindergarten and to find out the opinions of kindergarten personnel on the importance and current situation of marketing management. Semi-structured interview and questionnaire survey were adopted in this study. For semi-structured interview, 15 objects including headmasters, parents of children, executive personnel in charge of pre-school education, experts of pre-school education were interviewed. Objects of questionnaire survey included headmasters, kindergarteners and parents, altogether 1,800 questionnaires were sent and 1,176 valid replies were received.
Findings of this study are as follows:
1.According to theories of documents and results of on-site semi-structured interviews, kindergarten marketing management can be summarized into 5 fields including situation analysis, differentiation and positioning, marketing mix, marketing organization and implementation as well as appraisal of marketing results, which can be further divided into 15 aspects and 51 indexes, which combine theories with practice and is highly practical.
2.According to results of the Questionnaire Survey on Kindergarten Marketing Management Indexes through exploratory factor analysis and two-order confirmatory factor analysis, it is proven that this questionnaire survey is provided with fine credibility and effectiveness.
3.As for the 5 fields of marketing management, kindergarten-related consider “appraisal of marketing results” to be highly importance, and “marketing mix” to be less important.
4.As for the 15 aspects of marketing management, kindergarten-related personnel consider “performance of children” and “product strategy” to be highly important, and “promotional strategies” to be less important.
5.As for the 5 fields of marketing management, kindergarten-related consider “appraisal of marketing results” to have the best performance, and “marketing organization and implementation” and “marketing mix” to have the worst performance in current situation.
6.As for the 15 aspects of marketing management, kindergarten-related consider “performance of children” to have the best performance, and “promotional strategies” to have the worst performance in current situation.
7.There is fall between the expectation of kindergarten-related and the reality, moreover, the importance seems to be higher that the current situation, especially in the field of “marketing organization and implementation”.
8.Personnel related to large kindergartens, private kindergartens and kindergartens in the north areas pay more attention to the marketing management of kindergarten.
9.Headmasters, personnel related to large kindergartens, private kindergartens and kindergartens in the north areas consider existing kindergartens to have poor performance in marking management.
The following suggestions are proposed according to the results above:
1.Suggestions for education personnel of kindergartens:
(1)Headmasters may carry out self-inspection with the marketing management indexes constructed according to this study;
(2)Headmasters should set themselves as the marketing leaders;
(3)Kindergartens should establish special marketing teams and allocate special personnel;
(4)The implementation of “marketing mix” and “marketing organization and implementation” should be reinforced;
(5)Small kindergartens should have clear market positioning;
(6)Public kindergartens should untie school system moderately and inspire morale of kindergarten personnel;
(7)Kindergartens in central, south and east Taiwan should strengthen the analysis of consumers;
2.Suggestions for education authorities:
(1)To offer relevant courses and seminars according to the connotations of the kindergarten marketing management indexes constructed in this study;
(2)To reward public kindergartens for promotion of marketing activities so as to stimulate benign competition between kindergartens.
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