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題名:以民眾觀點探討環境影響評估制度
書刊名:臺灣土地研究
作者:徐世榮 引用關係許紹峰
作者(外文):Hsu, Shih-jungHsu, Shao-feng
出版日期:2001
卷期:2
頁次:頁101-130
主題關鍵詞:土地開發環境影響評估制度科技決定論民眾參與環境規劃賦權公民投票公民訴訟Land development institutionsEnvironmental impact assessmentEIATechnological determinismEmpowermentCitizen participation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(14) 博士論文(5) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:14
  • 共同引用共同引用:92
  • 點閱點閱:88
環境影響評估制度的最主要功能是要解決經濟發展與環保抗爭的衝突,然而實施多年之後,可以感受的到上述目標仍然沒有能夠達成,環保抗爭仍然充斥於我們的社會,土地的開發依舊是荊棘滿佈。為什麼會如此呢?本文於深入探討之後,主張問題的關鍵乃是在於目前的環境影響評估制度依然是建基於科技決定論的意識型態,一般民眾仍然是沒有實質參與的機會。然而,經濟開發及環境影響評估皆應該是屬於公共政策制訂的範疇,在此開發過程之中,民眾的參與應該扮演著非常重要的角色。尤其是政策的制訂通常是一種主觀的價值選擇,而不是猶如科技決定論者所謂的客觀事實的認定。因此,在一個民主社會裡,選擇的權力應該是保留在民眾的手中,也唯有經由民主的參與才可以促進理性目標的達成。本文由此立論出發,在理論建構及實務評估之後,認為目前環境影響評估制度最主要的缺失乃是缺乏民眾的參與,並提出五點改進的意見:(一)納入「社會影響評估」或是「環境正義評 估」;(二)轉移環境影響評估報告書製作的權責單位;(三)賦權予地方進行環境影響評估;(四)重組環境影響評估審查委員會;(五)公民訴訟制度的引進,希望上述意見的提出能夠讓大家一起來省思環境影響評估制度未來可能的改進方向。本文認為透過民主參與制度的引進,或將可以解決目前的衝突景象,並使環境影響評估制度真正的落實。
The key objective of the institution of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to resolve the conflict between economic development and environmental protest. Ironically, the protest activities do not decrease because of the implementation of the EIA in Taiwan. The development for industrial zones still causes violent protests coming from local communities. Why the EIA does not work? The paper argues that it is because the EIA is still based upon the ideology of technological determinism, and local communities are excluded from the EIA institution. Land development and the EIA should be in the domain of public policy decision, and citizens' participation is therefore very important in this sense. The choice of public policy is usually related with subjective value, never restricted only within objective facts. Thus, power of choice should be kept in the hands of citizens. Citizens and local communities should be empowerment to own a relative autonomous position related to the state government and business conglomerates. Nowadays, the major shortcoming of the EIA is lacked of democratic participation, which is the best way for the success of the EIA. The paper maintains that local communities should have the power for the preparation of the EIA reports. In addition, many other suggestions are also submitted in the paper. Above all, the authors believe that with the inclusion of citizens in the institution of EIA the conflicts within economic development and environmental protection could be resolved.
期刊論文
1.Edelstein, M. R.(1986)。Disabling Communities: The Impact of Regulatory Proceedings。Journal of Environmental Systems,16(2),87-110。  new window
2.邱聰智(199106)。環境影響評估制度執行成果之探討。輔仁法學,10,1-26。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Davidoff, P.(1965)。Advocacy and pluralism in planning。Readings in planning theory,31(4),331-338。  new window
4.顧忠華(19940900)。「風險社會」的概念及其理論意涵。國立政治大學學報,69(下),57-79。  延伸查詢new window
5.Innes, Judith E.、Booher, David E.(1999)。Consensus building as role playing and bricolage: toward a theory of collaborative planning。Journal of the American Planning Association,65(1),9-26。  new window
6.Meyerson, M.(1956)。Building the middle-range bridge for comprehensive planning。Journal of the American Institutes of Planners,12,58-64。  new window
7.Forester, J.(1989)。Planning in the Face of Power。Journal of the American Planning Association,48(2),67-80。  new window
8.孫治本(20000600)。風險抉擇與形而上倫理學。當代,36=154,20-35。  延伸查詢new window
9.徐世榮(20000100)。如何規劃一個永續發展的社會?。經社法制論叢,25,231-255。  延伸查詢new window
10.徐世榮(19950200)。試論科技在地方環保抗爭運動中所扮演的角色--以後勁反五輕抗爭為例。臺灣社會研究季刊,18,125-152。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.行政院環境保護署(1998)。專欄二:環境影響評估沿革、績效與檢討。環保政策月刊,2(1)。  延伸查詢new window
12.Gismondi, M.(1997)。Sociology and Environmental Impact Assessment。Canadian Journal of Sociology,22(4),457-479。  new window
13.Grabow, S.、Heskin, A.(1973)。Foundations for a Radical Concept of Planning。Journal of the American Planning Association,39(2),106-114。  new window
14.Harris, B.(1960)。Plan or Projection: An Examination of the Use of Models in Planning。Journal of the American Institute of Planning,26,265-272。  new window
15.Innes, J.(1998)。Information in Communicative Planning。Journal of the American Planning Association,64,52-63。  new window
16.Redclift, M.(1988)。Sustainable Development and the Market: A Framework for Analysis。Futures,December,635-650。  new window
17.Norgaard, R. B.(1988)。Sustainable Development: A Co-Evolutionary View。Futures,December,606-620。  new window
會議論文
1.王俊秀、蕭新煌(1989)。環境影響評估的社會範疇及其評估--由理論到實際。環境影響評估研討會。台北:淡江大學。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.顧忠華、鄭文輝(1993)。「風險社會」之研究及其對公共政策之意涵 (計畫編號:NSC82-0301-H-004-014)。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.林正壹(1989)。環境影響評估之民眾參與方式之研究--台灣地區個案研究(碩士論文)。國立中興大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳良榕(1998)。我們為何不能說不?從濱南案的環境影響評估看環保抗爭(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.劉力仁(1995)。臺灣地區環境影響評估制度之研究(1975-1995):歷史結構視野的分析(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Rosenberg, N.(1972)。Technology and American Economic Growth。Armonk:M. E. Sharpe。  new window
2.Nelkin, D.(1974)。Jetport: The Boston Airport Controversy。New Brunswick, NJ:Transaction Books。  new window
3.REDCLIFT, MICHAEL(1987)。Sustainable Development: Exploring the Contradictions。London, UK:Routledge。  new window
4.Friedmann, J.(1973)。Retracking American : A Theory of Transactive Planning。Garden City:Doubleday and Anchor。  new window
5.蕭新煌(1991)。我們只有一個臺灣:反污染、生態保育與環境運動。臺北:圓神出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.陳聖怡(1982)。工業區的開發。臺北市:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
7.葉俊榮(1993)。環境政策與法律。臺北市:月旦出版公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.許松根、莊朝榮(1991)。我國工業用地政策之探討。臺北:中央研究院經濟研究所。  延伸查詢new window
9.蕭新煌(1988)。七〇年代反污染自力救濟的結構與過程分析。台北:行政院環保署。  延伸查詢new window
10.Meyerson, M.、Banfield, Edward C.(1955)。Politics, planning and the public interest: The case of public housing in Chicago。The Free Press。  new window
11.Lukes, Steven Michael(1974)。Power: A Radical View。Macmillan Press。  new window
12.Beck, Ulrich、Ritter, Mark(1992)。Risk Society。London:Sage。  new window
13.Beauregard, R.(1978)。Planning in an Advanced Capitalist State。Planning Theory in the 1980's: A Search for Future Directions。New Brunswick, NJ。  new window
14.陳立夫(1999)。土地開發法規與開發行為。土地開發論。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
15.邱聰智(1986)。公害法原理。公害法原理。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
16.徐世榮、陳志仲(1999)。土壤污染後土地再利用問題之探討-以桃園縣蘆竹鄉鎘污染事件為例。現代地政理論:殷教授章甫七秩華誕祝壽論文集。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
17.Beauregard, R.(1996)。Between Modernity and Postmodernity: The Ambiguous Position of U. S. Planning。Readings in Planning Theory。Cambridge。  new window
18.Forester, J.(1996)。Learning from Practice Stories: The Priority of Practical Judgment。Readings in Planning Theory。Cambridge。  new window
19.Goldsteen, R. L.、Schorr, J. K.(1991)。Demanding Democracy after Three Mile Island。Demanding Democracy after Three Mile Island。Gainesville。  new window
20.Redclift, M.(1994)。Sustainable Development: Economics and the Environment。Strategies for Sustainable Development: Local Agendas for the South。New York, NY。  new window
21.National Environmental Justice Advisory Council(1996)。Public Dialogues on Urban Revitalization and Brownfields: Envisioning Healthy and Sustainable Communities。Public Dialogues on Urban Revitalization and Brownfields: Envisioning Healthy and Sustainable Communities。沒有紀錄。  new window
22.United States Environmental Protection Agency(1992)。Environmental Equity: Reducing Risk for all Communities Volumes 1。Environmental Equity: Reducing Risk for all Communities Volumes 1。Washington, DC。  new window
23.United States Environmental Protection Agency(1992)。Environmental Equity: Reducing Risk for all Communities Volumes 2。Environmental Equity: Reducing Risk for all Communities Volumes 2。Washington, DC。  new window
其他
1.大東亞石油化學股份有限公司(1997)。濱南工業區開發計畫-石化綜合廠、精緻一貫作業鋼廠與工業專用港環境影響評估報告書(初稿),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
2.科學工業園區管理局(2001)。新竹科學工業園區第四期擴建用地銅鑼基地開發計畫環境影響評估報告書(定稿本),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
3.(1994)。Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice Issues in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations,沒有紀錄。  new window
4.M. E. Brooks Consultants, Inc.(1988)。中國石油股份有限公司第五輕油裂解工場計畫環境影響評估報告(本文),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Fischer, F.(1996)。Risk assessment and environmental crisis: Toward an integration of science and participation。Reading in Planning Theory。Cambridge:Blackwell Publishers Inc.。  new window
2.Freudenberg, N.、Steinsapir, C.(1992)。Not In Our Backyards: The Grassroots Environmental Movement。American Environmentalism: The U. S. Environmental Movement。Philadelphia, PA:Taylor & Francis。  new window
3.Healey, P.(1996)。Planning through debate: the communicative turn in planning theory。Readings in Planning Theory。Cambridge:Blackwell。  new window
 
 
 
 
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