《郁離子》為劉基出仕朱明之前所著述的寓言作品。書中除了傳述劉基的思想主張之外，亦可憑藉此書一探劉基仕明之原委。本文主要察考元末史實，就任賢之命題切入，位於劉基出仕原委及《郁離子》之著意與諷喩，加以研析。首先分析《郁離子》之著述背景與著作旨意，其次就元廷之種族歧視政策、元末政局小人當道及賢才鬱志難伸等三方面，呈現劉基對於賢人政治的關切，更反映劉基現實的遭遇。最後，則針對可能為劉基入明之後依託舊作所撰的論相諸篇加以討論。藉此觀察劉基與朱元璋的互動關係，更可以理解：後人每喜稱述劉基翊運朱明的神話，實為偽造之辭。

Yu Li Zi writen by Liu Ji is a fable in the late Yuan dynasty. We can look for the clues to Jiu ji's political careert by this book. This paper will discuss the conception about the appointment of wise in this book. Particularly, focuses on the social situation and the racist polices in the late Yuan dynasty. And again, discuss Liu Ji's conception about the appointment of permier.