The purpose of this research was to understand the cognition and attitude toward ecotourism among elementary school teachers in Pingtung County, the impact of different background variables in the ecotourism cognition and attitude, and then to explore the relationship between the cognition and attitude of ecotourism among these teachers. This study adopted questionnaire surveys, which were the scale of ecotourism cognition of elementary school teachers and the scale of ecotourism attitude of elementary school teachers, compiled by the researcher. The participants were the elementary school teachers in Pingtung County. Four hundred questionnaires were sent out. 391 were back, and 375 were valid responses among them, which reached a return rate of 95.5%. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS 12.0 for Windows with Descriptive statistics, descriptive statistics, one-way MANOVA, post-hoc analysis of Scheffe method, and Pearson's correlation. The results of this study were as follows: The level of ecotourism cognition for the elementary school teachers in Pingtung County is truly high, and their attitude is positive as well, reaching at least medium-high level. Teachers with different background variables have no significant differences on the cognition toward ecotourism. The cognition toward ecotourism of teachers with different participating conditions have a significant different background variable which is "have ever participated in ecotourism activities", and there was no significant difference for other different background variables. Teachers with different background variables have no significant differences on the attitude toward ecotourism. The attitude toward ecotourism of teachers with different participating conditions have a significant different background variable which is "have ever participated in ecotourism activities", and there was no significant difference for other different background variables. This research found the significant correlations between elementary school teachers' cognition and the attitude toward ecotourism.