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題名:都市空氣污染防治系統動態分析
作者:陳美智
作者(外文):Mei-Chih Chen
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:都市計劃學系碩博士班
指導教授:何東波
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:整體思考系統動態學永續都市環境政策高階管理決策信心Holistic thinkingSystem Dynamicssustainable cityenvironmental policyhigh-level managementdecision confidence
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(3) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:211
過度專注於經濟成長的都市,通常會產生:人口持續成長、交通壅塞、都市蔓延,及環境品質低落等等問題與現象。因此,欲成為永續都市,政府當局必須面對和管理這些複雜、動態的都市環境問題。然而,在環境決策的過程中,高階管理者面臨的最大挑戰是具備連鎖回饋、動態複雜和累積延滯等特質的環境污染問題。其牽涉的部門和領域廣及社會、經濟與環境等多方面,故學習如何以整體觀、跨部門合作的系統思考方式,處理都市的環境污染等環境管理問題,已經成為國際間都市追求永續發展的必然趨勢。
然而,面對都市複雜變化的環境問題,如何在多部門的不同政策當中確定整體目標,釐清問題發生原委,觀察各部門政策行動的交互作用,並且瞭解都市環境問題未來的發展趨勢,以制定永續環境政策來確保都市的永續發展;這些都是都市高階管理者學習制定永續環境政策過程中重要的議題。本研究發現系統動態學方法論(System Dynamics)具備以整體觀整合動態、複雜的環境管理問題,各部門政策的衝突及模擬政策長期績效的特質,可以協助高階管理者在環境決策的過程,制定永續環境政策,並且提高環境決策信心和品質。
據此,本研究藉由臺北市空氣污染防治政策分析之環境管理案例,利用系統動態學方法論的整體觀系統思考模式,協助從臺北市運輸活動和都市發展的複雜、動態關係來建立系統結構,進行空氣污染問題之因果質性分析,以確認臺北市空氣污染之問題根源。並且,利用系統動態量化模式之長期動態模擬功能,從實施綠覆率、土地總量管制、及大眾運輸系統等不同領域之永續發展政策,探討其長期發展對於臺北市空氣污染防治的效果,以說明過去在都市空氣污染防治政策中較少提及的土地總量管制政策,對於都市空氣污染問題的防治效果,確實優於以往較受到重視的實施綠覆率和大眾運輸系統政策。最後,本研究再據臺北市空氣污染防治政策分析之環境管理案例之研究結果,進一步討論系統動態學在輔助環境管理與高階決策過程的優勢與顯著貢獻。
Cities focus on economic growth often produces rapid population growth, traffic congestion, city sprawl, and environmental degradation. The aim to be sustainable cities, governments must face and manage the complex and dynamic urban environmental problems. When developing an environmental policy, the characteristics of chain feedback, dynamic complexity, and cumulative delay on environmental problems that concern society, economy and environment are great challenges to urban top managers. Therefore, learning how to deal urban environmental problems applies multi-departments cooperation way and system thinking with holistic view for assistance has increasingly becoming an international tendency for urban sustainable development.
Urban top managers must learn how to integrate the general aim, clarify reasons of environmental problems, observe the interactive results of multi-departments policies, and realize the future tendency of urban environmental problems, which are very important subjects of developing a sustainable environmental policy. This investigation discovers System Dynamics has holistic view and particular characteristics to integrate the environmental management problems of great complexity and conflicts within interrelated departments, and the ability to simulate long-term results of policies; which can support top managers to learn how to make appropriate environmental policies for urban sustainable development, and have confidences and promote policy quality to their long-term environmental decisions.
Accordingly, this investigation examines alternative sustainable development policies for air purification in Taipei, a high density city. The system dynamics approach is employed to analyze the causal relationships of air pollution problem primarily resulting from transportation and relating to the complex structure of urban development. Simulating and comparing the air purification effects of planting urban developed land, developable land quotas, and public transit investment policies in Taipei, Taiwan, demonstrates that the developable land quotas policy which previous was paid less attention appears possibly superior to the planting urban developed land and public transit investment policies, which previously were more popular for air purification policy. Finally, this investigation bases on the case study results of air purification in Taipei to discuss and demonstrate the advantages and significant contributions of the SD approach with holistic thinking for supporting urban top decisions of environmental management to develop the long-term sustainable environmental policy.
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