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題名:《道德經》「道」的開放性
作者:馬強
作者(外文):Steven L. Marsh
校院名稱:中國文化大學
系所名稱:哲學研究所
指導教授:石朝穎 葉海煙
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2008
主題關鍵詞:開放性老子非物質性跨文化哲學Lao ZiDaoOpennessImmaterial. Cross-cultural Philosophy
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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老子在《道德經》描述的〈道〉,毫無疑問地在中國思想裡發揮重要的角色。本論文的目的在於通過《道德經》思想脈搏,以突顯〈道〉的開放性的理論。本人以為中國思想家之所以能從老子〈道〉找出靈感,主要是因為〈道〉本身是個開放的觀念。論文內容將通過古代希臘哲學概念跟老子的〈道〉做比較,繼而證明老子的〈道〉比logos與apeiron的觀念更為開放。因為Heraclitus 與Anaximander 把logos與apeiron當物質性的概念,而老子的〈道〉卻是個非物質概念。〈道〉具有一種‘純前能’的意思,亦即現象世界前包含所有的可能性。〈道〉的開放性在於它是無限制與無窮無盡創造的來源。關於〈道〉開放性這點, 個人以為〈道〉可以當跨文化哲學對話的新起點。
Abstract:
The Dao as described by Lao Zi in the Chinese philosophical classic the Dao De Jing has undoubtedly played an important part in the development of Chinese thought. It is the purpose of this thesis to trace the thinking in the Dao De Jing and develop a theory that the inherent openness of the Dao is what has allowed Chinese thinkers through the ages to derive inspiration from the Dao De Jing. I would then like to make a comparison of Lao Zi’s Dao with some early Greek philosophical notions, namely the logos of Heraclitus, the aperion of Anaximander and the notion of nothingness as explained by Parimenides. The reason for doing so is to show how the Dao in the Dao De Jing is a more open idea than these notions. The main crux of the argument is that while the above-mentioned pre-Socratic thinkers took the arche or underlying reason for creation as a material notion, Lao Zi gave us the Dao, which is immaterial in nature and thus not limited by the world of things. The Dao thus is pure potential, the encompassing of all possibility before the is any manifestation of difference. The openness of the Dao is found in the fact that it is an unlimiting and inexhaustible source of creation. I would then like to propose that the Dao could be a starting point of new dialogue in world philosophy due to its very philosophical openness.
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