The major object of this study is to understand the background of baseball development in Taiwan and to see the development and change of elementary school baseball during 1945~1968. The study employed the bibliography analysis method; hence newspaper, journal, thesis, magazine, and other related reports covering the particular period were compiled to describe the development of elementary school baseball. Three findings of this study is as follows: A. Early post-recovery period Taiwan harbored deep sentiments for baseball and the general eagerness for baseball and the general eagerness for the development of the sport led to the baseball league craze in Taiwan. Under the promotion of sports aficionado, many elementary schools formed their baseball teams r; hence the post-recovery period was the golden era of baseball in Taiwan. B. Accord to the pressure of education competition since 1951, and economic situation was depressant, place and facility were unable to be improved. Consequently, in stead of being prosperous in the initial period of Restoration, baseball promotion became weaker due to the shortage of resource. C. Multitudinous influential factors of baseball improved gradually and be taken a turn for the better since 1961. Obligative education of nine years put into effect and Red Leaf baseball team rised in 1968, little league in Taiwan moved forward a thrilling sight.