本文探討日治時期的中文圖書出版業，包括中文圖書的出版、進口及中文書店的經營。當時中文圖書出版的種類，有詩集、文集、善書及私塾教科書等，但是面對日本殖民政治對漢文的壓抑，出版品受到法令、語言等各方面的限制，中文書的出版僅佔當時出版品少部分；新興知識份子開始從事文化啟蒙運動，從大陸進口的圖書，經營中文書店，因此幾家具規模中文書店的創辦者，皆為當時文化人士，特殊的知識背景，使得這些書店格外受到官方的監視，書店的經營更加困難；此時的中文圖書由表達思想感情、傳播知識的工具，變為知識份子的自覺，及其思潮趨向的象徵。

This article examines the Chinese book publishing business during the period of Japanese Colonial rule in Taiwan. First of all, A brief description of the categories involved in Chinese book publication: old-style private school textbooks, poetry, vernacular Chinese anthologies, and general histories of Taiwan. There were also three constraints on books being published at that time: constraint by "Taiwan Publishing Rules" from a political view, from a cultural view, constraint by use of languages, and by subject, constraint due to a lack of materials during wartime. Except for local publications, publications imported from mainland China shared much of the market. Some founders of the major Chinese bookstores were famous intellectuals, i.e.蔣清水、莊垂勝, et al. This article includes the challenges involved in running these bookstores at that time. Via the study of the Chinese book publication industry during the period of Japanese Colonial rule of Taiwan, we can better understand the Chinese book business and its characteristics.