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題名：找魚：後現代社會科學研究倫理試論
書刊名：政治科學論叢
作者：石之瑜 引用關係／王宏仁／李偉俠／李樹山
作者(外文)：Shih, Chih-yu／Wang, Hung-jen／Li, Wei-hsia／Li, Shu-shan
出版日期：2004
卷期：20
頁次：頁79-102
主題關鍵詞：社會科學；知識論；本體論；異己；暴力；Social science；Epistemology；Ontology；Alterity；Violence
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:56
  • 點閱點閱:31
　　　　　孟子說：魚與熊掌不可兼得。當某人選擇了熊掌而捨棄魚時，社會科學家便會開始好奇一個人選擇熊掌的理由。因為，對於社會科學主義者而言，社會科學的目的在於，如何藉由建立一套客觀的理論法則，將人的行為，根據可操控的因果關係來加以解釋並預測。找魚，乃是相對於熊掌而來。本篇文章旨在說明，在魚與掌可兼得情況下，熊掌作為一項選擇的前提，是魚必須也同時為一個真實的選擇，故社會科學的目的不只是解釋熊掌被選擇的理由，還要去找尋熊掌以外的可能性，發掘讓熊掌之所以成為一種選擇的魚是什麼。本文進一步指出，社會科學主義者追求對於人類行為的普遍性解釋，會構成一套封閉性的理論系統，為人類社的的生活帶來某種暴力性。因此，如何藉由「找魚」，打開原本封閉的解釋系統，指出任何行為選擇均不且備必然性，以及思考做為其他選項的「魚」，存在於未來的各種可能發展型態，是本文論證的重點。
　　　　　Contrary to the mainstream epistemology of social science, this paper argues that the mission of social science is more than explaining. It treats behavior as product of both situation and mind that is always undecidable until it happens. Accordingly, the mission of social science is to discover those other behavioral possibilities that could have occurred but did not. These possibilities are often explained away in theory-driven research, as if external, objective structures close them off. As a result, the actors under study are left without responsibility, to the extent that anyone in the same shoes would act in the same way. This paper borrows Mencius's analogy of himself deciding between a fish and bear's paws and eventually favoring the paws. The paper contends that Mencius did not really favor the paws. Based on this assumption, it is epistemologically imperative to discover the fish, which disappeared in Mencius's decision. It is the fish that made Mencius's choice of the paws a genuine choice, and Mencius, a real person.
期刊論文
1.石之瑜(20011200)。超級濫打兄弟--開啟後（現代）儒（家）政治學的可能性。思與言，39(4)，83-105。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Riker, William H.、Ordeshook, Peter C.(1968)。A Theory of the Calculus of Voting。American Political Science Review，62(1)，25-42。  new window
3.Wendt, Alexander(200312)。Why a World State is Inevitable?。European Journal of International Relations，9(4)，491-542。  new window
4.Wendt, Alexander E.(1992)。Anarchy is What States Make of It: the Social Construction of Power Politics。International Organization，46(2)，391-425。  new window
5.Naroll, R.(1965)。Galton's Problem: The Logic of Cross-cultural Research。Social Research，32，428-451。  new window
6.Levy, J. S.(1992)。An Introduction to Prospect Theory。Political Psychology，13(2)，171-186。  new window
學位論文
1.李偉俠(2003)。「客觀知識」的形塑--權力與認識論的分析(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學法教分處。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Husserl, Edmund、Cairns, Dorion(1973)。Cartesian Meditations: An Introduction to Phenomenology。Martinus Nijhoff。  new window
2.Paolini, A. J.(1999)。Navigating Modernity: Postcolonialism, Identity and International Relations。Boulder：Lynne Rienner Publishers。  new window
3.Popper, Karl R.、莊文瑞、李英明(1989)。開放社會及其敵人。臺北市：桂冠圖書。  延伸查詢new window
4.(1994)。Critique and Power: Recasting the Foucault/ Habermas Debate。Critique and Power: Recasting the Foucault/ Habermas Debate。Cambridge：MIT Press。  new window
5.O'Connor, Alice(2001)。Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-century U. S. History。Princeton ; London：Princeton University Press。  new window
6.Bentley, A. F.(1949)。The Process of Government。The Process of Government。Evanston, Ill.：Principia Press。  new window
7.韓培爾(1998)。社會科學方法論Q&A。臺北：風雲論壇。  延伸查詢new window
8.Rorty, Richard(1991)。Objectivity, relativism, and truth。Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Smith, Steve、Booth, Ken、Zalewski, Marysia(1996)。International Theory: Positivism and Beyond。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.彭懷恩(1999)。政治學方法論Q&A。臺北：風雲論壇出版社。  延伸查詢new window
11.賽爾曼•魯斯迪(2002)。魔鬼詩篇。台北：雅言文化。  延伸查詢new window
12.胡佛(1998)。政治學的科學探究（四）：政治變遷與民主化。臺北市：三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
13.Polanyi, Michael(1962)。Personal Knowledge: towards a Post-critical Philosophy。London：Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd。  new window
14.Sahlins, Marshall、王銘銘、胡宗澤(2000)。甜蜜的悲哀：西方宇宙觀的本土人類學探討。北京：生活．讀書．新知三聯書店。  延伸查詢new window
15.Gadamer, H. G.(1975)。Truth and Method。New York：The Continuum Publishing Corporation。  new window
16.Buber, Martin、陳維剛(1991)。我與你。臺北：久大文化。  延伸查詢new window
17.Taussig, Michael(1993)。Mimesis and Alterity: A Particular History of the Senses。New York：Routledge。  new window
18.石之瑜(20020000)。後現代的政治知識。臺北市：元照出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.石之瑜(19990000)。政治心理學。臺北：五南。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.Babbie, Earl、李美華、孔祥明、林嘉娟、王婷玉(1998)。社會科學研究方法。時英出版社。  延伸查詢new window
21.Foucault, Michel、劉北成、楊遠嬰(1992)。規訓與懲罰：監獄的誕生。桂冠圖書股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
22.Oakeshott, M.(1985)。Experience and Its Modes。Experience and Its Modes。Cambridge。  new window
23.杜維明(2000)。東亞价值與多元現代性。東亞价值與多元現代性。北京。  延伸查詢new window
24.Campbell, D.(1999)。The Deterritorialization of Responsibility: Levinas, Derrida and Ethics after the End of Philosophy。Moral Space: Rethinking Ethics and World Politics。Minneapolis, MN。  new window
25.Connolly, W.(1991)。Identity/ Difference: Democratic Negotiation of Political Paradox。Identity/ Difference: Democratic Negotiation of Political Paradox。Itasca, IL。  new window
26.Friedman, M.(1991)。The Methodology of Positive Economics。Explaining and Understanding International Relations。Oxford。  new window
27.蕭寶森(1995)。蘇菲的世界（上）。蘇菲的世界（上）。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
28.George, J.(1995)。Discourse of Global Politics。Discourse of Global Politics。Boulder。  new window
29.(1997)。Innovation and Transformation in International Studies。Innovation and Transformation in International Studies。Cambridge。  new window
30.Glass, J.(1993)。Shattered Selves: Multiple Personalities in a Postmodern World。Ithaca, New York：Cornell University Press。  new window
31.Levinas, E.(1969)。Tatality and Infinity。Tatality and Infinity。Pittsburgh。  new window
32.Merriam, C. E.(1969)。American Political Ideas: Studies in the Development of American Political Thought, 1865-1917。American Political Ideas: Studies in the Development of American Political Thought, 1865-1917。New York, NY。  new window
33.(1999)。Culture and Global Change。Culture and Global Change。London, UK。  new window
34.Wallas, G.(1920)。Human Nature in Politics。Human Nature in Politics。London, UK。  new window
圖書論文
1.Dirlik, Arif(1997)。The Postcolonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism。Dangerous Liaisons: Gender, Nation, and Postcolonial Perspectives。Minneapolis：University of Minnesota Press。  new window
2.Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty(1988)。Can the Subaltern Speak?。Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture。University of Illinois Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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