| 期刊論文| 1. | Gerdes, H.、Mallinckrodt, B.(1994)。Emotional, Social, and Academic Adjustment of College Students: A Longitudinal Study of Retention。Journal of Counseling and Development，72(3)，281-288。   | | 2. | Gottfried, A. E.、Gottfried, A. W.、Fleming, J. S.(2001)。Continuity of academic intrinsic motivation from childhood through late adolescence: A longitudinal study。Journal of Educational Psychology，93(1)，3-13。 | | 3. | Ainley, M. D.(1993)。Styles of engagement with learning: Multidimensional assessment of their relationship with strategy use and school achievement。Journal of Educational Psychology，85(3)，395-405。 | | 4. | 廖張京棣、劉若蘭、盧惠文、徐麗明(19960300)。護專學生讀書與人際習慣及身心健康之關係。長庚護理，7(1)=13，37-44。 延伸查詢 | | 5. | 王月琴(19951200)。影響護專學生基本護理學學業成就相關因素之探討。輔英學報，15，53-68。 延伸查詢 | | 6. | Elliot, A. J.、Church, M. A.(1997)。A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motion。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，72，218-232。 | | 7. | Summers, J. J.、Schallert, D. L.、Ritter, P. M.(2003)。The role of social comparison in students' perceptions of ability: An enriched view of academic motivation in middle school students。Contemporary Educational Psychology，28，510-523。 | | 8. | Thompson, T.、Le Fevre, C.(1999)。Implications of manipulating anticipatory attributions on the strategy use of defensive pessimists and strategic optimists。Personality and Individual Differences，26(5)，887-904。 | | 9. | 李介至(20031200)。班級教室結構對護理科學生成就目標導向、自我調節學習與學業成就之影響。技術及職業教育學報，7，85-98。 延伸查詢 | | 10. | 黃心樹、許博厚、林麗鳳(20020500)。護專學生低成就的影響因素與學習需求之研究。中臺學報・醫護卷，13，49-67。 延伸查詢 | | 11. | Boekaerts, M.(1987)。Individual differences in the appraisal of learning tasks: An integrative view on emotion and cognition。Communication and cognition，20(2)，207-224。 | | 12. | Meltzer, L. J.、Reddy, R.、Pollica, L. S.、Roditi, B.、Sayer, J.、Theokas, C.(2004)。Positive and negative self-perceptions: Is there a cyclical relationship between teachers' and students' perceptions of effort, strategy use, and academic performance?。Learning Disabilities Research & Practice，19(1)，33-44。 | | 13. | Middleton, M. J.、Midgley, C.(2002)。Beyond motivation: Middle school students' perceptions of press for understanding in math。Contemporary Educational Psychology，27(3)，373-391。 | | 14. | Peres, C.、Cury, F.、Famose, J.、Sarrazin, P.(2002)。When anxiety is not always a handicap in physical education and sport: Some implications of the defensive pessimism strategy。European Journal of Sport Science，2(1)，1-9。 | | 15. | Thompson, T.、Hepburn, J.(2003)。Causal uncertainty, claimed and behavioral self-handicapping。British Journal of Educational Psychology，73，247-266。 | | 16. | Martin, A. J.、Marsh, H. W.、Williamson, A.、Debus, R. L.(2003)。Self-handicapping, defensive pessimism, and goal orientation: A qualitative study of university students。Journal of Educational Psychology，95(3)，617-628。 | | 17. | Skaalvik, E. M.(1997)。Self-enhancing and self-defeating ego orientation: Relations with task and avoidance orientation, achievement, self-perceptions, and anxiety。Journal of Educational Psychology，89(1)，71-81。 | | 18. | Turner, J. C.、Midgley, C.、Meyer, D. K.、Gheen, M.、Anderman, E. M.、Kang, Y.、Patrick, H.(2002)。The classroom environment and students' reports of avoidance strategies in mathematics: A multimethod study。Journal of Educational Psychology，94(1)，88-106。 | | 19. | Krejcie, Robert V.、Morgan, Daryle W.(1970)。Determining sample size for research activities。Educational and Psychological Measurement，30(3)，607-610。 | | 20. | Martin, A. J.、Marsh, H. W.、Debus, R. L.(2001)。A quadripolar need achievement representation of self-handicapping and defensive pessimism。American Educational Research Journal，38(3)，583-610。 | 研究報告| 1. | 教育部統計處(2004)。中華民國教育統計。台北：教育部。 延伸查詢 | 圖書| 1. | Covington, M. V.(1992)。Making the grade: A self-worth perspective on motivation and school reform。New York, NY：Holt, Rinehart, & Winston：Cambridge University Press。 | | 2. | 邱皓政(2003)。結構方程模式--LISREL的理論、技術與應用。雙葉書廊。 延伸查詢 | | 3. | 陳正昌、程炳林、陳新豐、劉子健(2008)。多變量分析方法--統計軟體應用。五南。 延伸查詢 | 圖書論文| 1. | Aronson, Elliot、WIlson, Timothy D.、Akert, Robin M.(1994)。Self-understanding: How do we know ourselves?。Social Psychology: The heart and the mind。New York：HarperCollins College Publishers。 | | 2. | Norem, Julie K.(2001)。Defensive Pessimism, Optimism, and Pessimism。Optimism & Pessimism: Implications for Theory, Research, and Practice。American Psychological Association。 | |