The aged population ratio increased on Taiwan, but the neonatal population ratio reduced year by year. This situation may let aged-caring be an important policy issue in the future. In the legislator campaign in 1992, the claim of national pension has advocated for the first time. Up to now, the national pension has reached consensus in Executive Yuan and finished legitimization process in July, 2007. In process of policy planning, agencies of Council for Planning and Development and Ministry of the Interior have responsible for plan the National Pension Protocol. There are three alternatives for the initiation of National Pension System—“system of defined contribution”, “system of taxation”, “system of social insurance”. This article utilizes the modes of policy argumentative analysis developed by William Dunn to analyze the different alternatives of National Pension System. Especially the “value-critical mode”and “explanatory mode” of policy argument. And then to discuss the adaptability of three different alternatives. Through the comparative study and argumentative analysis, this article has three main findings. First, National Pension Protocol of defined contribution system is overleaping benefit of the disadvantaged minority, so the political feasibility will be a serious problem. Second, the system of taxation has the ethos of fair and justice, but the system of taxation is likely to raise the problem of government failure. At last, the system of social insurance have advantage of the others, therefore the system of social insurance is the “middle way” , but it’s drawback is a lack of compulsion.