本研究的目的是探討與冠心血管疾病男性抽菸病人出院後三個月內戒菸行爲相關的因素。採縱貫、相關設計法，利用二份結構式問卷和二次電話訪談來收集資料。採方便取樣，共有250人參加，而資料完整者爲148人。結果顯示出院後的三個月，43.9%的病人未再抽任何一口煙（持續戒菸者），33.8%的病人至少停止抽煙一天但未能維持三個月完全不抽（非持續戒菸者），尚有22.3%的病人無法停止抽煙超過一天（持續抽煙者）。以階層邏輯斯迴歸分析的結果顯示：嘗試戒菸者（指在出院後三個月內停止抽煙至少24小時以上的病患）與持續抽煙者相比，前者有較高的不抽煙的自我效能和接受到較多的正向的社會支持行爲。持續戒菸者與非持續戒菸者相比，前者有較長住院日數，有較高的不抽煙的自我效能，接受到較多的正向的社會支持行爲和較少的破壞性社會支持行爲。研究結果建議，自我效能、社會支持行爲等概念在預測戒菸行爲爲重要因素，應積極被應用在任何冠心血管疾病男性病患的戒菸處置。

The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with smoking cessation behavior among male adult smokers hospitalized for a cardiac event in Taiwan during the three-month period following their discharge from hospital. A longitudinal correlational design using two structured questionnaires and two phone interviews was employed to collect data. A convenient sampling was adopted. Among the 250 potential participants recruited, 148 provided completed data and were included as study subjects. Three months after hospital discharge, 43.9% of subjects were defined as "continuous abstainers" (i.e., not a single cigarette puff taken during this period), 33.8% were "non-continuous abstainers" (i.e., abstained for at least 1 day, but had smoked at some point during this period), and 22.3% were "continuous smokers" (i.e., had not abstained from smoking for any period equal to or exceeding 24 hours during this period). Multivariate analysis (hierarchical logistic regression) revealed that subjects with higher self-efficacy in not smoking and greater perceived positive family support were more likely to quit smoking for at least 24 hours (i.e., "attempters"). Attempters who stayed in hospital for longer periods of time, had higher self-efficacy in not smoking or perceived more positive and fewer negative family support behaviors were more likely to become continuous abstainers. These results suggest that self-efficacy and family support should be addressed in any intervention program targeting smoking cessation in male patients with coronary heart disease.