This article aims to examine the problem of political representation through the work of Schmitt, Arendt and Lefort. It first illustrates Schmitt's democratic theory, in which he tries to fashion political unity between the collective will of the people and the nation as a representative entity, by way of the sovereign's political decision on the exception. This theory of representation raises the criticism of Arendt and Lefort. For Arendt, Schmittian political representation is prone to sovereign dictatorship, instead of which Arendt tries to empower civic participation in public affairs without the mediation of a representative system. Against these two poles of the idea of political representation, Lefort argues that a democratic regime is characterized by the empty space of power and its symbolical representation. Owing to this characteristic, a democratic regime can neither establish a political unity between state and people as Schmitt elaborates, nor function without the mediation of political representation as Arendt proclaims. Following from this, Lefort affirms that we need to recognize the tension between the symbolic guiding ideas or principles and their concrete realization in a democratic regime.