近年來，少子高齡化的轉變是我國人口結構的主要變化特徵之一。然而，面對越來越多健康且有活力的高齡長者，中小學生們是否依然保有著敬老尊賢的傳統，抑或是受現代工商業社會年齡歧視的影響，而對老化與老年人抱持著迷思與偏見呢？為了瞭解中小學生的老化知識、態度與行為意向，本研究採用問卷調查法，蒐集南部7縣市1771位中小學生的意見。主要研究發現有四點：（1）中小學生的老化知識普遍不足、老化態度與行為意向也僅只屬於稍微正向而已；（2）居住於都會地區的中小學生，其老化知識、態度與行為意向皆較市鎮與鄉村地區的學生為佳；（3）性別屬於女性、家庭社經地位屬於較高和與高齡長者有著較頻繁互動的中小學生，其老化態度與行為意向皆較佳；（4）老化知識、態度與行為意向三者之間屬於是正相關，但是以老化態度較能有效地預測老化的行為意向。

The older population is gradually increasing, and people are living longer than before. However, older people are often portrayed as insignificant, unhealthy, sad, passive and dependent in the modern society. It is important to study the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior intention toward aging and older people held by the elementary and secondary students. 1771 elementary and secondary students participate in this study, and there are four main findings in this study. Firstly, elementary and secondary students do not know much about aging, and their attitudes and behavior intention toward aging are slightly positive. Secondly, elementary and secondary students living in the metropolitan area view more positively aging and older people than those living in towns and rural areas. Thirdly, the elementary and secondary students who are female, with high socio-economic status and frequent contact with older people show positive attitudes and behavior intention toward aging and older people. Finally, this study reveals that the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior intention toward aging are related, and the behavior intention toward aging are positive when the attitudes toward aging are positive.