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題名：中國的公民教育與威權韌性：教科書的政治社會化
書刊名：當代教育研究季刊
作者：宋佩芬 引用關係
作者(外文)：Sung, Pei-fen
出版日期：2014
卷期：22:2
頁次：頁93-131
主題關鍵詞：中國公民教育；制度化；中國民族主義；威權韌性；教科書分析；Chinese citizenship education；Institutionalization；Chinese nationalism；Authoritarian resilience；Textbook analysis
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:12
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2001年中國進行了基礎教育課程改革，而使其政治課及道德課程有了大幅度的轉變，然而其內涵為何，目前的研究仍十分有限。本研究透過詮釋性的文本分析檢視現行中國的初中及小學公民教科書，並從政治學的觀點發現「制度化」及「中國民族主義」對這些教科書的影響，其效果可使中共之「威權韌性」得以強化。從政治社會化的角度觀之，教科書透過現代化的公民教育課程內容及方法使中共執政的說服力加強；教科書在進步的課程中包裝愛國等於愛中華民族，又等於愛黨的觀念，激發中國民族主義，使新一代的中國人民相信必須支持中共政權才能促使國家富強與統一。本文認為中共政權的韌性代表中國的公民培養在一些重要的價值觀點上－非賦權的自由民主觀念、犧牲個人完成集體的價值、國家民族至上的觀念、愛中國共產黨的思想等，仍與臺灣的公民教育具有本質上的差異。而臺灣政府及民眾必須瞭解中國在開放政策下的公民教育本質，以思考如何與其交流，尋求兩岸的和平與自由。
China launched its Basic Education Reform in 2001, which made great changes in its political and moral education. Using the interpretive text analysis method, this study examines current Chinese elementary and junior-high school civics textbooks, and explains how ＂institutionalization＂ and ＂Chinese nationalism＂ have significant effects on the textbooks that strengthen the authoritarian resilience of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). From the political socialization point of view, the textbooks not only legitimize the CCP rule by the modernized and progressive civics curricula and methods, but serve to equate ideas of loving the state, loving the Chinese nation, and loving the CCP for the purpose of promoting Chinese nationalism, so that the new generation may believe that they should support the regime in order to be wealthy, strong and unified. This paper argues that the authoritarian resilience of CCP implies that China’s citizenship education will continue to be different from Taiwan’s in significant ways: the non-empowering ideas of democracy, the value of self-sacrifice for the collective, the notion of upholding the nation-state above the individual, and the idea of loving CCP. I believe that Taiwan needs to know the nature of China’s citizenship education in its open policy, and think about how to interact with it for peace and freedom across the Taiwan Strait.
期刊論文
1.Huang, F.(2004)。Curriculum reform in contemporary China: Seven goals and six strategies。Journal of Curriculum Studies，36(1)，101-115。  new window
2.李豔霞(2010)。公民資格視域下當代中國公民教育的歷史與邏輯。浙江社會科學，10，31-37+126。  延伸查詢new window
3.Bell, D. A.(1995)。A communitarian critique of authoritarianism。Society，32(5)，38-43。  new window
4.Chen, Y.(1999)。Tradition and innovation in the Chinese school curriculum。Research in Education，61，16-28。  new window
5.Cheung, K. W.、Pan, S.(2006)。Transition of moral education in China: Towards regulated individualism。Citizenship Teaching and Learning，2(2)，37-50。  new window
6.Hsieh, J. F.-S.(2003)。Democratizing China。Journal of Asian and African Studies，38，377-391。  new window
7.Jones, A.(2002)。Politics and history curriculum reform in post-Mao China。International Journal of Educational Research，37(6/7)，545-566。  new window
8.Landry, P. F.、Davis, D.、Wang, S.(2010)。Elections in rural China: Competition without parties。Comparative Political Studies，43，763-790。  new window
9.Lee, W. O.、Ho, C. H.(2005)。Ideopolitical shifts and changes in moral education policy in China。Journal of Moral Education，34，413-431。  new window
10.Li, P.、Zhong, M.、Lin, B.、Zhang, H.(2004)。Deyu as moral education in modern China: Ideological functions and transformations。Journal of Moral Education，33，449-464。  new window
11.Qi, W.、Tang, H.(2004)。The social and cultural background of contemporary moral education in China。Journal of Moral Education，33(4)，465-480。  new window
12.Wang, Zhengxu(2007)。Public support for democracy in China。Journal of Contemporary China，16(53)，561-579。  new window
13.Zhong, Y.、Chen, J.、Scheb, J.(1998)。Mass political culture in Beijing: Findings from two public opinion surveys。Asian Survey，38，763-783。  new window
14.謝岳(20080600)。Party Adaptation and the Prospects for Democratization in Authoritarian China。Issues & Studies，44(2)，79-102。new window  new window
15.Manion, M.(2006)。Democracy, community, trust: The impact of elections in rural China。Comparative Political Studies，39(3)，301-324。  new window
16.Lacity, Mary C.、Janson, Marius A.(1994)。Understanding qualitative data: A framework of text analysis methods。Journal of Management Information Systems，11(2)，137-155。  new window
17.Yan, Xuetong(2001)。The Rise of China in Chinese Eyes。Journal of Contemporary China，10(26)，33-39。  new window
18.單文經(20001100)。臺灣中小學公民教育與「臺灣人」意識的型塑。教育資料集刊，25，47-63。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.Nathan, Andrew J.(2003)。Authoritarian Resilience。Journal of Democracy，14(1)，6-17。  new window
20.Li, Lianjiang(2004)。Political Trust in Rural China。Modern China，30(2)，228-258。  new window
21.Zhao, Suisheng(1998)。A state-led nationalism: The patriotic education campaign in post-Tiananmen China。Communist and Post-Communist Studies，31(3)，287-302。  new window
會議論文
1.謝均才(2006)。好公民觀：中國大陸和臺灣小學社會課程和課文的比較分析。2006 年華人社會的教育發展學術研討會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Cheng, Y. C.(2001)。Educational reforms in the Asia-Pacific region: Trends and implications for research。International Symposium on Globalization and Educational Governance Change in East Asia，Comparative Education Policy Research Unit, Department of Public and Social Administration, City Uni (會議日期: June 14,2002)。  new window
圖書
1.吳文侃(2001)。中小學公民素質教育國際比較。北京市：人民教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.強海燕(2005)。中、美、加、英四國基礎教育研究。北京市：人民教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.Ding, Y.(2002)。Chinese democracy after Tiananmen。New York：Columbia University Press。  new window
4.Hayes, C. J. H.(1966)。Essays on nationalism。New York：Russell & Russell。  new window
5.Leibold, J.(2007)。Reconfiguring Chinese nationalism: How the Qing frontier and its indigenes became Chinese。New York：Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
6.Keping, Yu(2009)。Democracy is a good thing: Essays on politics, society, and culture in contemporary China。Brookings Institution Press。  new window
7.Wang, G.(1996)。The revival of Chinese nationalism。Leiden, The Netherlands：IIAS, International Institute for Asian Studies。  new window
8.Zheng, Y.(2004)。Will China become democratic?: Elite, class and regime transition。Singapore：East Asian Institute Eastern Universities Press。  new window
9.Brady, A.-M.(2008)。Marketing dictatorship: Propaganda and thought work in contemporary China。Rowman & Littlefield。  new window
10.Zheng, Yongnian.(1999)。Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China: Modernization, Identity, and International Politics。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
11.Barr, Robert D.、Barth, James L.、Shermis, Samuel S.(1977)。Defining the Social Studies。National Council for the Social Studies。  new window
12.Anderson, Benedict、白石隆、白石さや(198712)。想像の共同体－ナショナリズムの起源と遡行－。リブロポート。  延伸查詢new window
13.Sorensen, George(1998)。Democracy and Democratization: Processes and Prospects in a Changing World。Oxford：Westview Press。  new window
14.Zhao, Suisheng(2004)。A Nation-State by Construction: Dynamics of Modern Chinese Nationalism。Stanford University Press。  new window
其他
1.中國少年先鋒隊(2007)。紅領巾的來歷，http://61.gqt.org.cn/jczs/200905/t20090509_237606.htm。  延伸查詢new window
2.維基百科(2013)。中國少年先鋒隊，http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B0%91%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%88%E9%94%8B%E9%98%9F， 2013/05/28。  new window
圖書論文
1.周惠玲(2007)。當代中國中小學生公民教育初探。兩岸四地的公民教育。臺北市：師大書苑。  延伸查詢new window
2.Lee, W. O.、Ho, C. H.(2008)。Citizenship education in China: Changing concepts, approaches and policies in the changing political, economic and social context。The sage handbook of education for citizenship and democracy。New York。  new window
3.Li, C.(2009)。Introducation: Making democracy safe for China。Democracy is a good thing: Essays on politics, society, and culture in contemporary China。Washington, DC：Brookings Institution Press。  new window
4.Seixas, P.(2010)。A modest proposal for change in Canadian history education。Contemporary public debates over history education。Charlotte, NC：Information Age Pub。  new window
5.Stokes, G.(2000)。Cognition and the function of nationalism。Social mobility and modernization: A journal of interdisciplinary history reader。Cambridge, MA：MIT Press。  new window
6.Vickers, E.(2009)。The opportunity of China? Education, patriotic values and the Chinese state。Education as a political tool in Asia。New York：Routledge。  new window
7.Zhong, M.、Lee, W. O.(2008)。Citizenship curriculum in China: A shifting discourse towards Chinese democracy, law education and psychological health。Citizenship curriculum in Aisa and the Pacific。Hong Kong：Comparative Education Research Centre, Hong Kong University。  new window
8.Harrell, Steven(1996)。Negotiating Ethnicities in China and Taiwan : Introduction。Negotiating Ethnicities in China and Taiwan。Berkeley, CA：Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California。  new window
 
 
 
 
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