宗教史與末世運動研究--以基督教之興起為例__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	宗教史與末世運動研究--以基督教之興起為例
書刊名：	新史學
作者：	蔡彥仁
作者(外文)：	Tsai, Yen-zen
出版日期：	1999
卷期：	10:2
頁次：	頁77-106
主題關鍵詞：	宗教史；宗教理論；基督教；末世教派；千禧年王國運動；History of religions；Theory of religion；Christianity；Apocalyptic sect；Millenarianism
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(1) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:22 點閱:80

　　　　　西方學者對於基督教的興起及其特質問題，已有千年以上的研究歷史，並且形成一套嚴謹的、注重語言、經典、歷史、神學的研究典範。二十世紀初崛起的「宗教歷史學派」 (Religionsgeschichtliche Schule)擴張了此一學術傳統，以新的視野與研究方法，涵蓋了更多的歷史材料，置早期基督教社群於具體的「生活情境」(Sitz im Leben)中加以比較分析，由此把早期基督教史研究，往前推了一大步。七○年代中葉以來，不少以人文學科為主要進路的基督教史工作者，受到來自社會學與人類學理論的影響，開始反思己身的研究典範，並試圖援用此兩種學門的理論與方法，重新詮釋早期基督教的興起。為具體說明這種轉變，本文舉 Martin Hengel，Gerd Theissen，John G. Gager，Wayne A. Meeks四位學者為例，檢驗其代表作，整理出其個別特點以及共通之處，集中探討這些學者在視早期基督教為「末世教派」 (apocalyptic sect)或「千禧年王國運動」(millenarianism)的假設前提下，如何融通人文科學與社會科學理論。本文最後針對這些人文與社會學域的諸多理論與方法，從前提假設、角度側重、主題選擇、材料運用、分析與詮釋等面向，做出綜合評述，並主張為廣泛而深刻的了解基督教的興起，有必要多元，折衷的使用各種理論與方法，而此也應是研究任何宗教史主題最適宜的選擇。

以文找文

　　　　　The study of the rise of Christianity has caught scholars' attention for more than one thousand years in the West, and it has formed an time-honored research tradition with emphasis on the master of ancient languages, texts, history, and theology. The appearance of the Religionsgeschichtliche Schule in the early twentieth century expanded this academic tradition, pushing the research forward by putting the early Christian community in its Sitz in Leben and covering more historical materials. Starting from the mid-seventies, some scholars of the history of early Christianity, under the impact of new theories generated in sociology and anthropology, began to seriously reflect upon their traditional methodology and tried to explore new ways of understanding and interpreting the rise of Christianity. This shift of approach from humanities to social sciences is consequential, as far as the research paradigm is concerned. To illustrate this academic phenomenon, the present article takes four scholars as examples: Martin Hengel, Gerd Theissen, John G. Gager, and Wayne A. Meeks. It examines these individuals' works, highlighting their particular features as well as common characteristics. It concentrates upon how, with the understanding that early Christianity was an apocalyptic sect or parallel to millenarianism, these scholars synthesize theories and methods from both fields of humanities and social sciences. The article further comments upon these theories and methods from the perspectives of presupposition, emphasis of view, selection of theme, application of historical data, way of analysis and interpretation, etc.. It concludes with the suggestion that, in order to understand the rise of Christianity more deeply and comprehensively, theoretical and methodological pluralism is the best choice, and this prnciple can be applied to the study of other subjects in the history of religions.

以文找文

Other
1.	Harrington, Daniel J.(1980)。Sociological Concepts and the Early Church: A Decade of Research。

期刊論文
1.	蔡彥仁(19941200)。中國宗教研究--定義、範疇與方法學芻議。新史學，5(4)，125-139。延伸查詢
2.	蔡彥仁(19980900)。評介西方天啟思想之形成。新史學，9(3)，163-211。延伸查詢
3.	Segal, Robert A.(1978)。Eliade's Theory of Millenarianism。Religious Studies，14，158。
4.	Richter, Philip J.(1984)。Recent Sociological Approaches to the Study of the New Testament。Religion，14，77。
5.	Edwards, O. C., Jr.(1983)。Sociology as a Tool for Interpreting the New Testament。Anglican Theological Review，65，431。
6.	Elliott, John H.(1986)。Social-Scientifical Criticism of the New Testament: More on Methods and Models。Semeia，35，1。
7.	Gager, John G.(1982)。Shall We Marry Our Enemies? Sociology and the New Testament。Interpretations，36，259。
8.	Best, Thomas F.(1983)。The Sociological Study of the New Testament: Promises and Peril of a New Discipline。Scottish Journal of Theology，36，181。

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