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題名:國際觀光旅館組織政治知覺、組織文化與工作績效之關係研究
作者:吳菊 引用關係
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:商業教育學系
指導教授:溫玲玉
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:組織政治知覺組織文化組織承諾工作態度工作績效國際觀光旅館perceptions of organizational politicsorganizational cultureorganizational commitmentworking attitudejob performanceInternational Tourist Hotel
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「人」是國際觀光旅館最重要的資產,因此國際觀光旅館要創造競爭優勢,必須仰賴有前瞻性的人力資源管理。故本研究針對國際觀光旅館員工的組織政治知覺、組織文化是否會影響其對組織的承諾、工作的態度與績效進行研究,研究中採用問卷調查法進行實證資料之蒐集,共發出問卷750 份,回收614 份,有效問卷594份,有效回收率為79.2%。以SPSS for Windows 統計軟體進行描述性統計分析、因素分析、信度分析、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析與事後多重比較、相關分析來探討各項變數之關係,並以結構方程模式(SEM)探討各變項間影響之模式。
本研究經實證後得到結論如下:
一、國際觀光旅館員工對組織政治知覺、組織文化、組織承諾、工作態度、工
作績效等變項均有高度的認同,其中最為認同的為工作績效、認同度最低
者為工作態度。
二、國際觀光旅館員工的婚姻狀況、部門別與職務層級對組織政治知覺的看法
均有明顯差異,而不同年齡的員工對組織文化也有認知上的差異。
三、國際連鎖經營的國際觀光旅館員工對組織文化的評價都比本土旅館來得
高;至於不同房間數與員工數的旅館員工對組織政治知覺與組織文化沒有
明顯的認知差異。
四、國際觀光旅館業的組織政治知覺、組織文化、組織承諾、工作態度與工作
績效之整體模式具有影響關係
(一)國際觀光旅館員工對組織的政治行為知覺感受愈深,卻不致影響其對
旅館的承諾,但對工作態度的滿意度與投入會受其影響而降低。
(二)國際觀光旅館員工對組織文化愈認同則對組織的承諾愈強烈、工作也會
愈滿足同時更會影響工作愈投入。
(三)國際觀光旅館員工對組織的承諾愈強烈則工作績效會愈高。
(四)國際觀光旅館員工工作態度愈佳卻對工作績效沒有明顯影響。
(五)組織文化對組織承諾及工作績效等構面不但有直接的影響,更具有透過
組織承諾所中介的間接效果。
本研究之結論提供國際觀光旅館業者在經營管理上之參考,並對後續研
究者提出未來相關研究之建議。
關鍵字:組織政治知覺、組織文化、組織承諾、工作態度、工作績效、國際觀光旅館
“People” is the most important asset in the hotel industry. The international hotels must rely on the foresighted human resource management to create the advantages of competition. Thus, the purposes of the study were to explore how influential to deliver the organizational commitment and affect the employees’ working attitude from the perceptions of organizational politics and organizational culture of the selected international tourist hotels. It was adopted by the questionnaire to collect all the information and data. The surveys were issued to 750 potential respondents totally, and had 614 returns. 594 questionnaires were returned effectively. The rate of recovery was 86.33%, with 49.5% valid return rate. By using SPSS for Windows as a statistical analytical tool, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, test analysis, Post-Hoc Multiple comparison were performed after (one-way ANOVA). In order to prove the influencing relationships among the variables and overall model fit the Structural Equation Modeling has also been adopted.
The empirical results of this study were indicated as the following:
1. For the employees in the international tourist hotels, there are highly recognized ways to deal with the perceptions of organizational politics, organizational culture, organizational commitment, working attitude and job performance. Among these variables, the highest recognized way is job performance and the lowest is working attitude.
2. For the international tourist hotels’ employees, there are obviously different views among the different marriage conditions, organizational departments, and job positions on the organizational politics issue. There are also different views among the different age groups on the organizational culture issue.
3. As for the organizational culture, the employees of international chain hotels have more positive views than the domestic brand hotels. Other than this, the size of hotel’s rooms and employee’s counts has no influence on the perceptions of organizational politics and organizational culture.
4. This study is to form the whole model of perceptions of organizational politics, organizational culture, organizational commitment, working attitude and job performance. The interchanging relationship is existing as the following:
(a) Hotel employees would sense the perceptions of organizational politics a lot, but it didn’t affect their commitment to the hotel. On the other hand, it decreased their job satisfaction.
(b) The more recognition of organizational culture for hotel employees, the stronger commitment they could show to the hotel. Thus, the job satisfaction would increase.
(c) The stronger commitment hotel employees could show the higher job performance they would conduct.
(d) The working attitude of hotel employees is not related with the job performance.
(e) Organizational culture has direct impact on organizational commitment and job performance. Organizational commitment also plays an indirect role.
Keywords: perceptions of organizational politics, organizational culture, organizational commitment, working attitude, job performance, International Tourist Hotel
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