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題名:危機衝擊下組織文化對護理人員照護意願之影響:以組織承諾及專業承諾為中介變項
作者:吳佳靜
作者(外文):Chia-Ching Wu
校院名稱:元智大學
系所名稱:管理研究所
指導教授:許士軍
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:組織文化組織承諾專業承諾照護意願SARSH1N1organizational commitmentprofessional commitmentSARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)crisisorganizational cultureH1N1 virus
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危機時員工是否決定共渡難關,對於組織會造成嚴重的後果。本研究之動機在於2003年台灣遭遇了SARS,引發整個社會之恐慌,居於防治第一線的醫護人員也面臨了空前的考驗,本研究者與歷經上述事件之護理人員訪談及相關文獻中發現,不同醫院護理人員對於照護SARS病人的意願表現出明顯差異,因而對於何種因素影響員工危機下是否接受關鍵任務進行兩階段的實證研究。然而在目前文獻中,有關探討員工在危機下接受組織指派任務的相關研究仍是缺乏的,根據文獻推論個人因素在這個關係中也有重要的角色,在SARS期間的第一階段研究證實護理人員的組織承諾與專業承諾對於照護意願有顯著影響,且證實危機情境對於個人承諾有顯著差異,並發現組織因素的影響力,因此本研究第二階段所提出的討論模式係假定影響上數照護意願之因素包括有ㄧ個機構的組織文化以及個人之組織承諾與專業承諾,而在其間組織承諾與專業承諾扮演一種中介變項的角色。
2009年全球遭受H1N1病毒大流行,本研究第二階段以此危機情境驗證第一階段研究結果,並進行護理人員危機下照護意願的變數模型之實證研究;在2010年對南部一家區域醫院進行各級護理人員的問卷調查,將組織文化視作內部變項,其中包含信任、溝通、社會凝聚力等的構面,探討在預期的H1N1病毒大規模流行的危機情境下照護感染性病人的意願,統計結果顯示組織承諾與專業承諾分別對組織文化與護理人員照護意願的關係中呈現中介效果,且專業承諾的中介效果強過組織承諾。信任分別對情感性的組織承諾、情感性的專業承諾與危機下照護病人意願有顯著的完全中介效果;溝通則分別透過情感性組織承諾、規範性專業承諾對於護理人員自願照護病人的意願具顯著性影響;此外,家人支持照護感染性病人的程度對專業承諾與照護病人意願的關係有顯著的干擾效果。因此提供支持並透過組織文化提升員工的承諾感是組織可以努力的方向。
危機隨時會發生,本研究提出員工接受危機下組織指派的關鍵任務的意願的模型,研究結果所衍生出的管理意涵除了使現有理論更加完整,亦提供各領域管理政策上新的思維模式。
Few researches were involved in investigating the organizational and individual factors
affecting employees’ willingness to take critical assignment under a crisis. The impact of a crisis would
cause tremendous consequences from the employees’ willingness to overcome the difficulties with their
organizations. The SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) event and H1N1 virus provided as good arenas to explore this issue. The empirical study focused on the impact of crisis on the employees’ willingness to accept critical assignments and the relationships among organizational and individual influencing factors of their willingness. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational culture and the nurses’ willingness to take care of contagious patients with the intervening effect from organizational commitment (OC) and professional commitment (PC).
Phase I study was conducted to understand the role of commitment in the year of 2003 and 2005. The results show that nurses’ willingness to care SARS patients has no difference when the SARS crisis happening and two years later. The nurses’ organizational and professional commitment have significant effect on their willingness to care SARS patients. In addition, organizational factor shows significant effect. The survey in Phase II study was to confirm the results and investigate the intervening variables by proposing a H1N1 virus crisis in the year of 2010. The results proved that OC and PC mediate the relationship between organizational culture and the nurses’ willingness to care. Trust is mediated by affective OC and affective PC to the nurses’ willingness to care. Affective OC and normative PC mediate the relationship between communication and nurse’ willingness as a volunteer to care contagious patients. In addition, family support has important moderating effect on the relationship between professional commitment and willingness to care. To enhance employees’ willingness to accept critical assignments under a crisis, improving their level of OC and PC by building a supportive organizational culture is a direction for the management to work on.
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