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題名：彈性化政府的設計與評估
書刊名：人文及社會科學集刊
作者：林水波／陳志瑋
作者(外文)：Lin, Shoei-po／Chen, Chih-wei
出版日期：2000
卷期：12:2
頁次：頁237-280
主題關鍵詞：彈性化政府；行政改革；任務編組；虛擬組織；日落立法；轉變服務提供系統；民營化；非營利組織；資訊底盤結構；Flexible government；Administrative reform；Task force；Virtual organization；Sunset legislation；System changing；Privatization；Nonprofit organization；Information infrastructure
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(10) 博士論文(1) 專書(2) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:10
  • 共同引用共同引用:113
  • 點閱點閱:89
各國對行政組織與官僚問題的診斷，以及為回應不確定與快速變遷的環境，彈性化策略遂成為行政改革的重要途徑之一。這個策略透過制宜權變與適應原則，以實現提高變遷能力、增加選擇空間與靈活策略應用之價值。
本文順著這項主流改造趨勢，首先鋪陳彈性化政府有效運作的條件：環境的敏感度、彈性的思維、組織能力與政治支持。至於彈性化政府的主要作法分別由人事管理制度、組織、法治與轉變提供服務系統四途徑下手，分析各種已被廣泛應用或萌芽中的策略。隨後綜合前兩項之論述，本文又歸納彈性化政府所具有的十大特性：主體性、裁量性、因應性、鬆綁性、演化性、系絡性、績效性、個殊性、下授性與相容性。
接著本文進行彈性化政府的評估，一則指出其所扮演的積極正面功能，二則展露實施彈性化政府在前提條件的配合問題、價值矛盾的情形、結構間的合作支持意願及實踐上可能遭遇的難題。
基於欲使彈性化政府有其存活適用的空間，本文提出六個方向做為選擇彈性化政府的槓桿點：問題與解決策略的相容、獲得立法機關的政治支持度、以直接民主作為衝突解決的機制、建立穩固的資訊底盤結構、加強以地方自治為主體的彈性化結構，以及服務與財貨的定位。此外本文更期盼有司當局在推動之際，多方對話溝通、透過第三造或主權者扮演衝突的調和者角色、追求情勢的配合性、相關前提的妥當性，和各方主題的共同體認性，當能進一步以信任為礎石做為邁向成功的寄託。
Flexible government (FG) is a crucial strategy to reform and reinvent government, The core purpose are to strengthen capacity to change, enlarge administrative discretion, and to vitalize government through two principles: contingency and adaptiveness.
In this article, we first construct that envirnmental sensibility, flexible thinking, organizational capacity, and poltical support are preconditions for FG to be effective. Then we provide four types of fundamental tools used by FG: personnel management system, organization, legislation, and system changing. From the discussion of its main tools, we derive ten attribute of FG: subjectivity, discretion, responsiveness, deregulation, evolution, contextuation , performance, particularity, empowerment, and compatibility.
As we go into the second part of this paper, we evalute FG both from positive and negative perspective. Positively, it may create eight functions: adaptation, downsizing, social improvement, ungovernablility avoidance, efficiency increase, organization and staff evolution, competition and effective division of labor. However, the needed preconditions may not be met by the original government. There is also paradox existing among values pursued by the FG. Differnet institutions may be reluctant partners which do not commit the willingness to cooperate and support for the fulfillment of FG. As regard to its policy tools, each may still exist practical difficulties during its implementaion.
Since FG has positive and negative functions for governmental reform and reinventing, the time and situation to use that strategy is addressed. As a result, we analyze six leverages for user to appropriately utilize this strategy. They are: convergence between problems and solutions, reforms support from legislative branch, dicision by dierct democracy, complete construction of information infrastructure, subjectivizing local self-government, and repositioning goods or services. In addition, we furtherly explore that trust is the successful cornerstone of FG. It should be the focus to be strengthen at post-modern government through constructing ideal speech situation.
期刊論文
1.Antonsen, Marianne、Jorgensen, Torben Beck(1997)。The Publicness of Public Organizations。Public Administration，75(2)，337-357。  new window
2.Coe, B. A.(1997)。How Structural Conflicts Stymie Revolution。Public Administration Review，57(2)，168-173。  new window
3.Svara, James H.(1999)。Complementarity of Politics and Administration as a Legitimate Alternative to the Dichotomy Model。Administration & Society，30(6)，676-705。  new window
4.Moe, Ronald C.(1994)。The 'Reinventing Government' Exercise: Misinterpreting the Problem, Misjudging the Consequences。Public Administration Review，54(2)，111-122。  new window
5.Rein, Martin、Schön, Donald(1996)。Frame-Critical Policy Analysis and Frame-Reflective Policy Practice。Knowledge and Policy，9(1)，85-104。  new window
6.Reischauer, Robert D.、Joyce, Philip G.(1997)。The Federal Line-Item Veto: What Is It and What Will It Do?。Public Administration Review，57(2)，95-104。  new window
7.Walsh, James P.、Ungson, Gerardo Rivera(1991)。Organizational Memory。Academy of Management Review，16(1)，57-91。  new window
8.Castrogiovanni, G. J.(1991)。Environmental munificence: A theoretical assessment。Academy of management review，16(3)，542-565。  new window
9.Milliken, Frances J.(1987)。Three types of perceived uncertainty about the environment: State, effect, and response uncertainty。Academy of management review，12(1)，133-143。  new window
10.Peters, B. Guy、Savoie, Donald J.(1994)。Civil Service Reform: Misdiagnosing the Patient。Public Administration Review，54(5)，418-425。  new window
11.Mcdonnell, L. M.、Elmore, R. F.(1987)。Getting the job done: Alternative policy instruments。Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis，9(2)，133-152。  new window
12.Aghion, Philippe、Tirole, Jean(1997)。Formal and Real Authority in Organizations。Journal of Political Economy，105(1)，1-29。  new window
13.Moe, Terry M.(1984)。The New Economics of Organization。American Journal of Political Science，28(4)，739-777。  new window
14.Lengnick-Hall, C. A.(1996)。Customer contributions to quality: a different view of the customer-oriented firm。The Academy of Management Review，21(3)，791-824。  new window
15.Roberts, Alasdair(1997)。Performance-Based Organizations: Assessing the Gore Plan。Public Administration Review，57(6)，465-478。  new window
16.Van Wart, Montgomery(1995)。The First Step in the Reinvention Process: Assessment。Public Administration Review，55(5)，429-438。  new window
17.Weisman, Jonathan(1996)。Panel Oks Bill Giving Localities More Spending Flexibility。Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report，54。  new window
18.Wilson, Elisabeth、Doig, Alan(1996)。The Shape of Ideology: Structure, Culture and Policy Delivery in the New Public Sector。Public Money & Management，16(2)，53-61。  new window
19.林水波(1991)。組織能力：政策執行的火車頭。研考雙月刊，15(6)，4-13。  延伸查詢new window
20.Hendrick, Rebecca(1994)。An Information Infrastructure for Innovative Management of Government。Public Administration Review，54(6)，543-549。  new window
21.Dobuzinskis, Laurent(1992)。Modernist and Postmodernist Metaphors of the Policy Process: Control and Stability Vs. Chaos and Reflexive Understanding。Policy Science，25，355-380。  new window
22.Dombois, Rainer(1989)。Flexibility by Law? The West German Employment Promotion Act and Temporary Employment。Cambridge Journal of Economics，13，359-371。  new window
23.Hellstrom, Tomas(1997)。Boundness and Legitimacy in Public Planning。Knowledge and Policy，9(4)，27-42。  new window
24.Hogwood, Brian W.(1995)。The Growth of Quangos。Parliamentary Affairs，48，207-225。  new window
25.Kearney, Richard C.(1990)。Sunset: S Survey and Analysis of the State Experience。Public Administration Review，50(1)，49-57。  new window
26.Druckman, Daniel、Mitchell, Christopher(1995)。Flexibility: Nature, Sources, and Effects。The Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science，542，213-218。  new window
27.Mountfield, Robin(1997)。Organizational Reform within Government Accountability and Policy Management。Public Administration and Development，17(1)，71-76。  new window
會議論文
1.林水波(1997)。開誠布公型的管理策略。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.李宗勳(1998)。公共服務民營化理論與實務之研究：北高兩市市政及臺灣省政簽約外包的檢證(博士論文)。政治大學，台北市。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.蘇彩足、施能傑(1998)。各國行政革新策略及措施比較分析。臺北：行政院研究發展考核委員會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Damer, T. Edward(1987)。Attacking Faulty Reasoning。Wadsworth Publishing Company。  new window
3.OECD(1997)。Issues and Developments in Public Management: Survey 1996-1997: II. Governing within Limits。Paris：OECD。  new window
4.Hughes, Owen E.(2003)。Public management and administration: An introduction。Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
5.行政院研究發展考核委員會、行政院研考會(1993)。行政計畫績效評估專論選輯。台北：行政院研考會。  延伸查詢new window
6.Burns, Tom、Stalker, George M.(1961)。The management of innovation。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Starling, Grover(1998)。Managing The Public Sector。Harcourt Brace College Publishers。  new window
8.Osborne, David、Gaebler, Ted(1992)。Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit is Transforming the Public Sector。Addison-Wesley Publishing Company。  new window
9.Osborne, David、Plastrik, Peter(1997)。Banishing Bureaucracy: The Five Strategies for Reinventing Government。Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.。  new window
10.Peters, B. Guy(1996)。The Future of Governing: Four Emerging Models。University Press of Kansas。  new window
11.Hood, Christopher C.(1983)。The Tools of Government。Macmillan。  new window
12.詹中原(1994)。民營化政策：公共行政理論與實務之分析。臺北：五南。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Savas, Emanuel S.(1987)。Privatization: The Key to Better Government。Chatham House Publishers, Inc.。  new window
14.Rosenbloom, David H.(1998)。Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector。McGraw-Hill, Inc.。  new window
15.Stone, Deborah A.(1997)。Policy paradox: The art of political decision making。New York：W. W. Norton & Company。  new window
16.March, James G.、Olsen, Johan P.(1995)。Democratic Governance。The Free Press。  new window
17.Beck Jorgensen, Torben(1993)。Public Resource Allocation。Managing Public Organizations: Lessons from Contemporary European Experience。London, UK。  new window
18.Herriot, Peter、Pemberton, Carole(1995)。Competitive Advantage Through Diversity: Organizational Learning From Difference。Competitive Advantage Through Diversity: Organizational Learning From Difference。London, UK。  new window
19.Moe, Therry M.(1989)。The Politics of Bureaucratic Structure。Can the Government Govern?。Washington, DC。  new window
圖書論文
1.Peters, B. Guy(1993)。Managing the Hollow State。Managing Public Organizations: Lessons From Contemporary European Experience。Sage Publications。  new window
2.Goldman, F.、Barashares, E.(1996)。Performance and Accountability: Budget Reform in New Zealand。Budgeting and the Management of Public Spending。Cheltenham：Elgar。  new window
3.Majone, Giandomenico(1988)。Policy Analysis and Public Deliberation。The Power of public ideas。Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press。  new window
4.Fearon, James D.(1998)。Deliberation as Discussion。Deliberative Democracy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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