這篇文章將從批判性的角度，探究初期佛教如何考察與改寫婆羅門教的種姓起源神話。首先，本文透過當代系譜學的視野與思維，將「系譜學」的旨趣定位爲「藉由對於『起源』問題的溯源與揭露過程，顚覆吾人既有的規範性思維」。其次，以「佛教的種姓系譜學」爲題，說明佛教於溯源與揭露「種姓起源」的歷程裡，不但顚覆婆羅門教神話與種姓制度兩者的〔虛妄的〕規範性思維，並且解構婆羅門教的既有呆教知識與世俗權力的共構關係。最後，檢討佛教的種姓系譜學之難題。

This paper will make a critical survey on early Buddhist cannons which concerned with how Buddhist challenges Brahmanism's 'caste genesis mythology' and reforms it in another way. First, through with the vision and horizon of modern genealogist way, we define 'Genealogy' as 'the philosophy which overwhelms our normalized thoughts by disclosing and tracing the question of the genesis'. Then, we critically investigate how Buddhist cannons reflect flexibly Brahmanism's caste mythology by disclosing and tracing its genesis, thereby we explain how Buddhist overwhelms the legacy of between Brahmanism mythology and caste system, and deconstructs the co-relation between religion knowledge and worldly power. Finally, we make a reflection and review on the difficulties of caste genealogy in early Buddhism.