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題名：讓觀者發聲--觀看理論運用於美術館展場設計與規畫之研究
書刊名：現代美術學報
作者：曹筱玥 引用關係
作者(外文)：Tsau, Saiau-yue
出版日期：2005
卷期：9
頁次：頁51-85
主題關鍵詞：觀看理論；拉崗；傅珂；策展人；建構主義；Observing theories；Jacques Lacan；Michael Foucault；Curator；Constructivism
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 共同引用共同引用:302
  • 點閱點閱:53
隨著人們對終身學習需求提高，亦意味著博物館時代全面化的來臨；今日，新博物館學的概念以「人」為出發點，將過去博物館以收集、研究、維護藏品為重心的經營理念，轉向運用展示及推廣教育為其經營重心；而美術館屬於博物館的一支，更是在社會教育的範疇中，最常從事藝術教育活動的場域，美術館在此，不僅提供了欣賞藝術原作的視覺經驗，成為了鑑賞教育最佳的學習場所；然而，美術館該如何運用展覽的設計，來傳達並完成如是的任務，便將涉及到其結構模式的不同思考，諸如空間的使用，以及想法、概念上的區隔、與觀眾互動等元素之深度考量，身處其中的觀眾必須透過參與和觀看的過程，達成與藝術作品溝通和執行自我的觀看實踐。 本文之論述架構，將根基於此項觀點，延伸至美術館展示之相關課題，首先強調美術館中，如何運用展示作一「有效性」的呈現，達到加強互動的基礎，而其中則牽涉了相關展示內容的參與程度、詮釋與再建構的過程；而後將深入探討在這個架構之下，如何以觀眾為主體，用一種全新的角度切入，帶入拉崗(Jacques Lacan)與傅珂(Michael Foucault)的論述，來看待展示設計的過程；最末，則嘗試在文本中涉入兩肇學者提及有關觀看理論的運用，輔以選取國內展示實例來論述觀者於其參與程度之分析，作為日後美術館策展之基底，也希冀與意欲從事美術館教育時，針對展示之思考模式的一個分享。
The popularity of the life-ling learning driven by our needs means the museum era has come. Today, new museums started to focus on application, exhibition, and promoting the education from the people-based start point, and thus are different from the emphasis of collection, research maintenance in the past. Among all, art galleries belong to one branch of museums, and are the most frequent places for art education activities. Art galleries not only provide us with the visual experiences for appreciating some original art works, they also become the best venues for appreciating education. However, how art galleries can apply the design of the exhibition, to express and accomplish such tasks will be involved with different thoughts caused by their discrepant structures such as the use of space, the compartment of thoughts, concepts, and whether they are interactive with the audience or not. The audience who gets involved needs to accomplish the goal of communication with the art works, and realizing the implementation of the self-observation by the participation and the observation processes. The structure of the article will base on this viewpoint, and be extended to some relevant issues of the exhibition of art galleries. First, we emphasize how we can utilize our exhibitions to provide an effective presentation, and thus, to strengthen the interaction. Among all, they are involved with degrees of participation of some relevant exhibitions, the process of interpretations, and reconstruction. Finally, with the audience-based main body we will have a profound exploration as to how we can use a brand-new angle to bring in remarks by Jacques Lacan and Michael Foucault to examine the process of the design of the exhibition. Finally, two studies about the application of the observation theories were mentioned, added by some examples from Taiwan to show the analysis of the degrees of participation from the audience, and this latter part can also serve as the basis of some future art gallery exhibitions. The final hope of this article was to share with many others on the thought models of exhibitions when they want to engage themselves in art gallery education.
期刊論文
1.Stone, D. L.(1992)。A Descriptive Study of the Art Museum Relative to Schools。Visual Arts Research，19(2)，51-61。  new window
2.Chesebrough, D. E.(1998)。Museum partnership: Insights from the literature and research。Museum News，77(6)，55-53。  new window
3.Harrison, M.、Naef, B.(1985)。Toward a partnership: Developing the museum-school relationship。Roundtable Reports，10(4)，9-12。  new window
4.Screven, C. G.(1986)。Educational exhibits: Some areas for controlled research。Journal of Museum Education，11(1)，7-11。  new window
5.Stapp, C. B.(1984)。Defining museum literacy。Roundtable Reports，9(1)，3-4。  new window
6.Suina, J. H.(1990)。Museum Multicultural Education for Young Learners。Journal of Museum Education，15(1)，1-15。  new window
7.Wittlin, O.(1963)。The museum and art education。Museum News，41(10)，20-23。  new window
8.Parsons, M.(2002)。Aesthetic experience and construction of meanings。Journal of Aesthetic Education，36(2)，24-37。  new window
9.Garoian, Charles R.(2001)。Performing the Museum。Studies in Art Education，42(3)，234-248。  new window
10.趙瞬珠(19911000)。現代藝術與傳統教育的橋樑--簡介紐約現代美術館的兒童美術教育。博物館學季刊，5(4)，23-27。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.Garoian, C R.(1992)。Art History and the Museum in the schools: A Model for Museumschool Partherships。Visual Arts Research，18(2)，62-73。  new window
12.Nangeroni, S.、Vukelich, R.、Vukeli, C.(1986)。The use of learning style theory to design a co-operative school-museum program for gifted students。Museum Studies Journal，2(3)，40-56。  new window
13.李麗芳(19970700)。博物館學習與學校教育的互動。博物館學季刊，11(3)，3-9。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Hein,George E.、林彩岫(19971000)。建構主義者的博物館學習理論。博物館學季刊，11(4)，27-30。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.黃淑芬(19930400)。博物館與社區的互動關係--以蛻變中的省博為例。博物館學季刊，7(2)，17-23。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.林勝義(19930400)。博物館與社區之結合。博物館學季刊，7(2)，3-8。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.于瑞珍(20010400)。教育理論在博物館教育上的應用。博物館學季刊，15(2)，15-24。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.Screven, Chandler G.(1986)。Exhibitions and Information Centers: Some Principles and Approaches。Curator，29(2)，109-137。  new window
19.Stone, D. L.(1994)。Facilitating cooperative art museum-school relationships: museum educators' suggestions。Visual Arts Research，20(1)，79-83。  new window
20.Zeller, Terry(1985)。Museum Education and School Art: Different Ends and Different Means。Art Education: Journal of the National Art Education Association，38(3)，6-10。  new window
會議論文
1.黃鈺琴(20001023)。休館中的博物館教育服務。2000博物館教育國際學術研討會，國立暨南國際大學 。南投：國立暨南大學。113-120。  延伸查詢new window
2.漢寶德(1994)。自科學博物館看美術館功能。美術館國際學術研討會。台北：台北市立美術館。  延伸查詢new window
3.賴玥伶(2001)。透過藝術學習。國藝會獎助文化行政人才進修計劃之成果發表會。  延伸查詢new window
4.黃光男(2002)。新世紀博物館之社會教育功能掲示--以國立歴史博物館為例。新世紀藝術教育理論與實務國際學術研討會。臺北：國立台灣師範大學美術學系。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.辛治寧(1988)。美術館教育功能之研究(碩士論文)。中國文化大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.廖敦如(1997)。美術館兒童教育活動之理論與實務(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.American Association of Museums(1992)。Excellence and equality: Education and the public dimension of museums。Washington, DC：American Association of Museums。  new window
2.Clark, C.(1996)。A report: Survey on art museum/school collaborations。Denton, TX：University of North Texas. National Center for Art Museum/School Collaboration。  new window
3.陳國寧(1997)。台灣地區中小型博物館經營管理之研究。臺北：行政院文化建設委員會。  延伸查詢new window
4.Newsom, Barbara Y.、Silver, Adele Z.(1978)。The Art Museum as Educator: A Collection of Studies as Guides to Practice and Policy。Berkeley, CA：University of California Press。  new window
5.Serrell, Beverly(1998)。Paying Attention: Visitors and Museum Exhibitions。Washington, DC：American Association of Museums。  new window
6.IMLS(1996)。True needs true partners: Museums and schools transforming education。Washington, DC：Institute of Museum and Library Services。  new window
7.Phye, G.(1997)。Handbook of classroom assessment: learning, achievement, and adjustment。New York：Academic Press。  new window
8.陳國寧(1991)。台灣地區公私立博物館專輯--博物館巡禮。臺北：行政院文化建設委員會。  延伸查詢new window
9.Guilfoil, J. K.、Sandler, A. R.(1999)。Built Environment Education in Art Education。Reston, VA：The National Art Education Association。  new window
10.黃光男(1994)。美術館廣角鏡。臺北：藝術家出版社。  延伸查詢new window
11.CMNC(1984)。Commission Of Museum For A New Century .Museums for a New Century。Washington, D. C：AAM。  new window
12.王秀雄(1998)。觀賞、認知、解釋與評價--美術館鑑賞教育的理論與實務。台北：國立歷史博物館。  延伸查詢new window
13.ICOM/CECA C(1982)。Museum and Education。Copenhengan：ICOM/CECA。  new window
14.Hirzy, Ellen Cochran(1992)。Excellence and Equity-Education and the Public Dimension of Museums。Washington, DC：American Association of Museums。  new window
15.National Curriculum Council(1990)。The National Curriculum Council A Guide for Staff of Museums, Galleries, Historic Houses and Sites。Copright：National Curriculum Council。  new window
16.London, P.(1994)。Step outside: Community-based art education。Portsmouth, NJ：Heinemann。  new window
17.Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean(1994)。Museum and Their Visitors。Routledge。  new window
18.黃淑芳(1997)。現代博物館教育理論與實務。台北市：台灣省立博物館。  延伸查詢new window
19.畢恆達(2003)。空間就是權カ。台北市：心靈エ坊。  延伸查詢new window
20.Sheppard, Beverly(1993)。Building Museum & School Partnerships。Harrisburg, Pa：Pennsylvania Federation of Museums and Historical Organizations。  new window
21.Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean(1991)。Museum and Gallery Education。Leicester University Press。  new window
22.Gardner, H.(1993)。Multiple intelligences: The theory in practice。New York, NY：Harper Collins。  new window
23.Ambrose, Timothy、Paine, Crispin(1993)。Museum Basics。New York。  new window
24.Falk, John H.、Dierking, Lynn D.(1992)。The museum experience。Washington, DC：Whalesback Books。  new window
25.包遵彭(1970)。博物館學。臺北：正中書局。  延伸查詢new window
26.黃光男(1999)。博物館新視覺。台北：正中書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
27.郭長江(2003)。時空落子：博物館展示設計實務。國立歷史博物館。  延伸查詢new window
28.漢寶德(20000000)。展示規劃：理論與實務。臺北：田園城市文化。new window  延伸查詢new window
29.林政弘、張沛華(19950000)。我國博物館經營管理之探討。臺北：教育部社會教育司。new window  延伸查詢new window
30.張譽騰(20000000)。當代博物館探索。臺北：南天。new window  延伸查詢new window
31.Hein, George E.(1998)。Learning in the Museum。Routledge。  new window
32.張譽騰(1994)。走在博物館的時空裡：博物館學論文選集。臺北：稻鄉。  延伸查詢new window
33.劉婉珍(20020000)。美術館教育理念與實務。臺北：南天。new window  延伸查詢new window
34.National Research Center for the Arts(1974)。Museum USA。Washington D.C.：Summary of Highlights Published by the National Endowment。  new window
圖書論文
1.Gurian, E. H.(1981)。Museums' relationship to education。Museum and Education。Copenhagen：ICOM-CECA。  new window
2.呂秀玉(2001)。博物館與學校互動與成長。九十年度學校利用博物館教育成果報告。臺東：國立台灣史前文化博物館。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃鈺琴(2001)。教師如何利用博物館成為教學資源。九十年度學校利用博物館教育成果報告。臺東：國立台灣史前文化博物館。  延伸查詢new window
4.Caston, E. B.(1989)。A Model for Teaching in a Museum Setting。Museum Education History, Theory, and Practice。Reston, VA：National Art Education Association*。  new window
 
 
 
 
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