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題名：價值觀、策略與績效間關係之實證研究--以電腦資訊業為例
書刊名：淡江人文社會學刊
作者：王居卿 引用關係
作者(外文)：Wang, Chu-ching
出版日期：1999
卷期：3
頁次：頁163-190
主題關鍵詞：價值觀；策略；績效；資訊業；高階管理者；Values；Strategy；Performance；Computer industry；Top manager
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:63
  • 點閱點閱:30
　　　　　理論上，高階管理者之價值觀顯著地影響了一個企業的策略制定與選擇，更進而 會對該企業的績效有所衝擊。本研究以近年來科技急速進步及競爭相對較激烈而有賴有效策 略管理始能獲得競爭優勢的資訊業為對象，去探討高階管理者的價值觀、策略型態與公司績 效間之關係。本研究以Rokeach(1973)所發展的RVS量表去衡量價值觀，以Miles & Snow (1978) 之量表去決定公司所使用的策略型態，而績效則以包含較廣的資產報酬率去衡量。針對44 家資訊廠商的調查研究，經資料分析結果有以下的重要發現: 1.高階管理者大多是中生代年齡層、教育程度頗高而且該產業之資產報酬率大都能達6% 以上。 2.高階管理者前五項最重要的目的價值觀分別是智慧、家庭安全、成就感、刺激的生活 與自我尊重;而前五項最重要的工具價值觀分別是氣量恢宏、誠實正直、負責可靠、勇敢擔當 與雄心萬丈。 3.執行不同策略的公司，高階管理者的價值觀並無明顯的差異。 4.不同策略的採行，顯著地影響了公司的績效;即陣地防禦型的策略績效顯著地優於主動 攻擊型的策略績效。 5.高績效的高階管理者比低績效的還不重視雄心萬丈與寬恕饒人。
　　　　　The values of top managers, theoretically, will greatly affect the formulation and choice of strategy in a corporation, and then they will impact the corporate performance. This study takes the computer industry, which is facing a turbulent environment and versatile competitors, as a research object to explore the relationships among top managers' values, strategy types and corporate performance. This study verifies its values by the RVA Scales which were developed by Rokeach in 1973; the Miles & Snow Scale has been taken as the tool to judge the strategy type taken by the corporation; and the Return on Assets is adopted as the criteria to evaluate the corporate performance. Through the analysis of the data obtained from the 44 companies surveyed, some important findings emerge as follow: 1. Most of the top managers are mid-aged and with high education, and the ROA of most corporations in the computer industry exceeds 6%. 2. The top five terminal values are Wisdom, Family Security, A Sense of Accomplishment, An Exciting Life and Self-respect; and the top five instrumental values are being Broadminded, Honest, Responsible, Courageous and Ambitious or Imaginative. 3. There was no significant difference between the top managers' values and the strategies used. 4. The strategy type was significantly related to corporate performance; the performance of the Defender strategy was better than that of Prospector. 5. Regardless of the corporate performance, there was a high similarity between the top managers' value systems. However, the low performing top managers placed higher values on being ambitious and forgiving than did the high performing top managers.
期刊論文
1.Kleinschrod, W. A.(1970)。Management and the new humanism。Administrative management，24-25。  new window
2.Drucker, Peter F.(1988)。Management and the world's work。Harvard Business Reviews，66，65-76。  new window
3.Posner, B. Z.、Schmidt, W. H.(1992)。Values and the American manager: An update updated。California Management Review，34(3)，80-94。  new window
4.Bamberger, I.(1986)。Values and strategic behavior。Management International Review，26(4)，57-69。  new window
5.Shapiro, Carl(1989)。The theory of business strategy。RAND Journal of Economics，20(1)，125-137。  new window
6.Chusmir, L. H.、Parker, B.(1991)。Gender and situational differences in managers' values: A look at work and home lives。Journal of Business Research，23(4)，325-335。  new window
7.England, G. W.(1978)。Managers and Their Value Systems: A Five-Country Comparative Study。Columbia Journal of World Business，35-44。  new window
8.Howard, R.(1990)。Values make the company: An interview with Robert Haas。Harvard Business Review，68，132-144。  new window
9.Ibrahim, A. B.、Kelly, J.(1986)。Leadership style at the policy level。Journal of General Management，11(3)，37-46。  new window
10.Lee, J. A.(1988)。Changes in managerial values: 1965-1986。Business Horizon，29-37。  new window
11.Mason, E.(1949)。The Current Status of the Monopoly Problem in the U.S.。Harvard Law Review，62，1265-1285。  new window
12.Posner, B. Z.、Munson, J. M.(1979)。The importance of values in understanding organizational research。Human Resource Management，18(3)，14。  new window
13.Rokeach, M.、Ball-Rokeach, S. J.(1989)。Stability and change in American value priorities, 1968-1981。American Psychologist，775-784。  new window
14.Shetty, Y. K.(1979)。New look at corporate goals。California Management Review，22，71-79。  new window
15.Singer, A. E.(1994)。Strategy as moral philosophy。Strategic Management Journal，15(3)，191-213。  new window
16.Posner, B. Z.、Kouzes, J. M.、Schmidt, Warren H.(1985)。Shared values make a difference: An empirical test of corporate culture。Human Resource Management，24(3)，293-309。  new window
17.O'Reilly, Charles A. III、Chatman, Jennifer A.、Caldwell, David F.(1991)。People and organizational culture: a profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit。Academy of Management Journal，34(3)，487-516。  new window
18.Meglino, B. M.、Ravlin, E. C.、Adkins, C. L.(1989)。A work values approach to corporate culture: A field test of the value congruence process and its relationship to individual outcomes。Journal of Applied Psychology，74(3)，424-432。  new window
19.Snow, Charles C.、Hrebiniak, Lawrence G.(1980)。Strategy, Distinctive Competence, and Organizational Performance。Administrative Science Quarterly，25(2)，317-336。  new window
20.Prahalad, Coimbatore K.、Hamel, Gary(1990)。The core competence of the corporation。Harvard Business Review，68(3)，79-91。  new window
21.Teece, David J.、Pisano, Gary、Shuen, Amy(1997)。Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management。Strategic Management Journal，18(7)，509-533。  new window
22.Posner, Barry Z.、Schmiat, Warren H.(1984)。Values and the American manager: An update。California Management Review，26(3)，202-216。  new window
23.Grant, Robert M.(1996)。Prospering in Dynamically-Competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration。Organization Science，7(4)，375-387。  new window
24.Hitt, M. A.、Tyler, B. B.(1991)。Strategic decision models: Integrating different perspectives。Strategic Management Journal，12(5)，327-351。  new window
25.Dierickx, Ingemar、Cool, Karel(1989)。Asset Stock Accumulation and Sustainability of Competitive Advantage。Management Science，35(12)，1504-1511。  new window
26.Steers, Richard M.(1975)。Problems in the measurement of organizational effectiveness。Administrative Science Quarterly，20(4)，546-558。  new window
27.Wernerfelt, Birger(1984)。A Resource-based View of the Firm。Strategic Management Journal，5(2)，171-180。  new window
28.Hambrick, Donald C.、Mason, Phyllis A.(1984)。Upper Echelons: The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers。Academy of Management Review，9(2)，193-206。  new window
學位論文
1.丁虹(1983)。民營企業經理人員價值觀與生活型態之研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳正平(1978)。企業主持人特徵與策略選擇及企業績效之研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.蔣永芳(1983)。國營事業經理人員領導型態與其價值觀生活型態關係的研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.朴英培(1988)。工作價值觀、領導型態、工作滿足與組織承諾關係之研究：以韓國電子業為例(博士論文)。國立政治大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.徐木蘭(1988)。行為科學與管理。臺北市：三民。  延伸查詢new window
2.Allport, G. W.、Vernon, P. E.、Lindzey, G.(1960)。Study of values。Boston, MA：Houghton Mifflin。  new window
3.(1996)。1996年台北縣電腦商業同業公會會員名錄。台北縣電腦商業同業公會。  延伸查詢new window
4.Bain, Joe S.(1959)。Industrial organization。Wiley。  new window
5.Glueck, W. F.、Jauch, L. R.(1984)。Strategic management and business policy。New York：McGraw-Hill。  new window
6.Peters, T. J.、Waterman, R. H.(1982)。In search of excellence。New York：Harper：Harper Collins。  new window
7.Steiner, George A.(1969)。Top Management Planning。Macmillan。  new window
8.Rokeach, Milton J.(1973)。The Nature of Human Values。Free Press。  new window
9.Porter, Michael E.(1980)。Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors。Free Press。  new window
10.Miles, Raymond E.、Snow, Charles C.(1978)。Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process。McGraw-Hill。  new window
11.Porter, Michael E.(1990)。The competitive advantage of nations。New York, NY：Free Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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