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題名:婚姻衝突的敘說性研究
作者:王沂釗 引用關係
作者(外文):Wang, Yi-Chao
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:輔導系
指導教授:程小蘋
郭麗安
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2000
主題關鍵詞:婚姻衝突敘說敘說性研究marital conflictnarrativenarrative analysis
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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及對未來婚姻關係的期待。六對婚齡在五∼八年之夫妻接受本研究的訪談,每對夫妻皆共同敘說其戀人故事、婚姻衝突故事及個人生活歷史。研究者以同理的態度瞭解每對夫妻在面對及處理婚姻衝突的心理脈絡。
這些心理脈絡大致及個人的意義大致為:
1.經過多年的相處後,受訪的夫妻們均認為衝突是不可避免的事情,但是積極地認為衝突的發生及處理的過程,是可以讓雙方更瞭彼此的想法和性格上的差異。而多數的婚姻衝突在結婚之初即開始蘊釀,這是源於夫妻一方或各自堅持個人生活歷史的原生家庭經驗或是理想標準,當配偶的表現未符合個人期待的標準,特別是妻子發覺在現實的婚姻生活中,並未感受到是被照顧、被支持、被關心、可以依賴的理想幸福婚姻生活時,妻子通常會直接地表達心裡的不滿情緒,使衝突的問題得到重視。此現象反映了性別角色期待及權力不均等二項特殊文化因素,仍然是婚姻衝突經常爭吵不休的主要原因。
2.從敘說的資料可以發現,婚姻衝突是一種循環發生的現象,因此,婚姻衝突的處理需注意個人意義的發展脈絡及衝突對婚姻關係的影響。而維持婚姻關係的主要原因,是在處理衝突的過程中,夫妻雙方都考慮到個人選擇的責任、小孩子的教育問題,並且認為婚姻關係是可以改善的,所以絕不輕言提到離婚的想法。
3.雖然不同的婚姻衝突仍然會發生,但是在敘說之後,夫妻對婚姻衝突看法的改變是持較肯定、開放的態度,認為可以多瞭解配偶的想法,對於未來婚姻關係的期待,則是能繼續像朋友一樣相扶持,滿足雙方被瞭解、被支持、尋求情感安慰的心理需求,可以共同經營婚姻關係。
4.敘說提供了夫妻及研究者三方同時理解的空間,參與研究的夫妻們多能朝向發展互為主體的過程,也能站在配偶的立場著想,讓夫妻雙方對彼此及婚姻關係有更多的、不同的解釋觀點;而研究者在傾聽、理解、分析的過程中,覺解個人的婚姻期待與未來生活的行動目標。
This study is designed to explore the development and management of marital conflict. First, it records how six couples go through a process of externalization, deconstruction, re-authorizing, and work together to produce narratives about their lover stories, marital stories and life histories. The technique of narrative analysis is then applied to the examination of the data collected.
The findings of this study may be summarized as follows.
First of all, the participants have the consensus that marital conflicts are inevitable, the formation of which can date back as early as to the beginning of the relationship. They usually stem from the couple''s different experiences with their respective birth family. Marital conflicts arise when a certain party in the marriage the wife, in many cases have very definite expectations for the marriage and finds the gap between realities and ideals unbearable. The wife tends to be the one that takes the initiative to speak up and express her dissatisfaction with the state of things in the marriage. Ordinarily the wife is more aware of what is in the lacking in a dysfunctional marriage. While giving their narrative accounts and trying to contextualize their marital conflict, both the husband and the wife, however, can view the conflict as a potential turning point in their marriage and recognize its value in allowing them to further understand their spouse.
Second, as the data collected by this study indicate, marital conflict often arises as part of a vicious circle. The attempts to resolve such conflicts, therefore, need to address the overall contexts of the personal meanings involved and to attend to the manner in which such personal meanings affect the marital relationships. The factors crucial to the maintenance and consolidation of the marriage include: the couple seeing the marriage as a matter of personal choice, sharing a sense of responsibility to it; the couple regarding child rearing and education as a priority; sharing a commitment to their parental duties; the couple sharing the conviction that they can work together to improve the marriage and that they should make every effort to avoid divorce.
Third, even though the experience of narrating marital conflict cannot dissolve the marital problems involved once and for all, this experience apparently proves helpful to the relationship. All the husbands and wives under study agree that, having been through this experience, they are now more willing to deal with their marital problems with an open-minded, positive attitude. They are prepared to seek to understand and respond to the needs of their partner, working together in a friendly, empathic spirit, each doing their share to create a fulfilling marriage.
Fourth, constructing narrative accounts offers an opportunity for the researcher as well as the couple to better understand what is happening in the marriage. This empirical study attests to the promise of narrative analysis, showing how this technique can help all the parties involved cope with their marital conflict with great reflexivity.
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