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題名:對外直接投資對廠商出口競爭力之影響–投資地點與研發之作用
作者:何文程
作者(外文):HO,WEN-CHENG
校院名稱:國立暨南國際大學
系所名稱:國際企業學系
指導教授:許文忠
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2019
主題關鍵詞:投資中國大陸(FDI)投資地理位置研發China Investment/FDIthe geography of investmentresearch and development
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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對外直接投資(FDI)最具爭議的問題之一,就是關於OFDI如何影響母國廠商出口競爭力,更具體而言,是關於國外生產是否補充或替代母公司或母國公司之出口。即便該領域已發展出些許重要理論及部分計量經濟學研究,但對於FDI如何對母國廠商出口產生影響,仍具有相當大的歧見。部分研究發現,FDI與母國廠商出口之間為互補關係,而其他研究則顯示FDI與母國廠商出口呈現替代相關,甚至有些研究同時得證正面與負面之影響。說明了FDI對本國出口之影響仍然有待解答。
先前許多研究,偏重於宏觀(Macro level),以研究FDI與母國出口間之總體關係為目標,但是,此等研究未能顯示不同投資地點與研發投入所具有的顯著異質性。為了解決此種相互矛盾研究結果的可能方法之一,應當依照公司行業特徵(firm level)與地區別將其資料解析。
本研究使用上市櫃公司(firm)資料,將臺灣電子工業近20年來的投資解構,研究發現,臺灣電子工業的對外投資活動已經逐漸擺脫以往勞力密集型產業而逐漸轉變為知識技術密集型,也發現由於中國大陸與臺灣地理位置及同文化語言上的優勢,對臺商前往大陸設廠是可以有效的補充臺灣廠商對外的出口值。
One of the most controversial questions concerning Outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is how it impacts the export competitiveness of companies in their home countries. Specifically, the issue is whether foreign production supplements or supplants the export of the parent company or the company in its home country. While the field has developed critical theories and some econometrics research results, controversy remains on how FDI impacts home country export. Several research findings indicate that the relationship between FDI and home country export is reciprocal. Other research results indicate that the correlation between FDI and home country export is supplantive. Some research even identified both positive and negative impact. The research results show that there are further questions to be answered regarding the impact of FDI on home country export.
Many earlier studies leaned towards Macro-level, with aims focused on the comprehensive correlation between FDI and home country export. However, these studies were unable to demonstrate the significant heterogeneity between different investment locations and research investments. A possible approach that can resolve the contradictory results is to begin at the firm level, using corporate characteristics of listed firms and regional differences for data analysis.
This study used data of listed firms and deconstructed the investment structure of Taiwan’s electronics industry for the past twenty years. The research results show that the foreign investment activities headed by Taiwan’s electronics industry has gradually dissociated from the previous labor-intensive industrial model, and shifted towards knowledge- and technology-intensive model. This study also found that, due to the shared geographical location, culture, and language between Mainland China and Taiwan, Taiwan’s firms can effectively supplement home country export value by establishing production units in Mainland China.
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