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題名：階層化的他者：家務移工的招募、訓練與種族化
書刊名：臺灣社會學刊
作者：藍佩嘉 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lan, Pei-chia
出版日期：2005
卷期：34
頁次：頁1-57
主題關鍵詞：種族化；他者化；外勞；移工；家務勞工；仲介；Racialization；Otherization；Migrant worker；Domestic worker；Recruitment agency
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(45) 博士論文(1) 專書(3) 專書論文(4)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:44
  • 共同引用共同引用:145
  • 點閱點閱:275
「種族化」指的是將特定社群的生物或文化特性標示、界定為自然本質的社會過程。本文檢視台灣仲介對於不同國籍的家務移工所賦予的種族化論述，以及仲介如何透過招募機制、訓練過程來強化族群差異的建構。經驗資料的收集針對菲律賓與印尼籍家務移工進行比較，探討何以兩者在近年來呈現數量相對消長的情形。本研究發現，仲介業者藉由類型化的刻板印象，建構出階層化的種族他者，並且在移工勞動市場中創造市場利基，以及工作內容、勞動權益上的區隔。仲介業者在向雇主促銷印尼女傭的同時，必須折衷化解移工的「控制形象」上的矛盾，要把不文明、落後的移工形象，轉化為有紀律、服從、專業的僕人。本文指出，仲介透過三項具體的組織作為來製造「理想的女傭」： (1)經由選擇性的招募管道，仲介刻意尋找溫順的、從屬於地方監控網絡的年輕農村女性；(2) 經由規訓性的訓練課程，來「文明化」、「現代化」 這些鄉下女孩；(3)經由服裝、髮型與個性的管理，來呈現出一種去女性化、符應雇主期待與想像的僕人樣貌。
Racialization is a social process through which groups are marked by physical or cultural differences that become naturalized as essential. The author looks at the racialization of migrant domestic workers in Taiwan with a focus on employment agency discourses and practices. Taiwan has recently witnessed a decline in the recruitment of Filipina maids and a consequent increase in the number of Indonesian maids. This paper analyzes hidden reasons behind the ethnic stratification of these groups, in particular, the tendency of recruitment agents to establish differences between "unruly Filipinas" and "docile Indonesians" to rationalize market segmentation and hierarchical labor conditions. Those agencies also actively produce "ideal servants" by a) purposefully recruiting young female villagers subject to local network control; b) "civilizing" and "modernizing" these women through training; and c) representing migrant women as de-feminized and suitable servants through the management of dress codes, hairstyles, and personality.
期刊論文
1.Bakan, Abigail、Stasiulis, Daiva(1995)。Making the Match: Domestic Placement Agencies and the Racialization of Women's Household Work。Signs，20(2)，303-335。  new window
2.Bresnahan, Mary(1979)。English in the Philippines。Journal of Communication，29(2)，64-71。  new window
3.Martin, David(1996)。Labor Contractors: A Conceptual Overview。Asian Pacific Migration Journal，5(2/3)，201-218。  new window
4.Okunishi, Yoshio(1996)。Labor Contracting in International Migration: The Japanese Case and Implications for Asia。Asian and Pacific Migration Journal，5(2/3)，219-240。  new window
5.Rudnyckyj, Daromir(2004)。Technologies of Servitude: Governmentality and Indonesian Transnational Labor Migration。Anthropological Quarterly，77(3)，407-434。  new window
6.Sibayan, Bonifacio(1991)。The Intellectualization of Filipino。International Journal of the Sociology of Language，88(1)，69-82。  new window
7.Cheng, Shu-Ju Ada(2003)。Rethinking the globalization of domestic service: Foreign domestic, state control, and the politics of identity in Taiwan。Gender and Society，17(2)，166-186。  new window
8.Hugo, Graeme(1995)。International labor migration and the family: Some observations from Indonesia。Asian and Pacific Migration Journal，4(2/3)，273-301。  new window
9.Lan, Pei-Chia(2003)。"They have more money but I speak better English!" Transnational encounters between Filipina domestics and Taiwanese employers。Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power，10(2)，133-161。  new window
10.Hondagneu-Sotelo, Pierrette(1994)。Regulating the Unregulated?: Domestic Workers' Social Networks。Social Problems，41(1)，50-63。  new window
11.丘德真(2002)。外勞詩學、文化游擊:SMT(Samahang Makata-Taiwan)。破週報，206，6。  延伸查詢new window
12.Loveband, Anne(2004)。Positioning the Product: Indonesian Migrant Women Workers in Taiwan。Journal of Contemporary Asia，34(3)，336-348。  new window
13.Colen, R.(1987)。The Work Conditions of Immigrant Women Live-in Domestics: Racism, Sexual Abuse and Invisibility。Resources for Feminist research，16(1)，36-38。  new window
14.成露茜(20021200)。跨國移工、臺灣建國意識與公民運動。臺灣社會研究，48，15-43。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.曾嬿芬(20040600)。引進外籍勞工的國族政治。臺灣社會學刊，32，1-58。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.龔尤倩(20021200)。外勞政策的利益結構與翻轉的行政實驗初探--以臺北市的外勞行政、文化實踐為例。臺灣社會研究，48，235-285。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.藍佩嘉(20041200)。女人何苦為難女人？僱用家務移工的三角關係。臺灣社會學，8，43-97。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.蔡明璋、陳嘉慧(19970900)。國家、外勞政策與市場實踐：經濟社會學的分析。臺灣社會研究季刊，27，69-95。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.Williamson, Oliver E.(1981)。The Economics of Organization: The Transaction Cost Approach。American Journal of Sociology，87(3)，548-577。  new window
學位論文
1.Alegado, Dean Tiburico(1992)。The Political Economy of International Labor Migration from the Philippines(博士論文)。Hawaii University, Manoa，Manoa。  new window
2.吳挺鋒(1997)。「外勞」休閒生活的文化鬥爭(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Miles, Robert(1989)。Racism。London。  new window
2.National Commission on the Roles of Filipino Women(1993)。Filipino Women Migrants: A Statistical Factbook。Quezon City：National Commission on the Roles of Filipino Women。  new window
3.Veblen, Thorstein(1994)。The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions。New York：B.W. Huebsch。  new window
4.Lie, John(2001)。Multiethnic Japan。Cambridge, Mass.：Harvard University Press。  new window
5.Lee, Ching Kwan(1998)。Gender and the South China Miracle: Two Worlds of Factory Women。University of California Press。  new window
6.Lin, Jean Chin-Ju(1999)。Filipina Domestic Workers in Taiwan: Structural Constraints and Personal Resistance。Taipei：Taiwan Grassroots Women Workers Centre。  new window
7.Omi, Michael、Winant, Howard(1994)。Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s。Routledge。  new window
8.Pertierra, Raul(1992)。Remittances and Returnees: The Cultural Economy of Migration in Ilocos。Quezon City：New Day Publishers。  new window
9.Rollins, J.(1985)。Between Women: Domestics and Their Employers。Philadelphia：Temple University Press。  new window
10.Parrenas, RJiacel Salazar(2001)。Servants of Globalization: Women, Migration and Domestic。Stanford：Stanford University Press。  new window
11.Constable, Nicole(1997)。Maid to Order in Hong-Kong: Stories of Filipina Workers。Itasca, IL：Cornell University Press。  new window
12.Lan, Pei-Chia(2006)。Global Cinderellas: Migrant Domestics and Newly Rich Employers in Taiwan。Duke University Press。  new window
13.Bourdieu, Pierre、Raymond, Gino、Adamson, Matthew、Thompson, John B.(1991)。Language and Symbolic Power。Cambridge, MA：Polity Press。  new window
14.Crystal, David(1997)。English as a global language。Cambridge University Press。  new window
15.Zerubavel, Eviatar(1991)。The Fine Line: Making Distinctions in Everyday Life。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
16.Collins, Patricia Hill(1991)。Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment。New York。  new window
17.Abella, Manola(1992)。Contemporary Labor Migration from Asia: Policies and Perspectives of Sending Countries。International Migration Systems: A Global Approach。Oxford。  new window
18.Ogaya, Chiho(1992)。Feminization and Empowerment: Organizational Activities of Filipino Women Workers in Hong Kong and Singapore。Filipino Diaspora: Demography, Social Networks, Empowerment and Culture。Quezon City, Philippines。  new window
圖書論文
1.Wieviorka, Michel(1994)。Racism in Europe: Unity and Diversity。Racism, Modernity and Identity。London：Polity Press。  new window
2.Balibar, Etienne(1991)。Is There a Neo-Racism?。Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities。Verso。  new window
3.Wallerstein, Immanuel(1991)。The Construction of Peoplehood: Racism, Nationalism, Ethnicity。Race, Nation, and Class: Ambiguous Identiti。London：Verso。  new window
4.Yuval-Davis, Nira(1999)。Ethnicity, Gender Relations and Multiculturalism。Race, Identity and Citizenship: A Readery。Oxford：Blackwell。  new window
 
 
 
 
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