As a scholar, Lee Hwa adopted the viewpoint of the Kai-yuan period and emphasized the virtue as main criteria for the literati. He valued the connection between learning and morality. He singled out the change of the choice for civil service as an important factor to describe the changing attitude of self-discipline of scholars. According to his observation, such change can be traced back to the golden years of Xuan-zhong period. The change of LeeHwa's thought should e understood through the structural change of his time. Many a scholar of the early Tang disagreed with the abolishment of the local-gentry system, which caused the moral downfall of the Literati, since the local judge of one's behavior was valued no more. The expansion of the national examination of the Xuan-zhong period furthered the gap of moral value and ability. The only possibility left for the philosopher was to encourage scholars to introspect. Such thoughts can be seen in the essays and poems of the scholars of Lee Hwa's time.