After Japan governed Taiwan in the late 19th century, the Japanese colonial authorities retained Santaro Okamatsu, a legal professor in Kyoto University, to investigate old customs of Taiwanese and complete the codification of them. With his talent in interpreting legal provisions, Santaro Okamatsu did this job for the purpose of supporting his academic argument, that is, a good civil code should take into accounts not only legal institutions in the modern West but also culture and society in East Asia. Based on the legal knowledge supplied by Santaro Okamatsu, the goal of adopting a legal institution is to pursue the best interest of the government. Superficially, Santaro Okamatsu was influential for the civil law in the former period of Japanese rule. This success, however, resulted from his meeting the need of policy of the state. Once the policy changed, the draft of civil code for which Santaro Okamatsu had worked for over ten years was given up. What Santaro Okamatsu is missed today is his excellent legal interpretation of Taiwanese old customs and its codification. In fact, such an academic achievement is the best contribution a legal scholar can do. Interestingly, under the democratization and localization in Taiwan in the 1990s, a group of Taiwanese legal scholars who have similar academic background and opinion with Santaro Okamatsu, companying the legislative organ and courts in Taiwan, have largely carried out the dream of Santaro Okamatsu, namely, to enact and implement a modern civil code corresponding with the culture and society of who are governed by the code.