本文試圖探討客家人在現代中國革命上所扮演的重要角色。主要分兩部分。第一部分廣泛討論客家與中國革命運動之關係，包括太平天國起義和辛亥革命時期的革命團體和活動；第二部分則以孫中山爲主軸，除了討論其本身的客屬問題，也藉由觀察其周邊參與其革命事業之志士的籍貫身份，來析論其所設立的革命組織（以興中會和同盟會爲主）、革命戰役（以惠州和黃花崗起義爲主）、革命軍（以黃埔軍校爲主）與客家的關係；最後亦談及也是客家人的羅福星在臺灣的抗日運動，以此作爲探討孫中山辛亥革命與臺灣之關聯的切入點。

The focus of this paper is the role of the Hakka people in the history of the modern Chinese revolution. The first part addresses the relationship between Hakka figures and Chinese social movements and uprisings, including the Taiping Rebellion and some revolutionary groups and activities during the Xinhai Revolution period. The second part discusses Sun Yat-sen as a key factor in Chinese history. In this part, I emphasize Sun Yat-sen's Hakka identity, and also his revolutionary comrades. This part also examines the role of Hakkas in his revolutionary organizations (Xingzhong Association and Tongmeng Association), revolutionary battles (Huizhou Uprising and Huanghuagang Uprising), and revolutionary army (Huangpu Military School). The final section discusses the relationship between Taiwan and the Chinese revolution, focusing on Fuxing Luo, an ethnic Hakka, and his anti-Japanese activities.