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題名：所知障是無明或無知？在東亞唯識學與印-藏中觀學之間
書刊名：法鼓佛學學報
作者：劉宇光
作者(外文)：Lau, Lawrence Y. K.
出版日期：2011
卷期：8
頁次：頁103-141
主題關鍵詞：所知障；無明；無知；不染無明；不染無知；Jñeyāvara□a；Avidyā；Ajñāna；Akli□□a-avidyā；Akli□□a-ajñāna
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本文是在與印- 藏中觀學對比的視野下， 探討東亞唯識學所知障 （jñeyāvaraṇa）體性何屬的問題，這是筆者東亞唯識學所知障研究的完結篇。 體性何屬是指：（a）所知障染、非染孰是？（b）若為汙染，是哪一個意義下 的汙染，與無明和不染無知之間是什麼關係。（c）所知障體性與大、小乘佛 教宗教願景的差別之間的關係。討論的線索是沿着相似但不相同的一對概念展 開，即梵文的無明（avidyā）和無知（ajñāna），並伸延及「不染無明」 （akliṣṭa-avidyā）和不染無知（akliṣṭa-ajñāna），乃至其藏文翻譯。正文由兩 部份組成，第一部份「東亞唯識學的不染無知」。沿着由部派佛學、早期印度 唯識學，到玄奘系東亞唯識學的脈絡，以無知和無明兩個概念的對比，來闡釋 東亞唯識學所知障體性何屬的自宗義。其內容依次為：（1）扼述筆者就唯識 宗「所知障」提出的兩層說。（2）對無明與無知的梵文語法分析。（3）簡單 追溯部派佛學論兩種無知之沿革。（4）以早期唯識論書為據，考察唯識宗對 「無明」和「不染無知」的見解。（5）探討《成唯識論》及《佛地經論》的 東亞唯識系統如何在「無明」和「不染無知」之間，解決所知障體性何屬之疑 難。
This article is a study of the nature of “obstruction of knowledge (jñeyāvaraṇa)” as presented in both East Asian Vijñānavāda and with Indo-Tibetan Mādhyamika. It is my final chapter on this topic and aims at answering the following questions: (a) Is jñeyāvaraṇa is afflicted or non-afflicted? (b) If it is afflicted, in what sense is it afflicted, and how is it related to misconception (avidyā) and non-afflicted notknowing (akliṣṭa-ajñāna)? (c) How is the problem of the nature of jñeyāvaraṇa related to the distinctive missions of Hināyāna and Mahāyāna Buddhism? This study compares and contrasts the following two pairs of key concepts: first, avidyā and ajñāna and second, akliṣṭa-avidyā and akliṣṭa-ajñāna as presented in Sanskrit as well as Tibetan sources. The article is divided into two parts. Part One addresses the concept of akliṣṭa-ajñāna in the East Asian Vijñānavāda tradition. It discusses the problem of the nature of jñeyāvaraṇa by contrasting the concepts of avidyā and ajñāna found in Sectarian Buddhism, Early Yogācāra in India, and the East Asian Vijñānavāda as introduced by Xuanzang. This part includes five sections: (1) An introduction to my two-fold theory on jñeyāvaraṇa of East Asian Vijñānavāda. (2) Grammatical analysis of the terms avidyā and ajñāna. (3) A discussion of Sectarian Buddhism’s two-typed classification of ajñāna. (4) A discussion of avidyā and akliṣṭa-ajñāna according to Early Yogācāra śāstras. (5) An exploration of how, the problematic nature of jñeyāvaraṇa is addressed in the Chengweishi Lun and the *Buddhabhūmi-sūtraśāstra by contrasting the concepts of avidyā and akliṣṭa-ajñāna.
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