East European Neo-Marxism is an important part of the twentieth-century Neo-Marxism. As the international influence of East European Neo-Marxism is growing, an overall understanding of its theory is essential to studies in this field. The so-called overall understanding should not be limited to the surface of the theory. Rather than seeing it as a sort of positivist knowledge or instrumental theory, we have to delve into the critical field in reality opened up by this theory and reveal its historical features and critical understanding about social reality. Therefore, this article studies the Problematic of East European Neo-Marxism, as well as the three dimensions of its problematic consciousness, through the organic combination of the "logic in reality" and the "logic in theory" in wishes to put its basic theoretical features and value orientation in perspective.