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題名：「分配正義」還是「形式正義」？身心障礙作為福利身分與歧視的雙重意涵
書刊名：臺灣社會福利學刊
作者：洪惠芬 引用關係
作者(外文)：Hung, Hui-fen
出版日期：2012
卷期：10:2
頁次：頁93-160
主題關鍵詞：身心障礙；社會模式；依賴；歧視；形式正義與分配正義；Disability；Social model；Dependency；Discrimination；Formal justice and distributive justice
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(8) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:8
  • 共同引用共同引用:72
  • 點閱點閱:198
2012年起臺灣將採用 WHO的ICF作為身障的定義與分類架構，現行身障鑑定體系將有巨幅的調整。政府已投入相當多的資源為新鑑定體系作準備。然而 ICF並不純粹是一套用來判定人們能否取得身障的身分、並評估其福利需要的工具。身障團體對 ICF最大的期許是希望藉此扭轉整個社會普遍對身障者的偏見與歧視。他們的期待顯然與政府目前將 ICF設想成一套更合理的身障鑑定與資源評估工具的立場存在落差。我們認為這種落差反映了身障這個概念在當代社會的雙重意涵。一方面身障作為福利身分，是現代社會配置福利資源的重要依據。同時身障也是社會對身體有損傷者的「壓制」。兩種意涵除了代表對身障者處境的不同解釋立場外，彼此對身障者也有的不同願景：前者為「分配正義」，後者是「形式正義」。本文將以文獻整理與分析的方式去回顧不同社會歷史與論述脈絡底下身障概念的雙重意涵，並在文末對臺灣相關政策進行初步檢視。
Begin in 2012, Taiwan is adopting ICF as the major assessment tool to define and categories of disability conditions on disabled population, under which the current arrangement of the identification of disabled persons will be transformed. The government has already invested budgetary and other resources in preparing the new system of disability identification. However, the ICF should not be viewed as a mere tool to identify disabled persons and to assess their welfare needs. The NGOs expect to use the ICF to alter the widespread prejudice and discrimination against disabled persons in society. Their expectation differs from the government’s assumption that the ICF is a useful tool of disability identification and needs assessment. Such a disagreement reflects the double implications of disability in contemporary society. On the one hand, disability as a basis of welfare entitlement is a political solution to allocate welfare resource to people with disabilities. On the other hand, from social model perspective, disability means the social oppression of the impaired persons. These two implications not only explain disability differently but they also have different visions of disabled people: the former stands for “distributive justice”; the latter believes in “formal justice.” This article uses the method of literature review and analysis to examine the double implications of the concept of disability in various social, historical, discourse contexts, and examines the relevant policies in Taiwan.
期刊論文
1.Pope, D.、Bambra, C.(2005)。Has the Disability Discrimination Act closed the employment gap ?。Disability and rehabilitation，27(20)，1261-1266。  new window
2.Bickenbach, J. E.、Chatterji, S.、Badley, E. M.、Üstün, T. B.(1999)。Models of disablement, universalism and the international classification of impairments, disabilities and handicaps。Social Science & Medicine，48(9)，1173-1187。  new window
3.鄭津津(20030700)。美國就業歧視法制之研究--兼論我國相關法制應有之發展。國立臺灣大學法學論叢，32(4)，135-205。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.洪惠芬(20080200)。「依賴」是人類社會無可避免的現實與挑戰：Eva F. Kittay對依賴與照顧的論點。臺灣社會福利學刊，6:2，147-202。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.張世雄(20080200)。身心障礙研究、社會建構與生命歷程政策[評Disability: A Life Course Approach by Mark Priestley]。臺灣社會福利學刊，6:2，203-212。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.張恆豪、蘇峰山(20090200)。評Disability Rights and Wrongs [by Tom Shakespeare]。臺灣社會福利學刊，7:2，191-205。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Kittay, Eva Feder(2001)。When Caring is Just and Justice is Caring: Justice and Mental Retardation。Public Culture，13(3)，557-579。  new window
8.van der Veen, Romke、Trommel, Willem(1999)。Managed Liberalization of the Dutch Welfare State: A Review and Analysis of the Reform of the Dutch Social Security System, 1985-1998。Governance，12(3)，289-310。  new window
9.Goering, Sara(2002)。Beyond the medical model? Disability, formal justice, and the exception for the profoundly impaired。Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal，12(4)，373-388。  new window
10.吳秀照(20071200)。臺中縣身心障礙者就業需求：排除社會障礙的就業政策探討。社會政策與社會工作學刊，11(2)，149-198。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.Burry, M.(2000)。A Comment on the ICIDH2。Disability & Society，15(7)，1073-1077。  new window
12.Gleeson, B. J.(1997)。Disability Studies: A Historical Materialist View。Disability & Society，12(2)，179-202。  new window
13.Goodin, R. E.(200101)。Work and Welfare: Towards a Post-productivist Welfare Regime。British Journal of Political Science，31(1)，13-39。  new window
14.Gustavsson, A.(2004)。The Role of Theory in Disability Research: Springboard or Straitjacket?。Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research，6(1)，55-70。  new window
15.Kieselbach, T.(20030901)。Long-term Unemployment among Young People: The Risk of Social Exclusion。American Journal of Community Psychology，32(1/2)，69-76。  new window
16.Morris, J.(1992)。Personal and Political: A Feminist Perspective on Researching Physical Disability。Disability, Handicap & Society，7(2)，157-166。  new window
17.Morris, Jenny(1993)。Feminism and Disability。Feminist Review，43(1)，57-70。  new window
18.Morris, J.(2001)。Impairment and Disability: Constructing an Ethics of Care That Promotes Human Rights。Hypatia，16(4)，1-16。  new window
19.van Oorschot, W.、Boos, C.(2000)。The Battle against Numbers: Disability Policies in the Netherlands。European Journal of Social Security，2(4)，343-362。  new window
20.Paugam, S.(19961101)。Poverty and Social Disqualification: A Comparative Analysis of Cumulative Social Disadvantage in Europe。Journal of European Social Policy，6(4)，287-303。  new window
21.Pearson, C.、Watson, N.(2007)。Tackling Disability Discrimination in the United Kingdom: The British Disability Discrimination Act。Washington University journal of Law and Policy，23(95)，95-120。  new window
22.Scourfield, P.(200507)。Implementing the Community Care (Direct Payments) Act: Will the Supply of Personal Assistants Meet the Demand and at What Price?。Journal of Social Policy，34(3)，469-488。  new window
23.Sheldon, A.、Traustadottir,, R.、Beresford, P.、Boxall, K.、Oliver(2007)。Review Symposium: Disability and Wrongs?。Disability & Society，22(2)，209-234。  new window
24.Silvers, A.(1995)。Reconciling Equality to Difference: Caring (F) or Justice for People with Disablities。Hypatia，10(1)，30-55。  new window
25.Thomas, C.(2004)。How is Disability Understood? An Examination of Sociological Approaches。Disability & Society，19(6)，569-583。  new window
26.Williams, Simon J.(1999)。Is Anybody There? Critical Realism, Chronic Illness, and the Disability Debate。Sociology of Health and Illness，21(6)，797-819。  new window
研究報告
1.呂朝賢(2003)。身心障礙者障礙類別與福利配套規劃之研究 (計畫編號：092000000AU631003)。臺北：內政部。  延伸查詢new window
2.林萬億(2010)。規劃我國在國際健康功能與身心障礙分類系統（ICF）下身心障者相關福利服務輸送規劃及整合 (計畫編號：PG9712-0175)。臺北：內政部。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Stone, D. A.(1985)。The disabled state。Basingstoke。  new window
2.Fraser, Nancy(1989)。Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory。London。  new window
3.Giddens, Anthony(1998)。The Third Way: The Renewal of Social Democracy。Oxford：Blackwell publishers Ltd.。  new window
4.Offe, C.、Keane, John(1984)。Contradictions of the welfare state。London：Hutchinson。  new window
5.O'Connor, James(1973)。The Fiscal Crisis of the State。New York：St. Martin's Press。  new window
6.Shakespeare, Tom W.(2006)。Disability Rights and Wrongs。Routledge。  new window
7.Sainsbury, Diane(1996)。Gender, Equality, and Welfare States。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Kittay, Eva Feder(1999)。Love's Labor: Essays on Women, Equality, and Dependency。Routledge。  new window
9.Barnes, C.、Mercer, G.(2003)。Disability。Cambridge：Polity Press。  new window
10.Barry, N.(1987)。The New Right。New York and Sydney：Croom Helm。  new window
11.Esping-Andersen, G.(1999)。Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economics。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
12.Finkelstein, V.(1980)。Attitudes and Disabled People。New York：World Rehabilitation Fund。  new window
13.Priestley, M.(2003)。Disability: A Life Course Approach。Cambridge：Polity Press。  new window
14.Rothman, D. J.、Rothman, S. M.(2005)。The Willowbrook Wars: Bringing the Mentally Disabled into the Community。Psicataway, NJ：Aldine Transaction。  new window
15.UPIAS(1976)。Fundamental Principles of Disability。London：Union of Physically Impaired Against Segregation。  new window
其他
1.內政部統計處(2011)。99年國人零歲平均餘命估測結果，http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/Life/T04-analysis.html， 2011/10/01。  延伸查詢new window
2.Finkelstein, V.(1984)。Schemes for Independent Living，http://www.disability-archive.leeds.ac.uk/.， 2008/12/28。  new window
3.Finkelstein, V.(2001)。The Social Model of Disability Repossessed，http://www.disability-archive.leeds.ac.uk/， 2008/12/28。  new window
4.Schmid, G.(2008)。Full Employment and Social Justice: How Can Labour Market Risks Be Shared in a Fair and Efficient Way?，http://www.guentherschmid.eu/pdf/vortraege/salaam-08.pdf.， 2011/07/06。  new window
圖書論文
1.Esping-Andersen, Gøsta(2002)。Towards the Good Society, Once Again?。Why We Need a New Welfare State?。Oxford University Press。  new window
2.王國羽(20050000)。臺灣身心障礙人口問題與趨勢。臺灣的社會問題2005。臺北：巨流圖書公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.蕭新煌、孫志慧(2000)。一九八○年代以來臺灣社會福利運動的發展：演變與傳承。臺灣的社會福利運動。臺北：巨流。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Bussmaker, J.、van Kersbergen, K.(1999)。Contemporary Social-capitalist Welfare States and Gender。Gender Inequality and Welfare State Regimes。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
5.Crow, L.(1996)。Including All Our Lives: Renewing the Social Model of Disability。Encounters with Strangers: Feminism and Disability。London：Women’s Press。  new window
6.Elster, J.(1988)。Is There (or Should There Be) a Right to Work?。Democracy and the Welfare State。New Jersey：Princeton University Press。  new window
7.Francis, L. P.、Silvers, A.(2000)。Introduction: Achieving the Right to Live in the World: Americans with Disabilities and the Civil Rights Transition。Americans with Disabilities: Exploring Implications of the Law for Individuals and Institutions。New York：Routledge。  new window
8.Guba, E. C.(1990)。The Alternative Paradigm Dialog。The Paradigm Dialog。Newbury Park, London, and New Delhi：Sage Publications。  new window
9.Hemerijck, A.(2009)。In Search of a New Welfare State in Europe: An International Perspective。The Welfare State in Post-industrial Society。NY：Springer。  new window
10.Nirje, B.(1980)。The Normalization Principle。Normalization, Social Integration and Community Services。Baltimore：University Park Press。  new window
11.O’Connor, Julia S.(1999)。Employment Equality Strategies in Liberal Welfare State。Gender and Welfare State Regimes。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
12.Silvers, A.(1998)。Formal Justice。Disability, Difference, Discrimination: Perspectives on Justice in Bioethics and Public Policy。Lonahm, Boulder, New York and Oxford：Rowman and Littlefield Publishers。  new window
13.Vandenbroucke, F.(2002)。Foreword: Sustainable Social Justice and “Open Co-ordination” in Europe。Why We Need a New Welfare State。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
14.Wasserman, D.(1998)。Distributive Justice。Disability, Difference, Discrimination: Perspectives on Justice in Bioethics and Public Policy。Lonahm, Boulder, New York and Oxford：Rowman and Littlefield Publishers。  new window
 
 
 
 
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