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題名：戰略與軍事效能關係之研究
書刊名：復興崗學報
作者：陳偉華 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chen, Wei-hwa
出版日期：2014
卷期：105
頁次：頁37-62
主題關鍵詞：戰略；軍事效能；軍隊表現；軍事外交；戰鬥效能；Strategy；Military effectiveness；Military performance；Military diplomacy；Combat effectiveness
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 共同引用共同引用:53
  • 點閱點閱:18
自克勞塞維茲以降，研究戰略者莫不將戰略視為以達成政治目的為首要目標，以軍事武力為必要手段。因此，軍事效能的展現，無疑是遂行戰略的核心議題。問題是，政治目的的達成未必須動用軍事武力，且軍事效能的成功也不必然等於政治目的的達成，這也使得戰略在以政治目的為前導的條件下，思考軍事效能時，不一定仰仗軍事武力的成功。遺憾的是，戰略上慣常使用軍事武力的真正用意，並非思考軍事效能是否適用，反而是考量軍事武力能否立即使用。簡言之，政策上使用軍事武力，並非考慮其效用上的適用性，而是因其可以發揮立即且好用的特性，所以優先採用軍事武力。美國發動第二次波灣戰爭與進兵阿富汗，相當程度上即是此一思維的延續。本文研究發現，理解戰略與軍事效能的關餘，理想上，可以澄清戰略在執行政策時，軍事效能究竟應該扮演何種角色。但在實務運作上，從戰略與政策實踐的角度來看，軍事效能的表現方式甚為多元，達成政治目的的手段也是多樣化。然而勉強使用軍事武力以支持國家政策目的時，軍事效能的優異表現，並不完全等同於政治目的的成功。
Traditionally, researchers, since Clausewitz, have taken strategy that is aimed to carry out political purpose as their primary goal and use military force as a necessity. In this regard, military effectiveness has been seen as a core issue of strategy. However, achieving political purpose seems unnecessary using military means as a sole method, and success in military operation does not inevitably match with the success of achieving political aim. This has rendered a serious consideration that military effectiveness is not always reliable when political purpose is seen as a precondition for strategy. Unfortunately, reasons for using military forces frequently are not for its effectiveness but for its immediate convenience. In other words, the advantage for using military forces for policy is more on its rapid policy effect than on its necessity. Cases as US involvement into second US-Iraq War and US military invasion into Afghanistan apparently are legacy of such ideas. Thus, ideally, knowing the relations between strategy and military effectiveness could serve the purpose of verifying the role that military forces play in its carrying out policy aim. Nevertheless, in reality, the performance of military effectiveness, from the perspectives of strategic and policy implementation, should be waged in multiple ways on achieving political objectives. That is to say, performance of military effectiveness, sometimes, has not much to do with political aim in terms of using military force to carry out national policy.
期刊論文
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9.Fearon, James D.(1995)。Rationalist Explanations for War。International Organization，49(3)，379-414。  new window
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圖書
1.錢海皓(2001)。軍隊組織編制學。北京：軍事科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
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6.Brodie, Bernard(1959)。The Anatomy of Deterrence" as found in Strategy in the Missile Age。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
7.Boulding, Kenneth E.(1988)。Three Faces of Power。Newbury Park：Sage Publication。  new window
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11.James, Clayton(1985)。The Years of MacArthur: Disaster, 1945-1964。Boston：Houghton Miffin。  new window
12.Heuser, Beatrice(2010)。The Evolution of Strategy: Thinking War from Antiquity to the Present。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
13.Johnson, Stuart E.、Long, Duncan(2007)。Coping with the Dragon: Essays on PLA Transformation and the U.S. Military。Washington DC：Center for Technology and National Security Policy。  new window
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15.Neild, Robert(1990)。An Essay on Strategy As It Affects the Achievement of Peace in a Nuclear Setting。Macmillan。  new window
16.Neuman, Stephanie Military(1986)。Assistance in Recent Wars。New York：Praeger。  new window
17.Russell, Bertrand(1959)。Common Sense and Nuclear Warfare。New York：Simon & Schuster。  new window
18.United Kingdom Army Doctrine Publication-Land Operations(1988)。Ury, William L., Jeanne M. Brett, and Stephen B. Goldberg。San Francisco：Jossey Bass Publishers。  new window
19.U.S. Department of Defense(1996)。Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Strategic Mobility.。Washington, DC：DoD。  new window
20.U.S. Department of Defense(1997)。Report of the National Defense Panel。Washington DC：DoD。  new window
21.Winters, Harold(1998)。Battling the Elements: Weather and Terrain in the conduct of War。Baltimore：John Hopkins University Press。  new window
22.Gray, Colin S.(2002)。Strategy for Chaos: Revolution in Military Affairs and The Evidence of History。London：Frank Cass。  new window
23.Luttwak, Edward N.(1987)。Strategy: The Logic of War and Peace。Cambridge Ma：Harvard University press。  new window
24.Baylis, John(2002)。Strategy in the Contemporary World: An Introduction to Strategic Studies。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
25.Schelling, Thomas C.(1963)。The Strategy of Conflict。Oxford。  new window
26.Buzan, Barry Gordon、Wæver, Ole、De Wilde, Jaap(1998)。Security: a New Framework for Analysis。Lynne Rienner Publishers。  new window
27.Kriesberg, Louis(1998)。Constructive Conflicts from Escalation to Resolution。Lanham MD：Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc。  new window
28.Snyder, Glenn H.(1961)。Deterrence and Defense: Towards a Theory of National Security。Princeton, NJ：Princeton University Press。  new window
29.Kissinger, Henry A.(1957)。Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy。New York：London：Harper & Bros.：Oxford University Press。  new window
30.Huntington, Samuel Phillips(1957)。The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations。Harvard University Press。  new window
31.洪陸訓(19990500)。武裝力量與社會。台北：麥田。new window  延伸查詢new window
32.Van Evera, Stephen(1999)。Causes of War: Power and The Roots of Conflict。Cornell University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Betts, Richard K.(2009)。Are Civil-Military Relations Still a Problem?。American Civil-Military Relations: The Soldier and the State in a New Era。Baltimore：The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
2.von Bredow, Wilfried(2007)。Conceptual Insecurity: New Wars, MOOTW, CRO, Terrorism and Military。Social Science and the Military: An Interdisciplinary Overview。New York：Routledg。  new window
3.Brown, Seyom(1994)。World Interests and the Changing Dimensions of Security。World Security: Challenges for a New Century。New York：St. Martin's Press。  new window
4.George, Alexander L.(1991)。Strategies for Crisis Management。Avoiding War: Problems of Crisis Management。Boulder, Colorado：Westview Press Inc.。  new window
5.Handy, Charles(1993)。Understanding Organizations: How Understanding the Ways Organizations Actually Work。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
6.Knight, Andy(2008)。Civil-Military Cooperation and Human Security。Civil-Military Cooperation in Post-Conflict Operation: Emerging theory and practice。New York：London：Routledge。  new window
7.Richardson, James L.(1994)。The Crimean War Crisis, 1853-1854。Crisis Diplomacy: The Great Powers Since the Mid-?Nineteenth Century.。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Schadlow, Nadia、Lacquement, Richard A. Jr.(2009)。Winning Wars, Not Just Battles。American Civil-Military Relations: The Soldier and the State in a New Era。Baltimore：John Hopkins University Press.117-135。  new window
 
 
 
 
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