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題名：冒險治療之自然體驗團體對社會退縮青少年介入影響之研究
書刊名：體驗教育學報
作者：林立／林杏足 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lin, Li／Lin, Shin-drew
出版日期：2013
卷期：7
頁次：頁60-96
主題關鍵詞：自然體驗；社會退縮；青少年；冒險治療；Social withdrawal；Adolescent；Adventure therapy；Natural experience
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:77
  • 點閱點閱:14
本研究目的為探討冒險治療之自然體驗團體對社會退縮青少年在「社交互動焦慮感」、「社會自尊」、「人際關係」上的立即與追蹤輔導效果及相關影響。本研究採「不等組前後測」之準實驗設計，實驗組與控制組各有六名社會退縮青少年，透過導師推荐及研究者面談篩選而得，實驗組再加入兩名正向成員，共同接受八週的「冒險治療之自然體驗團體方案」。評量工具為「社交互動焦慮量表」、「青少年自尊量表-社會自尊分量表」及「中學生人際關係量表」，對研究對象實施前測、後測、六週後的追蹤測。量化資料採用無母數統計考驗，瞭解團體對社會退縮青少年之輔導效果。並以團體紀錄表、成員回饋表及成員訪談紀錄做為質性輔佐資料。研究結果如下。一、量化資料結果：「冒險治療之自然體驗團體」對社會退縮青少年在減輕社交互動焦慮感、提昇社會自尊及增進人際關係方面不具有立即輔導效果，且不具有追蹤輔導效果。二、質性資料結果：成員社交互動焦慮感個別差異大；社會自尊呈正向成長；在人際關係上能與人合作、給予他人肯定；對團體整體感受反應正向，但在互動氣氛與幫助面向上則有個別差異。根據上述發現，本研究對實務工作者提出團體方案介入之建議，並對未來研究提出研究焦點與方法上的建議。
The purpose of this study was to explore the immediate and follow-up counseling effects of ＂nature experience group of adventure therapy＂ on social interaction anxiety, social self-esteem, and interpersonal relationship of social withdrawal adolescents. This study used quasi-experimental design. The subjects consisted of 12 social withdrawal adolescents. They were in Grade 7 students from two junior high schools from Changhua, and they met the social withdrawal description, that was why they recommend by teachers. The researcher interviewed screening to subjects also. Finally, the subjects were assigned to experiment group and control group; students in school A were the experiment group, and students in school B were the control group, which was consisted of 6 participants each group. Then the researcher added two positive members to the experimental group, which consisted of eight members. The experiment group was treated with 8 sessions of ＂nature experience group of adventure therapy＂ group counseling, once per week and each 90 minutes. Outcome measures were administered at pretest, post-test and 6-week follow-up test by: ＂Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)＂, ＂Youth Self-Esteem Scale - social self-esteem subscale＂, and ＂Secondary School Students' Interpersonal Relationship Scale＂. The quantitative data was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test to understand the counseling effects of adventure therapy groups on social withdrawal adolescents. In addition, group records by the researcher, members' feedback through questionnaires and interviews were both used as the proofs and supplements of this research. Results are summarized below. 1. The ＂nature experience group of adventure therapy＂ had no immediate counseling effects on social withdrawal adolescents to reduce the social interaction anxiety, enhance social self-esteem and improve interpersonal relationship. 2. The ＂nature experience group of adventure therapy＂ had no follow-up counseling effects on social withdrawal adolescents to reduce the social interaction anxiety, enhance social self-esteem and improve interpersonal relationship. 3. In the qualitative data, members were very different in social interaction anxiety. In social self-esteem results, members had a positive performance trends. And members had some same and some different results in interpersonal relationship. They had positive performance in cooperation, but had individual differences in respect for differences, and in deal with conflict. Lastly, the majority of members were with positive attitude to the group experience; but they had individual differences in interactive atmosphere and helpful part. Overall, members had good evaluations about the program of adventure therapy group in this study. Based on these findings, the researcher proposed suggestions to practitioners about adventure therapy, natural experience of the group intervention program applied to social withdrawal adolescents. The researcher also proposed suggestions to the future research, including research focus and research methods.
期刊論文
1.Miller, S. R.、Coll, E.(2007)。From social withdrawal to social confidence: Evidence for possible pathways。Current Psychology，26(2)，86-101。  new window
2.Harrist, A. W.、Zaia, A. F.、Bates, J. E.、Dodge, K. A.、Pettit, G. S.(1997)。Subtypes of social withdrawal in early childhood: Sociometric status and social-cognitive differences across four years。Child Development，68(2)，278-294。  new window
3.侯怡君(20050700)。「害羞」面面觀。諮商與輔導，235，23-27。  延伸查詢new window
4.徐堅璽(20111200)。試論冒險治療的主體理論--佐以一國中生的治療實例。體驗教育學報，5，12-27。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Asendorpf, J.(1990)。Beyond social withdrawal: Shyness, unsociability and peer avoidance。Human Development，33，250-259。  new window
6.Berger, R.、McLeod, J.(2006)。Incorporating nature into therapy: A framework for practice。Journal of Systemic Therapies，25(2)，80-94。  new window
7.Chang, L.、Li, K.、Lei, L.、Liu, H.、Guo, B.、Wang, Y.、Fung, K.(2005)。Peer acceptance and self-perceptions of verbal and behavioural aggression and social withdrawal。International Journal of Behavioral Development，29(1)，48-57。  new window
8.Deater-Deckard, K.(2001)。Annotation: Recent research examining the role of peer relationships in the development of psychopathology。Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry，42(5)，565-579。  new window
9.Estes, C.、Ewert, A.(1988)。Enhancing mixed-gender programming: Considerations for experiential educators。The Bradford Papers Annual，3，34-43。  new window
10.Gass, M.(1991)。Enhancing metaphor development in adventure therapy programs。Journal of Experiential Education，14(2)，7-13。  new window
11.Hart, C. H.、Yang, C.、Nelson, L. J.、Robinson, C. C.、Olsen, J. A.、Nelson, D. A.(2000)。Peer acceptance in early childhood and subtypes of socially withdrawn behavior in China, Russia, and the United States。International Journal of Behavioral Development，24(1)，73-81。  new window
12.Houck, G. M.、Stember, L.(2002)。Small group experience for socially withdrawn girls。The Journal of School Nursing，18(4)，206-211。  new window
13.Kim, J.、Rapee, R. M.、Oh, K.、Moon, H.(2008)。Retrospective report of social withdrawal during adolescence and current maladjustment in young adulthood: Cross-culturalcomparisons between Australian and South Korean students。Journal of Adolescence，31(5)，543-563。  new window
14.Kvarme, L.、Helseth, S.、Sorum, R.、Luth-Hansen. V.、Haugland, S.、Natvig, G.(2010)。The effect of a solution-focused approach to improve self-efficacy in socially withdrawn school children: A non-randomized controlled trial。International Journal Of Nursing Studies，47(11)，1389-1396。  new window
15.Martin, A.、Leberman, S.、Neil, J.(2002)。Dramaturgy as a method for experiential programs designs。The Journal of Experiential Education，25，196-206。  new window
16.Mattick, R. P.、Clarke, J. C.(1998)。Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety。Behaviour Research and Therapy，36(4)，455-470。  new window
17.Wei, H. S.、Chen, J. K.(2009)。Social withdrawal, peer rejection, and peer victimization in Taiwanese middle school students。Journal of School Violence，8(1)，18-28。  new window
18.羅華倩、黃正鵠、連廷嘉(20040600)。焦點解決取向團體方案對高職學生諮商效果之研究。諮商輔導學報，10，51-81。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.Watson, David、Friend, Ronald(1969)。Measurement of Social Evaluative Anxiety。Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology，33(4)，448-457。  new window
20.林杏足(20031200)。青少年自尊量表編製報告。測驗學刊，50(2)，223-256。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.Hattie, John、Marsh, H. W.、Neill, J. T.、Richards, G. E.(1997)。Adventure education and outward bound: out-of-class experiences that make a lasting difference。Review of Educational Research，67(1)，43-87。  new window
22.Gass, M. A.、Gillis, H. L.(1995)。CHANGES: An assessment model using adventure experiences。The Journal of Experiential Education，18(1)，34-40。  new window
會議論文
1.陳素晴、林青穎(2009)。自然環境治療於心理衛生工作的應用。輔導與諮商碩博士研究生學術研討會。國立台中教育大學。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.陳李綢、蔡順良(2006)。中學生情緒智慧、人際關係、個人特質、自我效能及生活適應測量與適應性指標研究報告。臺北：國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.許慧雯(2010)。青少年依附、自尊、自我清晰度與社會焦慮之關係探討(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳彥良(2005)。阿德勒學派遊戲治療團體方案對國小害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.彭智絹(2005)。焦點解決取向團體方案對國小五年級害羞學童之效果研究(碩士論文)。臺北市立師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
4.詹淑瑗(2002)。「完形取向團體方案」對國小害羞兒童輔導效果之分析研究(碩士論文)。國立台北師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
5.陳霖(2008)。冒險式治療活動影響妥瑞症兒童及青少年情緒、社交與自信之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣體育大學(桃園)。  延伸查詢new window
6.傅宓慧(2008)。動物輔助活動應用於 國小「退縮--被拒絕」兒童之成效研究(碩士論文)。國立台東大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.葉珮玲(2002)。自我效能取向社交技巧訓練方案對國小公眾型害羞兒童 社交技巧及社交自我效能之影響(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學。  延伸查詢new window
8.潘美玲(2006)。音樂教學策略應用於害羞兒童小團體輔導之自我概念成效研究--以國小五年級學生為例(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學。  延伸查詢new window
9.蔡孟倫(2005)。社會技巧訓練團體對國小害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
10.林佳惠(1999)。自我教導訓練團體對國小六年級學童社會焦慮輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立新竹師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
11.侯怡君(2004)。害羞大學生社交情境之心理歷程與特質研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
12.陳智婷(2005)。現實治療取向團體輔導對國小高年級害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。屏東師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
13.林玉彬(2000)。認知行為取向團體諮商對國小害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。臺南師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
14.林吟芸(2007)。焦點解決團體對國小害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學。  延伸查詢new window
15.梅靜宇(2001)。探索教育活動對非行少年及一般國中生的影響之探究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
16.周鳳琪(2001)。國中適應不良學生參與探索諮商團體之效益研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
17.楊靜芳(2003)。社交焦慮、網路社交焦慮與網路環境特性之關聯性探討(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學，臺北。  延伸查詢new window
18.陳雅貞(1999)。情緒教育團體方案對國小害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
19.林清財(1984)。青少年自我統整與心理特質關係之研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
20.周淑玲(1993)。自我肯定訓練對國中害羞學生影響成效之研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Gass, M. A.、Gillis, H. L.、Russell, K. C.(2012)。Adventure therapy: Theory, research, and practice。New York, NY：Brunner-Routledge。  new window
2.郭託有、廖淑惠、施慧怡(2009)。體驗教育理論與實務。台北：華都文化事業有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
3.Cornell, J.、王家祥、張美惠(2005)。與孩子分享自然。台北市：張老師。  延伸查詢new window
4.O'Connell, T. S.、Cuthbertson, B.(2009)。Group dynamics in recreation and leisure: Creating conscious groups through an experiential approach。Champaign, IL：Human Kinetics。  new window
5.Rubin, Coplan R. J.(2010)。The development of shyness and social withdrawal in childhood and adolescence。New York：Guilford。  new window
6.徐西森(1997)。團體動力與團體輔導。台北市：心理出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.陳李綢、蔡順良(2009)。中學生人際關係量表--指導手冊。台北：心理。  延伸查詢new window
8.Lung, D. M.、Stauffer, G.、Alvarez, T.(2008)。Power of one: Using adventure and experiential activities within one on one counseling sessions。Oklahoma City, OK：Wood Bames。  new window
其他
1.Zimbardo, P. G.(1996)。Shyness，http://www.shyness.com/encyclopedia.htmlAbstract， 2011/07。  new window
圖書論文
1.Rubin, K. H.、Burgess, K. B.、Coplan, R. J.(2002)。Social withdrawal and shyness。Blackwell handbook of childhood' social development。Oxford：Blackwell Publishers。  new window
 
 
 
 
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