投票參與程度是統治正當性與民主品質的關鍵因素。探索選民投票與否的背後原因，也因此成為解析統治正當性和研判民主品質的重要途徑。長期以來，原住民立委選舉的投票率均遠低於一般區域立委選舉，似已經產生政治疏離的現象，因而使得以漢人為主體的政權統治欠缺原住民選民予以背書的正當性。有鑑於此，本研究乃以2013原住民政治行為與態度調查為資料分析來源，以2008與2012兩次立委選舉為比較個案，嘗試釐清影響原住民選民投票參與的關鍵因素。研究結果顯示，政黨認同與政治賦權是影響原住民投票參與意願的最重要因素。國民黨／泛藍長期宰制原住民政治，民進黨／泛綠候選人勝選機率極低，使得其支持者去投票的效益極低，因而傾向不去投票。因此原住民選舉政治的變異性提升，將有助於提高原住民的投票參與程度，進而強化政府統治的正當性與維繫民主品質。其次，政治賦權現象確實反映在原住民選民投票參與行為上。但政治賦權對投票參與的影響程度會受到合併選舉與否的干擾。當合併總統選舉投票時，政黨為求勝選而全面性動員時，會提高整體投票率，但同時稀釋政治賦權的影響。

Voting participation is vital to legitimacy of government and quality of democracy. Therefore, through studying the factors which influence voting participation, we may have a better understanding about legitimacy of government and quality of democracy. However, for a long time indigenous people have a lower turnout rate than others, which implies that indigenous people have been alienated from politics. Therefore, this study would like to clarify the factors which influence the decision-making of indigenous voting participation by using data from the 2013 Indigenous Political Behaviors and Attitudes Survey. The research results show that party identification and political empowerment are two most important factors. As the KMT has long dominates indigenous politics and the non-KMT candidates have little chance to win, non-KMT supporters incline to not to vote. Therefore, indigenous voting participation may increase if the variation of indigenous electoral politics increases. It will also legitimate government's rule over indigenous people. Furthermore, although political empowerment does have impact on indigenous voting participation, it will be interfered by election schedule. If parliamentary election is held together with presidential election, voter turnout rate will increase. However, the effect of political empowerment will be diluted.