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題名:誰是搭便車者?以霸權穩定論檢證中美外援對跨國直接投資政治風險的影響
書刊名:東吳政治學報
作者:郭建中 引用關係王國臣
作者(外文):Guo, Jiann-jongWang, Guo-chen
出版日期:2016
卷期:34:1
頁次:頁81-154
主題關鍵詞:對外援助跨國直接投資政治風險霸權穩定理論結構方程式Foreign aidHegemonic stability theoryOutward foreign direct investmentPolitical riskStructural equation modeling
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:79
  • 點閱點閱:37
本文利用霸權穩定理論,檢證與比較中美兩國外援對跨國直接投資的影響。研究方法為結構方程式,研究對象為2000-2013年145 個開發中國家與轉型國家。實證結果顯示:中美兩國外援都可充當國際投資公共財─降低跨國直接投資政治風險,且雙方都在搭對方的便車。具體而言,本文發現有六:第一,政治風險阻礙跨國直接投資,中資企業也不例外;這是過去文獻忽略之處。第二,中美兩國外援都有利於跨國直接投資。第三,排除政治改革的中國大陸外援,其對跨國直接投資的貢獻,明顯低於美國外援。第四,中國大陸外援旨在,為其企業走出去鋪路。第五,美國外援側重其國家安全。換言之,中美兩國提供國際公共財,都有其自利動機。最後,中美兩國跨國直接投資,都受惠於對方的外援;差別在於,中美雙方受惠程度不同而已。總體而言,霸權穩定理論對現今國際政經體系,具有高度的解釋力。唯本文的實證結果,可從三方面補充霸權穩定理論。第一,國際公共財的供給,並非霸權國專有權力;維繫國際政經秩序的意願,才是居中關鍵。第二,國際公共財的供給國,沒有意識型態限制,只要恪守市場經濟規範、不傷害受援國的治理品質亦可。第三,霸權國提供國際公共財,都不是純利他考量;反之皆為政治精算的結果。
We adopted the hegemonic stability theory to test the impacts of China’s and the United States’ foreign aid on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). Method of the structural equation modeling was applied to examine 145 developing countries, 2000-2013. The empirical results show both China’s and the United States’ foreign aid acted as international public goods to reduce the political risks in international investment and both simultaneously get a free ride from each other. This paper has six findings: First, political risk hinders OFDI, and Chinese companies are no exception; this was ignored by previous literature. Second, these two countries’ foreign aids are conducive to OFDI. Third, China’s foreign aid does not require political reform of the host countries, thus, its contribution to OFDI was significantly lower than the United States’ foreign aid. Fourth, the Chinese foreign aid was intended to pave the way for their enterprises to "go out". Fifth, the United States’ foreign aid is focused on its national security. These two countries both provided international public goods, and have motives of serving their own interests. Finally, the OFDI of these two countries is benefited from each side’s foreign aid; the difference is only of degree. Overall, the hegemonic stability theory has high explanatory power for the current international political and economic system. The empirical results of this paper compensate the hegemonic stability theory in three aspects. First, a supply of international public goods is not the prerogative of the hegemonic nation; the will of maintaining international order is the key. Second, a supply of international public goods by a country is not based on ideology, as long as the norms of a market economy are abided by and the quality of governance in the recipient countries is not harmed. Third, the hegemonic nation providing international public goods does not have altruistic considerations; it follows well political calculations.
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其他
1.AFP(2011)。Geithner Warns US Lawmakers Not to Slash Aid,http://www.sela.org/es/prensa/servicio-informativo/2011/03/20110304/geithner-warns-us-lawmakers-not-to-slash-aid/., 2015/11/06。  new window
2.Feng, Bree(2014)。Obama's Free Rider Comment Draws Chinese Criticism,http://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/08/13/obamas-free-rider-comment-draws-chinese-criticism/, 2015/08/13。  new window
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5.(20110825)。商務部:利比亞投資損失尚無確切統計。  延伸查詢new window
6.OPIC(2015)。Board of Directors,https://www.opic.gov/who-weare/board-of-directors, 2015/11/07。  new window
7.World Bank(2013)。New Country Classifications,http://data.worldbank.org/news/new-country-classifications, 2015/01/10。  new window
圖書論文
1.Hallward-Driemeier, Mary(2009)。Do Bilateral Investment Treaties Attract FDI? Only a Bit ...And They Could Bite。The Effect of Treaties on Foreign Direct Investment: Bilateral Investment Treaties, Double Taxation Treaties, and Investment Flows。Oxford。  new window
2.Aisbett, Emma(2009)。Bilateral Investment Treaties and Foreign Direct Investment: Correlation Versus Causation。The Effect of Treaties on Foreign Direct Investment: Bilateral Investment Treaties, Double Taxation Treaties, and Investment Flow。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
3.Neumayer, Eric、Spess, Laura(2009)。Do Bilateral Investment Treaties Increase Foreign Direct Investment to Developing Countries?。Effect of Treaties on Foreign Direct Investment: Bilateral Investment Treaties, Double Taxation Treaties, and Investment Flow。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Browne, Michael W.、Cudeck, Robert(1993)。Alternative ways of assessing model fit。Testing Structural Equation Models。Sage。  new window
5.Kaul, I.(1999)。Defining global public goods。Global public goods: International cooperation in the 21st Century。New York。  new window
 
 
 
 
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