本研究挑選文化古都臺南市為例，以複合式多準則決策模式與深度訪談，探討大眾運輸系統組合。六個評估準則為：經濟發展、成本合理、觀光旅遊、環境保育、政治氛圍、執行落實，三項替代方案為：新建地下捷運系統、新建地面輕軌系統、新建高架單軌系統，分別加上現有的公車以及臺鐵，深入探討大眾運輸系統之最佳化組合。使用決策實驗室分析法(DEMATEL)辨識評估準則的因果關係，以分析網路程序法(ANP)評估準則之權重，再以最佳化妥協解方法(VIKOR)找出大眾運輸系統之最佳化組合。在所有評估準則之影響力分析方面，以「政治氛圍」的影響力最大，「執行落實」為影響力的起點，「政治氛圍」權重值最高。「地面輕軌與現有台鐵、公車整合」在六個評估準則都獲得最高分，也是最佳方案。然而深度訪談得知高架單軌為交通工程顧問公司與市府初步規劃方向，建議以新建「環狀輕軌、橫向高架雙向單軌」，並整合現有鐵路與公車路網，組成台南大眾運輸系統。

The current research applies hybrid MCDM (multiple criteria decision-making) model and in-depth interview to explore the feasible strategy to develop the public transportation system in Tainan city. The six selected criteria include Economic development, Reasonable cost, Tourism demand, Environmental preservation, Political climate, and Effective execution. The main purpose of this paper is to find out the best strategy from the combination of currently operating bus and Taiwan railway systems with the three focused programs, namely subway system, light rail system, and monorail system. While DEMATEL is adopted to identify the causalities among selected criteria, ANP technique is applied to evaluate the criteria’s weights and VIKOR is then used to select the best transport mode. The results indicate that Political climate dominates the decision making process and weights the greatest, while Effective execution places as the original cause. The best strategy based on the quantitative research is to combine bus, railway system and light rail. Besides, in the in-depth interview, the experts suggest to build circle light rail and sidelong monorails to enhance the public transportation system, along with bus and railway.