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題名：影響生涯發展取向和生涯決策的自我變項與家庭因素之探討
書刊名：初等教育學報
作者：陳麗娟
出版日期：1993
卷期：6
頁次：頁33-116
主題關鍵詞：生涯決策；生涯發展；自我變項；家庭因素
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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本研究旨在分析我因素業師院生生涯發展取向與生涯決策等變項的預測情形，並探討家庭因素中親子關係和社經地位對各依變項的影響。經以「生涯發展取向量表」、「職業決策量表」、「職業認定量表」、「自尊量表」、「青少年統合危機量表」為工具，抽取480名師院生為樣本進行施測。主要的發現如下: 一、 有關自我因素對生涯發展取向的預測分析 第一， 就職業評估的預測分析而言，不論男生或女生，均以自主定向的相對預測力最佳，約可解釋職業評估變異量的46%。 第二， 就自我評估的預測分析來看，男生以自我統整最能有效預測其在職業方面之自我評估，解釋量佔56.34%;女生則以自尊的相對預測力最佳，解釋量約為64.38%，因性別之不同，預測變項之預測力亦有差異。 第三， 對自我投入的預測，男生和女生均以自主定向為最先進入迴歸模式的變項，其解釋力在男生為24.31%;女生為20.88%。 第四， 就師院生對未來職業看法之預測而言，男生以自我統整為最佳之預測變項，女生則以自尊的預測效果最佳，各為36%和39.58%的解釋量。 第五， 整體而言，以自我統整對生涯發展取向的預測效果最佳，解釋量在56.58%-57.64%之間。 二、 有關自我因素對生涯決策的預測分析 第一，就生涯不確定的預測分析來看，不論男生或女生，均以自主定向的預測效果最佳，解釋力在34.72%-39.36%之間。 第二，對職業認定的預測，因性別之不同，預測變項的相對重要性亦有別。男生以自我統整最能預測其職業認定;女生以自主定向的預測效果最佳。其解釋量均為28%左右。 第三，就生涯決策中的動機與傾向、自信心、職業認識、自我了解等效標變項的預測分析而言，不論男生或女生，均以自我統整的相對預測力最高，其結果頗為一致。 第四，整體而言，男女生皆以自我統整對生涯決的預測效果最佳，自我統整可以有效解釋男女生生涯決策變異量的43.66%-45.369%。 歸納上述的預測分析以似乎反映出以Erikson(1968)自我統整之概念比Super (1957)的自我概念的論點更能解釋師院生的生涯發展取向和生涯決策。 三、有關親子關係和社經地位對生涯發展取向的影響 第一，就男生而言，除自我投入此一變項儺受親子關係的影響外，其餘各生涯發展取向變項如職業評估、自我評估、對未來職業看法、以及總分，均受親子關係和社經地位的交互作用之影響。大抵而言，親子關係不良組中以高社經地位學生的生涯發展優於中、低社經地位學生;親子關係良好組則無社經地位之差異。此外，在中、低社經地位學生中，以親子關係良好組之生涯發展優於關係不良組;而高社經地位學生之生涯發展則不因親子關係之不同而有差異。 第二，女生的結果與男生情形不一致，僅職業評估係受親子關係和社經地位的交互影響外，其餘各生涯發展取向變項，本研究發現僅親子關係有顯著影響，社經地位的影響則不顯著。 四、有關親子關係和社經地位對生涯決策的影響 第一，本研究發現親子關係對男生的生涯不確定、動機與傾向、自我了解等有顯著影響;而職業認定、自信心、生涯決策總分則受親子關係和社經地位兩因素的交互作用之影響。 第二，親子關係對女生的職業認定、動機與傾向、生涯決策總分有顯著影響;而生涯不確定則受親子關係和社經地位交互作用之影響;至於其他變項則無顯著影響，不予贅述。 最後根據本研究之結果，提出幾點建議，做為生涯輔導及未來研究上之參考。
Studied the influence of selected psychological and family variable on career orientation and career decicion-making of 230 male and 250 female teachers college students. The data were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis and 2×3 ANOVA analysis. The main findings were as follows: (a) The results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that the independent variables of self-esteem, ego-identity, identity achievement made unique contributions to prediction of career development variables. (b) Results from a 2×3 two-way ANOVA indicated that parent-child relationship and socioeconomic status had a significant influence on students’ career development. Implications of the findings for educators are discussed.
期刊論文
1.Nevill, Dorothy D.、Super, Donald E.(1988)。Career maturity and commitment to work in university students。Journal of Vocational Behavior，32(2)，139-151。  new window
2.林幸台(19760400)。影響國中學生職業選擇態度的家庭因素--職業發展歷程研究。教育學院學報，1，79-108。  延伸查詢new window
3.Holland, John L.、Gottfredson, Denise C.、Power, Paul G.(1980)。Some Diagnostic Scales For Research in Decision Making and Personality: Identity, Information, and Barriers。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，39(6)，1191-1200。  new window
4.Jones, L. K.(1989)。Measuring a three-dimensional construct of career indecision among college students: A revision of the vocational decision scale: the career decision profile。Journal of Counseling Psychology，36(4)，477-486。  new window
5.Khan, S. B.、Alvi, S. A.(1983)。Educational, social and psychological correlates of vocational maturity。Journal of Vocational Behavior，22(3)，357-364。  new window
6.Pound, R. E.(1978)。Using Self-Concept. Subscales in Predicting. Career Maturity for Race and Sex Subgroups。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，27(1)，61-70。  new window
7.Holland, J. L.、Holland, J. E.(1977)。Vocational indecision: More evidence and speculation。Journal of counseling psychology，24(5)，401-414。  new window
8.Bennion, L. D.、Adams, G. R.(1986)。A revision of the extended version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status: An identity instrument for use with late adolescents。Journal of Adolescent Research，1，183-198。  new window
9.Blustein, D. L.、Devenis, L. E.、Kidney, B. A.(1989)。Relationship between the identity formation process and career development。Journal of Counseling Psychology，36(2)，196-202。  new window
10.Saltoun, J.(1980)。Fear of Failure in Career Development。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，29(1)，35-41。  new window
11.Robbins, S. B.(1987)。Predicting change in career indecision from a self-psychology perspective。The Career Development Quarterly，35(4)，288-296。  new window
12.陳麗娟(19810800)。職業成熟發展與自我觀念的關係。輔導月刊，17(9/10)，16-20。  延伸查詢new window
13.Barrett, T. C.、Tinsley, H. E. A.(1977)。Vocational self-concept crystallization & vocational in decision。Journal of Counseling Psychology，24，301-307。  new window
14.Blustein, D. L.、Phillips, S. D.(1990)。Relationship between ego identity statuses and decision-making styles。Journal of Counseling Psychology，37，160-168。  new window
15.Bourne, E.(1978)。The state of research on ego identity: A review and appraisal。Journal of Youth and Adolescence，7，223-251。  new window
16.Crook, R. H.、Healy, C. C.、O'Shea, D. W.(1984)。The linkage of work achievement to self-esteem, career maturity, and college achievement。Journal of Vocational Behavior，25(1)，70-79。  new window
17.Crowne, D. P.、Stephens, M. W.(1961)。Self-acceptance and self-evaluative behavior: A critique of methodology。Psychological Bulletin，58，104-121。  new window
18.Dillard, J. M.、Perrin, D. W.(1980)。Puerto Rican, Black and Anglo adolescent's career aspirations, expectations and maturity。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，28，313-321。  new window
19.Fuqua, D. R.、Hartmar, B. W.(1983)。A behavior index of career indecision for college students。Journal of College Student Personnel，24，507-512。  new window
20.Grotevant, H. D.、Thorbecke, W. L.(1982)。Sex differences in styles of occupational identity formation in late adolescence。Developmental Psychology，18，396-405。  new window
21.Gordon, V. N.(1981)。The Undecided Student: A Developmental Perspective。Personnel and Guidance Journal，59(7)，433-439。  new window
22.Haase, R. F.、Waechter, D. M.、Solomon, G. S.(1982)。How significant is a significant difference: Average effect size of research in counseling psychology。Journal of Counseling Psychology，29，58-65。  new window
23.Hartman, B. W.、Fuqua, D. R.、Hartman, P. T.(1983)。The construct validity of the career decision scale administed to high school students。The Vocational Guidance Quarterly，32，250-258。  new window
24.Holland, M.(1981)。Relationships between vocational development and self-concept in 6th grade students。Journal of Vocational Behavior，18，228-236。  new window
25.Karayanni, M.(1981)。Career maturity of emotionally maladjusted high school students。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，29，213-220。  new window
26.Kenny, M. E.(1990)。College seniors' perceptions of parental attachments: The value and ability of family ties。Journal of College Student Development，31，39-46。  new window
27.Kishor, N.(1981)。The effect of self-esteem and locus of control in career decision-making of adolescences in Fuji。Journal of Vocational Behavior，19，227-232。  new window
28.Korman, A. K.(1969)。Self-esteem as a moderator in vocational choice: Replication & extensions。Journal of Applied Psychology，53，188-192。  new window
29.Larkin, L.(1987)。Identity and fear of success。Journal of Counseling Psychology，34，38-45。  new window
30.Marcia, J. E.(1966)。Development and validation of ego identity statns。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，3，551-558。  new window
31.McNair, D.、Brown, D.(1983)。Predicting the occupational aspirations, occupational expectations, and career maturity of black and white male and female loth graders。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，32，29-36。  new window
32.Miller, M.(1982)。Interest pattern structure and personality characteristics of clients who seek career information。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，32，28-35。  new window
33.Munley, P. H.(1975)。Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and vocational behavior。Journal of Counseling Psychology，22，314-319。  new window
34.Neimeyer, G. H.、Metzler, A. E.(1987)。The development of vocational structures。Journal of Vocational Behavior，30，26-32。  new window
35.Orlofsky, J. L.(1978)。The relationship between intimacy status and antecedent personality components。Adolescence，13，419-441。  new window
36.Putnam, B. A.、Hosie, T. W.、Hansen, J. C.(1978)。Sex Differences in Self-Concept Variables and Vocational Attitude Maturity of Adolescents。Journal of Experimental Psychology，47(1)，23-27。  new window
37.Roe, A.(1957)。Early deteminants of vocational choice。Journal of Counseling Psychology，4，212-217。  new window
38.Savickas, M. L.(1985)。Identity in vocational development。Journal of Vocational Behavior，27(3)，329-337。  new window
39.Tan, A. L.、Kendis, R. J.、Fine, J. T.、Porac, J.(1977)。A short measure of Eriksonian ego identity。Journal of Personality Assessment，41，279-284。  new window
40.Waterman, C. K.、Waterman, A. S.(1974)。Ego identity status and decision styles。Journal of Youth and Adolescence，3，1-6。  new window
41.Watson, M. B.、Van Aarde, J. A.(1986)。Attitudinal career maturity of South African colored high school pupils。Journal of Vocational Behavior，29，7-16。  new window
42.陳麗娟(19830600)。影響學生職業成熟的父母因素之預測研究。輔導學報，6，195-224。new window  延伸查詢new window
43.陳麗娟(19921000)。新制師院生職業認定和生涯成熟的輔導效果研究及其關因素之探討。初等教育學報，5，123-178。new window  延伸查詢new window
44.陳英豪(19920700)。新制師院生教學態度及其相關因素之研究。臺南師院學報，25，1-28。new window  延伸查詢new window
45.Korman, A. K.(1966)。Self-esteem variable in vocational choice。Journal of Applied Psychology，50(6)，479-486。  new window
46.陳李綢(19831200)。大專男女生自我統整程度與職業選擇､學習滿意度及父母養育方式之比較研究。教育心理學報，16，89-98。new window  延伸查詢new window
47.金樹人、林清山、田秀蘭(19890500)。我國大專學生生涯發展定向之研究。教育心理學報，22，167-190。new window  延伸查詢new window
48.陳麗娟(19870300)。焦慮、內外控信念對大學生職業成熟及職業取向的影響。輔導學報，10，1-41。new window  延伸查詢new window
49.陳麗娟(19830600)。家庭社經地位､排行､家庭大小與國中學生職業成熟的關係。教育學院學報，8，93-112。  延伸查詢new window
50.Erikson, Erik H.(1956)。The Problem of Ego Identity。Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association，4(1)，56-121。  new window
51.Waterman, Alan S.、Waterman, Caroline K.(1971)。A longitudinal study of changes in ego identity status during the freshman year at college。Developmental Psychology，5(1)，167-173。  new window
會議論文
1.Lee, C. C.、Hallander, E. K.、Krupsaw, M.(1986)。Predicting the career choice attitude of high school students with interest and ablility in Science and mathematics。The Annual Convention of the Ameican Psychalogial association。Washington, D. C.。  new window
2.O'Brien, M. T.(1988)。Identity disorder and career counseling theory: Recommendations for conceptualization。The Annual National Conference on Student Development。Storrs, CT。  new window
3.Winterowd, C. L.、Krieshok, T. S.(1989)。Antecedents of low vocational identity in college students。The Annual Meeting of the American Psycholigial Association。New Orleans, LA。  new window
學位論文
1.Melgosa, J.(1985)。Occupational identity assessment among middle and late adolescents(博士論文)。Andrews University。  new window
2.林秀玲(1990)。五專生的自我發展與職業認定類型之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳麗娟(1982)。中學生職業成熟發展之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.黃淑芬(1982)。大學生自我統整與職業成熟及自我確認的關係(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.林淑玟(1989)。職訓機構內肢體障礙者自我觀念系統與生涯成熟的關聯及其影響因素之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.施俊文(1986)。七十二年我國專科以上學校畢業生就業狀況調查報告。台北：行政院青年輔導委員會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Crites, J. O.(1978)。Theory and research handbook for the Career Maturity Inventory。Monterey, CA：CTB/McGraw-Hill。  new window
3.Jordaan, J. P.、Heyde, M. B.、Super, Donald(1979)。Vocational maturity during the high school years。New York：Teachers College Press。  new window
4.Gribbons, W. D.、Lohnes, P. R.(1982)。Careers in theory and experience: A twenty-year longitudinal study。Albany：State University of New York Press。  new window
5.Osipow, S. H.(1983)。Theories of career development。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey：Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
6.Super, D. E.(1957)。The psychology of careers。New York, NY：Harper & Row。  new window
7.Erikson, Erik Homburger(1968)。Identity: Youth and crisis。W. W. Norton & Company。  new window
其他
1.Coleman, V. D.(1980)。The self-esteem and vocational maturity of females。  new window
2.Perer, C. A.(1980)。Vocational maturity and self-esteem in Puerto Rican Youth。  new window
圖書論文
1.Marcia, James E.(1980)。Identity in adolescence。Handbook of adolescent psychology。John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
2.Super, D. E.(1984)。Career and life development。Career choice and development: Applying contemporary theories to practice。San Francisc：Jossey-Bass。  new window
 
 
 
 
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