參考文獻
中文部份
Christensen, C.M. and M.E. Raynor著,李田樹、李芳齡譯(2003),創新者的解答,台北:天下雜誌,天下財經系列;51。
Kotler, P. G. 著,方世榮譯(2002),行銷學原理,台北:東華書局。
Robbons, S.P. 著,林財丁、林瑞發編譯(1998),組織行為,第五版,台中:滄海書局。
工研院(1997),1998汽、機、自行車工業現況及趨勢分析,新竹:工
研院。
工研院(1999),1999汽、機、自行車產業現況與趨勢分析,新竹:工研院。
工研院(2003),2003汽、機、自行車產業年鑑,新竹:工研院。
江仲琦(2003),戴爾要抓住廣達、鴻海的獲利?強勢主導筆記型電腦零組件供應鏈,商業週刊,838期。
江迥聰(1980),台灣區自行車工業之技術輔導,工業技術,第77期,頁38-41。
谷蒲孝雄(1992),台灣的工業化:國際加工基地的形成,人間台灣政治經濟叢刊第四卷,台北:人間出版社。
杜文謙、廖淑玲(1993),自行車及零組件業發展策略研究報告,台灣經濟研究院,工業局委託,台灣產業經濟長期研究第二期第一年度研究計畫。
李仁芳(1997),聚智分金:台灣企業技術網路建構之探討,第六屆產業管理研討會,台中:東海大學。
李仁芳、蘇錦夥(1998),從合作生產到合作創新:台灣產業網路管理
之回顧與前瞻,第七屆產業管理研討會,台北:政治大學科管所。
吳宗麟(1995),從夕陽到絢爛—自行車工業技術移轉經驗,工業材料,102期,頁55-96。
吳思華(1996),策略九說:策略思考的本質,初版一刷,台北:麥田出版社吳惠林、周添城(1987),台灣中小企業的回顧與前瞻,中小企業文選,台北:經濟部中小企業處。
政治大學科技管理研究所(1998),工研院對產業之貢獻—以自行車產業為例,工業技術研究院案例研究計劃,新竹:工研院
紀錦玲(2004),貿協招商 不意引來鴻海勁敵 郭台銘動怒,中央社,2004年2月6日報導。
高承恕(1994),台灣中小企業的社會生活基礎,第一屆中小企業學術研討會論文集,台北:中華經濟研究院。
施振榮(1996),再造宏�痋A台北:天下文化。
高希均、林祖嘉、林文玲、許彩雪(1995),台商經驗:投資大陸的現場報導,台北:天下文化。
康涵真(1994),關係運作與法律的邊緣化:台灣中小型企業非正式融資活動的研究,台灣社會研究季刊,第十七期,頁1-40。徐宏昇(1995),ODM契約的問題,Run PC,第十九期,頁50-51。
徐聯恩、曾成樺(1998),全球企業成長與策略:以巨大捷安特為例,中山管理評論,6(2),頁461-480。陳介玄(1994),協力網路與生活結構:台灣中小企業的社會經濟分析,台北:聯經出版公司。張維娟(1998),台灣自行車工業之現況與展望(上),中國商銀月刊,1998年6月,頁24-38。
張維娟(1998),台灣自行車工業之現況與展望(下),中國商銀月刊,1998年7月,頁44-61。
趙蕙玲(1995),協力網路資源交換結構之特質:經濟資源交換的社會網路化,中國社會學刊,卷18,頁75-115.
黃延平(1998),自行車工業技術現況與發展,調查與技術,124期,頁47-59。
黃惠娟(199),筆記型電腦代工利潤趨薄:以自有品牌平衡風險,遠見,62期,頁142-146。
劉水深1981),產品規劃與策略運用,作者自印,民國70年。
劉玉珍(1996),台灣捷安特「衝」進國際品牌的故事,中國時報 第十八版,1996年12月5~12日。
謝國雄(1991),網路式生產組織:台灣外銷工業中的外包制度,中央研究院民族學研究所集刊,卷71,頁161-182。
游常山(1991),皇冠下的日本陰影—自行車世界第一?,天下雜誌,124期,1991年9月。
楊文螢(1999),兩岸自行車產業現況與互動專題研究,新竹:工研院機械研究所。
瞿宛文(1993),成長的因素:台灣自行車產業的研究,台灣社會研究季刊,第十五期,頁95-92。瞿宛文、李佳靜(1999),成長與產業組織:台灣與南韓自行車業之比較研究。台灣社會研究季刊,第35期,頁48-73。瞿宛文、安士敦著,朱道凱譯(2003),超越後進發展:台灣的產業升級策略,台北:聯經出版社。
戴肇洋、李小娟(1989),自行車及零組件業發展策略研究報告,台灣經濟研究所,工業局委託,台灣產業經濟長期研究第二年度研究計畫。
台灣區自行車輸出業同業公會2000年名錄。台北:台灣自行車輸出業同業公會。
台灣區自行車輸出業同業網站,http://www.tbea.org.tw,
輪彥自行車資訊網,http://www.wheelgiant.com.tw。
輪彥中文自行車電子報,http://www.wheelgiant.com.tw。
National Bicycle Dealer Association(NBDA)網站,http:// www.nbda.com。
英文部份
Adler, P. 1989. Technology Strategy : A Guide to the Literatures, In R. Rosenbloom and R. Burgelman( Eds.), Research on Technological Innovation, Management, Policy, Vol.4: 25-151. JAI Press, Greenwich.
Allen, E.G. 1966. Study of the Problem-Solving Process in Engineering Design, “ IEEE Transactions on Engineering Manufacturing, June.
Allen, T. J. 1971. Communications, Technology Transfer, and the Role of Technical Gatekeeoper. R&D Management, 1:14-21.
Allen, T. J. 1977. Managing the flow of technology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Amsden, A.H. 1989. Asian’s Next Giant L: South Korea and Late Industrialization. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ancona, D. G., & Caldwell, D. F. 1990. Beyond boundary spanning: Managing external dependence in product development teams. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 1: 119-135.
Ancona, D. G., & Caldwell, D. F. 1992a. Demography and design: Predictors of new product team performance. Organization Science, 3: 321-341.
Ancona, D. G., & Caldwell, D. F. 1992b. Bridging the boundary: External process and performance in organizational teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37: 634-665.
Arora, A., & Grambardella, A. 1994. A Dynamic Model of Process and Product Innovation. Omega, 3:639-656.
Arora, A., A. Grambardella & Rullani. E. 1998. Division of Labor and the Locus of Inventive Activity. Journal Management and Governance, l(1): 1-19.
Baldwin, C. & Clark, K.B. 1997. Managing in the Age of Modularity. Harvard Business Review, 75 (5): 84-93
Beeley, S. 1992. A History of Bicycles: From Hobby Horse to Mountain Bike. London: Studio Editions.
Becker, S. W. & Whisler, T.L. 1967. The Innovation Organization: A Selective View of Current Theory and Research. The Jouranl of Business, 40 (4):462-469.
Best, M.H. 1990. The N`ew Competition: Institutions of Industrial Restructuring. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Brain. (2002, May 17), The IBD Faces A Crisis, Says Yoshi Shimano. Bicycle Retailer and Industry News, Retrieved May 18, 2004, from http://www.bicycleretailer.com
Brown, S. L. & Eisendardt, K. M. 1995. Product Development : Past Research, Present Findings and Future Directions. Academy of Management Review, 20(2): 343-378.
Calantone, R.J. & Benedetto, di C.A. 1988. An Integrative Model of the New Product Development Process: An Empirical Validation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, Sep: 201-215.
Chandler, A. 1977. The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business, Cambridge, MA: Belknap/Harvard University Press. -
Chandler, A.D., Jr. 1990. Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Cheng, L.L. 1998. Wheeling the Bicycle Up: Firms, OEM, and Chained Networks in the Development of Taiwan’s Bicycle Industry. In Cheng, L.L. and Sato, Y (eds), The Bicycle Industries in Taiwan and Japan: A Preliminary Study Toward Comparison Between Taiwanese and Japanese Industrial Development, Joint Research Program Series No.124: 5-34. Tokyo: Institute of Development Economies.
Chesbrough, H.W. & Teece, D.J. 1996. When is Virtual Virtuous?Organizing for Innovation. Harvard Business Review, 74(1): 65-73.
Chesbrough, H.W. & Teece, D.J. 2002. Organizing for Innovation: When is Virtual Virtuous?. Harvard Business Review, 80(8):127-135.
Christensen, C.M., & Raynor, M.E. 2003. The Innovator’s Solution: Creating and Suctaining Successful Growth. Harvard Business School Press.
Clark, K.B. 1985. The Interaction of Design Hierarchies, and Market Concepts in Technological Evolution. Research Policy, Vol.14, pp.235-251.
Morris, C. R., & Ferguson, C. H. 1993. How Architecture Wins Technology Wars. Harvard Business Review, Mar-Apr: 86-96.
Clark, K. B., Chew, W. B., & Fujimoto, T. 1987. Ploduct development in the world auto industry. Broongs Papels on Economic Actity, 3: 729-781.
Clark, K. & Fujimoto, T. 1991. Product Development Performance. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Clark, K. & Wheelwright, S.C. 1993. Managing New Product and Process Development. New York: Free Press.
Cooper, R.G. 1979. The Dimensions of Industrial of Industrial New Product Success and Failure. Journal of Marketing, 43 (3): 93-103.
Cooper, R.G. 1983. The New Product Process: An Empirical Based Classification Scheme. R&D Management, 30 (1):1-13.
Cooper, R.G. 1994. Perspective: Third-Generation New Product Process. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11(1): 3 –15.
Cooper, R.G. 1996. Overhauling The New Product Process. Industrial Marketing Management, 25 (Dec): 465-482.
Cooper, R. G. & Kleinschmidt, E. J. 1987. New Products: What Separates Winners from Loosers? Journal of Product Innovation Management, .4:169-184.
Cooper, R.G. & Kleinschmidt, E. J. 1993. Major New Products: What Distinguishes the Winners in the Chemical Industry? Journal of Product Innovation Management, 10(2): 90-111.
Cooper, R.G. & Kleinschmidt, E. J. 1995. Benchmarking Firm’s New Product Performance and Practice. Engineering Management Review, .23 (Fall): 112-120.
Craig, A. & Hart, S. 1992. Where to Now in New Product Development Research? European Journal of Marketing, 26 (11): 1-49.
Crown, J. & Coleman, G. 1996. No Hands: The Rise and Fall of the Schwinn Bicycle Company, An American Institution, New York: Henry Holt and Company.
Delong, G. 1974. Delong’s Guide to Bicycles and Bicycling. The Art and Science. Radnor, PA: Chilton Book Company.
Dougherty, D. 1990. Understanding new markets for new products. Strategic Mangement Journal, 11: 59-78.
Dougherty, D. 1992. Interpretive barriers to successful product innovation in large firms. Organization Science, 3: 179-202.
Egan, M.L. & Mody, A. 1992. Buyer-Seller Links in Export Development. World Development, 20 (3): 321-334.
Eisenhardt, K. M. & Tabrizi, B. N. 1995. Accelerating Adaptive Process: Product Innovation in the Global Computer Industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(1): 84-110.
Ernst, D. 2000. Inter-Organizational Knowledge Outsourcing: What Permits Small Taiwan Firms to Compete in the Computer Industry? Asian Pacific Journal of Management, 17: 223-255.
Fine, C. 1998. Clarkspeed--Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage. New York: Perseus Bools.
Florida, R. & Kenny, 1990. Silicon Valley and Route 128 won’t Save Us. California Management Review, Fall, 68-88.
Galunic, D.C., & Eisenhardt, K.M. 2001. Architectural Innovation and Modular Corporate Forms. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6):1229-1249.
Galvin, P. 1999. Product Modularity: Information Structures and the diffusion if Innovation. International Journal of Tchnology Management, 17(5): 467-479.
Galvin, P. & Morkel, A. 2001. The Effect of Product Modularity on Industry Structure: The Case of the World Bicycle Industry. Industry and Innovation, 8 (1): 31-47.
Garud, R. & Kumaraswamy, A. 1993. Changing Competitive Dynamics in Network Industries. Strategic Management Journal, 14 (5):351-369.
Gereffi, G. 1994. The Organization of Buyer-Driven Global Commodity Chain: How U.S. Retailers Shape Overseas Production Networks. In Gary Gereffi and Miguel Korzeniewicz(Eds), Commodity Chain and Global Capitalism : 95-122, London: Praeger.
Gereffi, G. 1995. Contending Paradigms for Cross Regional Comparison: Development Strategies and Commodity Chains in East Asia and Latin American. In Peter H. Bouder(Ed.), Latin America in Comparative Perspective: New Approaches to Metnod and Analysis : 33-58. CO: Westview Press.
Gereffi,G. 1999. International Trade and Industrial Upgrading in the Apparel Commodity Chain. Journal of Inernational Economics, 48: 37-70.
Gupta, A. K. & Wileman, D. L. 1990. Accelerating the Development of Technology-Based New Products. California Management Review, 32(2): 22-44.
Hart, S.J. & Baker, M.J. 1994. The Multiple Convergent Process Model of New Product Development. International Marketing Review, 11 (1): 77-92.
Hayes, R. H., Wheelwright, S. C., & Clark, K. 1988. Dynamic manufacturing. New York: Free Press.
Henderson, R. & Clark, K.B. 1990. Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and The Failure of Established Firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 9-30.
Hise, R. T., O''Neal, L., Parasuraman, A., & McNeal, J. U. 1990. Marketing/R&D interaction in new product development: Implications for new product success rates. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 7: 142-155.
Hobday, M. .1995. Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan. Aldershot, UK: Edward Elgar.
Hounshell, D.A. 1984. From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932. Baltimore, MD: Johm Hopkins University Press.
Huang, X., Soutar, G.N., & Brown, N. 2002. New Product Development Process in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Som Australian Evidence. Journal of Small Business Management, 40 (1): 27-42.
Hymer, S. 1976. The International Operations of National Firms: A Study of Foreign Direct Investment. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Iansiti, M. 1992. Science-based product development: An empirical study of the mainframe computer industry. Working paper, Harvard Business School. Cambridge. MA.
Iansiti, M. 1993. Real-world R&D: Jumping the product generation gap. Harvard Business Review, 71(3): 138-147.
Imai, K., Ikujiro, N., & Takeuchi, H. 1985. Managing the New Product Development Process: How Japanese Companies Learn and Unlearn. In R. H Hayes, K. Clark and Lorenz (Eds.), The Uneasy Alliance: Managing the Productivity -Technology Dilemma : 337-375. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Katz, R. 1982. The effects of group longevity on project communication and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly. 27: 81-104.
Katz, R., & Allen. T. J. 1985. Project performance and the locus of influence in the R&D matrix. Academy of Management Journal 28: 67-87.
Katz, R., & Tushman, M. L. 1981. An investigation into ths managerial roles and career paths of gatekeepers and project supervisors in a major R&D facility. R&D Management. 11: 103-110.
Keller, R. T. 1986. Predictors of the performance of project groups in R&D organizations. Academy of Management Journal. 29: 715-726.
Kogut, B. & Bowman, E.H. 1995. Modularity and Permeability as Principles of Design. In E.H. Bowman and B.Kogut(eds.), Redesign The Firm : 243-260. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kogut, B. & Kulatilaka, N. 1994. Operating Flexibility, Global Manufacturing, and The Option Value of a Multinational Network. Management Science, 40(1): 123-139.
Kuczmarski, T.D. 1992. Management New Product: The Power of Innovation, 2nd Eds. N.J. : Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs.
Langlois R.N. & Robertson, P.L. 1992. Networks and Innovation in a modular system: Lessons from the microcomputer and component industries. Research Policy, 21:297-313.
Langlois R.N. & Robertson, P.L. 1995. Innovation, Networks, and Integration. Research Policy, 24: 543-562.
Langlois, R. N. 2002. Modularity in Technology and Organization. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, .49: 19-37.
Lazonick, W. 1990. Competitive Advantage on the Shop Floor. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Lazonic, W. 1991. Business Organization and the Myth of Market Economy. Cambridge Universty Press.
Lester, R. K., Piore, M.J., & Malek, K. M. 1998. Interpretive Management. Harvard Business Review, 76(2): 86-97.
Magnusson T., Lindstrom, G., & Berggren, C. 2003. Architectural or Modular Innovation? Managing Discontinuous Product Development in Response to Challenging Environmental Performance Targets. International Journal of Innovational Journal, 7(1): 1-26.
Maidique, M. A., & Zirger, B. J. 1984. A study of success and failure in product innovation: The case of the U.S. electronics industry. IEEE Transactions in Engineering Management. 4: 192-203.
Maidique, M. A., & Zirger, B. J. 1985. The new product learning cycle. Researrh Policy, 14: 299-313.
McNichols, T.J. 1972. The Raleigh Industries. In Policy Making and Executive Action: Cases on Business Policy. NEW YORK.: MacGraw-Hill.
Miles, R.E., & Snow, C.C. 1992. Causes of Failure in Network Organizations. California Management Review, 34(4): 53-73.
Montoya-Weiss, M.M., & Calantone, R. 1994. Determinants of New Product Performance: A Review of and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Product and Innovation Management, 11(Nov): 397-417.
Myers, S., & Marquis, D. G. 1969. Successful industrial innovations. (NSF 69-17). Washington. DC: National Science Foundation.
Nelson, R., & Winter, S. 1982. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, Cambridge, England: Belknap Press.
Nishiguchi, T. 1994. Strategic Industrial Outsourcing: The Japanese Advantage. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Nonaka, I. 1990. Redundant, Overlapping Organization: A Japanese Approach to Managing the Innovation Process. California Management Review, 32(3): 27-38.
Nooteboom, B. 1994. Innovation and Difusion in Small Firms. Small Buiness Economics, 6: 327-347.
Orton, J.D., & Weick, K.E. 1990. Loosely Coupled Systems. Academy of Management Review, 15 (2): 203-223.
Petty, R.D. 1995. Peddling The Bicycle in 1990s: Mass Marketing Shifts into High Gear. Journal of Macromarketing, 15(1): 32-46.
Piore, M.J., & Sabel, C.F. 1984. The Second Industrial Divide: Possibility for Prosperity, NewYork: Basic Books.
Poon Shuk-Ching T. 2002. ompetition and Cooperation in Taiwan’s Information Technology Industry: Inter-Firm Networks and Industrial Upgrading. London: Quorum Books.
Porter, M. 1985. Competitive Strategy. New York: Free Press.
Porter, M. 1990. The Competitive Advantages of Nations. New York: Free Press.
Quinn, J. B. 1985. Managing innovation: Controlled chaos. Harvard Business Review. 63(3): 73-84.
Radner, R. 1992. Hierarchy: The Economics of Management. Journal of Economic Literature, 30: 1382-1485
Ritchie, A. 1975. King of the Road: An Illustrated History of Cycling. London: Wildwood House.
Rothwell, R. 1985. Innovation and The Small Firm. First International Technical Innovation Entripreneurship Symposium. , Utah Innovation Foundation, Salt Lake City.
Rothwell, R. 1989. Small Firms Innovation and Industrial Change. Small Business Economics. 1: 51-64.
100.Rothwell, R. 1972. Fcrctors for success in industrial innovations from project SAPPHO--A comparative study of success and failure in industrial innovation. Brighton. Sussex. England: S.P.R.U.
Rothwell, R. & Dodgson, M. 1994. Inovation and Siz of Firm. In Dodgson, M. & Rothwell, R., The Handbook of Industrial Innovation. Aldershot Hants: Edward Elgar.
Rothwell, R., Freeman, C., Horsley, A., Jervis, V. T. P., Robertson, A., & Townsend. J. 1974. SAPPHO updated--Project Sappho phase II. Research Policy. 3: 258-291.
Rubenstein, A. H., Chakrabarti, A. K., O''Keefe, R. D., Souder, W. E., & Young, H. C. 1976. Factors influencing success at the project level. Reserch Management. 16: 15-20.
Sabel, C.F. 1989. Flexible Specialization and Re-emergence of Regional Economies. In Paul Hurst and Jonathon Zeitlin, (eds.), Revising Industrial Dcline? Industrial Structure and Policy in Britain and Her Competitors: 17-70. Berg: Oxford.
Sabel, C.F., & Zeitlin, J. 1985. Historical Alternatives to Mass Production: Politics, Markets, and Technology, Nine-Teenth-Century Inductrialization. Past and Present, 108: 133-176.
Sabel, C.F., Herrigel, R.K., & Deeg, R. 1987. How to Keep Mature Industries Innovative. Technology Review 90: 26-35.
107.Sanchez, R. 1995. Strategic Flexibility in Product Competition. Strategic Management Journal, 16: 135-159.
Sanchez, R., & Mahoney, J.T. 1996. Modularity, Flexibility, and Knowledge Management in Product and Organization Design. Strategic Management Journal, 17 (Winter Special Issue): 63-76.
Sanchez, R. 2000. Product and Process Architecture in the Management of Knowledge Resources. In P.L. Robertson and N.J. Foss (eds), Resources, Technology, and Strategy: Exploration in the Resource-Based Perspective : 100-122. London Routledge.
Saren, M.A. 1984. A Classification and Review of Models of the Intra-Firm Innovation Process. R & D Management, 14(1): 113-126
Sato, Y. 1998. Large Domestic Market as Paradox: The Background of Japanese Bicycle Industry’s Decline. In Cheng, L.L. and Sato, Y (Eds), The Bicycle Industries in Taiwan and Japan: A Preliminary Study Toward Comparison Between Taiwanese and Japanese Industrial Development, Joint Research Program Series No.124: 35-65. Tokyo: Institute of Development Economies.
Schilling, M., & Steensma, H. K. 2001. The Use of Modular Organization Forms: An Industry-Level Analysis. Academy of Management Journal, 44(8): 1149- 1168.
Schon, D.A. 1967. Technology and Change. Pergamon Press.
Simon, H. 1962. The Architecture of Complexity. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 106: 467-482.
115.Stefno, B., & Prencipe, A. 2001. Unpacking the Black Box of Modularity: Technologies, Products and Organizations. Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(1): 179-192.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. 1990. Basic of Qualitative Research -Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. London: Sage Publication.
Sturgeon, T.J. 2002. Modular Production Networks: A New American Model of Industrial Organization. Industrial and Corporate Change, 11(3): 451-496.
Takeuchi, H., & Nonaka, I. 1986. The New New Product Development Game. Harvard Busines Review, 64(1): 137-146.
Teec. D.J. 1984. Economic Analysis and Strategic Management. California Management Review, 26(3): 87-110.
Teece, D. J. 1996. Firm Organization, Industrial Structure, and Technological Innovation. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 31: 93-224.
Trescott, M.M. 1976. The Bicycle: a Technical Precursor of THE Automobile. Business and Economic History, 5: 51-75.
Tushman, M.L. 1977. Special Boundary Roles in the Innovation Process. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22.
Twiss,B. 1986. Managing Technological Innovation. 3rd ED, Landon: LongmanGroup.
Urich, K. 1995. The Role of Product Architecture in Manufacturing Firm. Research Policy, 24: 419-440.
Vossen, R. 1998. Relative Strengths and Weaknesses of Small Firms in Innovation. International Small Business Journal, 16(3): 88-94.
126.Wade, R. 1990. Governing The Market: Economic Theory and The Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization. NJ: Princeton University Press.
Weick, K. E. 1976. Education Organizations as Loosely Coupled Systems. Administrative Science Quqarterly, 21: 1-19.
Wind, J., and Mahajan, V. 1997. Issues and Opportunities in New Product Development : An Introduction to the Special Issue. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1): 1-12.
129.Williamson, O. 1975. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, Relational Contracting. NEW YORK: The Free Press.
Womack, J. P., Jones, D. T., & Roos, D. 1990. The machine that changed the world. New York: HarperCollins.
Woosley, J. 1994. 777. Air Transport World, 4: 23-31.
132.Worren, N., Moore, K., & Cardona, P. 2002. Modularity, Strategic Flexibility, and Firn Performance: A Study of the Home Appliance Industry. Strategic Management Journal, 23: 1123-1140.
Yin, R.K. 1984. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Newbury Park CA: Sage.
Zirger, B. J., & Maidique, M. 1990. A Model of New Product Development: An Empirical Test. Management Science, 36: 867-883.