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題名:政策推動體制與公共組織變革之研究︰兼論臺灣行政法人化政策推動
作者:王崇斌
作者(外文):Chung-Pin Wang
校院名稱:臺灣大學
系所名稱:政治學研究所
指導教授:林水波
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:政策推動體制公共組織變革行政法人國家體系關係治理抵制變革policy promotion regimepublic organizational changeadministrative corporationstate systemrelationship governanceresistance to change
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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一、本研究強調組織變革的複雜性、困難性及重要性,視公共組織變革的啟動及執行,是外在政策相關行為者的互動關係,以及變革組織本身的內部動態互動等兩個因素,相互作用的結果。同時認為公共組織由於屬於國家體系的組成要素,因此其變革必然包括國家體系意志的形成及執行。
二、在研究目的上,在於分析公共組織變革過程中,政策推動體制的形成及運作模式;瞭解公共組織變革中,組織不同成員之間的互動動態關係;以及認定推動組織變革過程中,箱觀行為者之間的策略互動及組際關係,對於變革結果的影響。
三、在研究方法上,兼採理論架構的建立及政策個案的分析,經由理論及個案的相互對話,達到釐清概念以及提供實務上改進建議的效果。至於個案的選擇,則是以臺灣當前政府組織調整中的行政法人化政策為對象。
四、本研究首先關注國家體系對公共組織變革的影響,國家體系相對於個別的組織而言,有其相對穩定的結構及運作邏輯,其在總體層次設定政策方向及行動規則,對於公共組織具有強制型的規制權力,並透過政策設計及規劃、行政指揮管理等,展現其貫徹組織變革政策的治理能力。國家體系內部與政策合法化及執行有關的職司單位的整合性,以及其在政策設計上是否能具備邏輯合理性,是分析其在推動公共組織變革上扮演的角色的重點。
五、當組織本身尋求變革時,勢必會引發外在其他組織的關切,甚至實質介入,提供協助促進變革或企圖以實際的行動阻撓變革。而在公共組織變革的過程中,最重要且關鍵的組際關係,為面臨變革的組織與推動變革的政策權責組織之間的關係。而面臨變革的組織,試圖經由建立關係影響變革時,其建立關係策略的考量因素,包括本身在政策網絡結構中的位置是否具有核心性、本身所可動員的資源程度或可資交換的資訊的充足度、以及外在政治氣氛或發展趨勢是否存在動員關係的機會等。
六、在面對變革的組織本身的分析部分,組織本身的變革態度的形成,首先必須觀察組織對現狀的滿意程度,實際上存在對現狀的不滿,或是有效營造組織成員對現狀的不滿,是啟動組織成員對開啟變革支持的基本要件。而在整個變革過程中,組織內部動態互動,推動變革的領導及回應變革要求的基層組織成員的行為,是主要影響變革發展的力量。領導者從策略思考的高度,由上而下啟動並帶動變革的進行時,組織內部的成員,也會因為其不同的背景、立場及利害關係的變動情形,對於組織變革採取不同的偏好或態度,並且經由一定的互動過程,進行動員的行動,使其偏好及動員對於變革的結果產生一定的影響,而其中所涉及的關鍵議題,就是處理因為變革而產生的抵制態度及行為。
Public organization change occurs politically. It results from a complex social-political interactive process contain key actor such us state, related authoritative agency and changing organization itself. We explore the factors have impacts on the success of public organization change from three dimensions: the governance capability of state system, the interplay between leadership and employee resistance, and the inter-organizational relationship between related interests. We find that state system define the policy demand to specific organization. The political landscape and administrative integration form the political opportunity structure faced by changing organizations. Then, changing organizations will intend to build relationships with other agencies by its network position, resources and information to influence the demand and pressure of change. Finally, the leadership and employee interaction will push or resist the development of change.
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