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題名:立法委員選舉制度的改革與過渡--2001年立委選舉結果的省思
書刊名:中國行政評論
作者:張世熒 引用關係
作者(外文):Chang, Shih-ying
出版日期:2002
卷期:11:4
頁次:頁1-24
主題關鍵詞:單一選區兩票制複數選區單記非讓渡投票制政黨比例代表制Single-member-district & Two-ballotSingle non-transferable vote under multi-member-districtParty proportional representation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:283
  • 點閱點閱:137
我國現行的立委選制「複數選區單記非讓渡投票制」,容易造成政黨內部派系對立、同黨候選人競爭激烈、政黨認同度降低等結果,不利於政黨政治的良性發展;加以選舉過程所衍生的賄選、暴力介入選舉和競選言論偏激、候選人走偏鋒等現象層出不窮,對台灣民主政治的發展確有負面影響。因此,立委選制的改革,近年來迭受學界關注,政府主管機關、政黨及立法委員亦有類似主張,其中以朝向「單一選區兩票制」規劃較具共識。一般而言,此制可以有效抑制賄選買票風氣,並能加強政黨紀律,進而提昇立院議事品質和效率,是現階段國會改革最重要的課題。 1996年12月的「國家發展會議J '國、民兩黨達成了「單一選區兩票制」的共識,惟「兩票制」部分究採「德式並用制」或「日式並立制」,兩黨則意見分歧。2001年立委選舉結果,由於部分高民調支持度的候選人落選,讓大家再度正視現行選 制的缺失,因此,還後針對立委選制的改革,朝野政黨似乎已感受到其急迫性,也讓學術界多年來的呼籲露出曙光。本文即從立法委員選舉制度切入,比較歐、美、日各國的國會議員選舉制度,探討其利弊得失,並提出改革及過渡性建議。
Our current legislative electoral system, the single non-transferable voting system, leads to factional rivalries 、intensive intra-party competition and the lack of party identification、 which hampers the development of a sounding party system. In addition, the vote-buying 、the violence and the radical debates involved during the campaign process have indeed caused negative effects. Hence, the reform of the electoral system has raised the academic attention, and the government, parties and legislators all have brought out the consensus to work toward the mixed systems ( Plurality-PR、the so-called single-member-district and two-ballot system) . In general, this system can effectively prohibit vote-buying incidents and increase party discipline, therefore increase the quality and efficiency of the legislative process可which are the main focuses of the current Congress reform. In the National Development Conference held at December 1996, The KMT and the DPP reached the consensus of electoral changes toward " the single-member-district and two-ballots electoral system", yet no conclusion was reached on whether to adopt the German corrective system or Japanese combination system. After the 2001 legislative electoral outcomes可some of the highly ranking candidates in the poll lost the campaign, which brought up the drawbacks of the current electoral system in front of the public again. Therefore, after the election, the major parties seem to notice the urgency of the reform on the electoral system, and the voice of the academic advocates is finally heard. The paper will address the legislative electoral system. By comparing the European, the U.S', Japanese legislative electoral systems, 1 discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various electoral systems、m the hope to propose a transitional reform plan.
期刊論文
1.Boix, Carles(1999)。Setting the Rules of the Game: The Choice of Electoral Systems in Advanced Democracies。American Political Science Review,93(3),609-624。  new window
2.Cox, Gary W.(1996)。Is the Single Nontransferable Vote Superproportional? Evidence from Taiwan and Japan。American Journal of Political Science,40(3),740-755。  new window
3.Cox, Gary W.、Thies, Michael F.(199806)。The Cost of Intraparty Competition: The Single Nontranferable Vote and Money Politics in Japan。Comparative Political Studies,31(3),267-291。  new window
4.Spafford, D.(1972)。Electoral Systems and Voters' Behavior: Comment and a Further Test。Comparative Politics,5(1),129-134。  new window
5.謝復生、Niemi, Richard G.(1999)。Can Duverger's Law Be Extended to SNTV? The Case of Taiwan's Legislative Yuan Elections。Electoral Studies,18(1),101-116。  new window
6.Cox, Gary W.、Rosenbluth, Frances M.、Thies, Michael F.(1999)。Electoral Reform and the Fate of Factions: The Case of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party。British Journal of Political Science,29(1),33-56。  new window
7.楊婉瑩(20001200)。選舉制度對婦女參政影響之評估。理論與政策,14(4)=56,71-90。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Massicotte, L.、Blais, A.(1999)。Mixed Electoral Systems: A Conceptual and Empirical Survey。Electoral Studies,18(3),341-366。  new window
9.Norris, Pippa(1997)。Choosing Election System: Proportional, Majoritarian and Mixed Systems。International Political Science Review,18(3),297-312。  new window
10.張世賢、郭秋慶(19981200)。德國聯邦議會議員選舉制度之探討以1998年選舉為例。中國行政評論,8(1),1-22。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.張世熒(19970100)。臺灣政治民主化過程中議會政治的特質及轉變。中國文化大學政治學研究所學報,6,85-97。  延伸查詢new window
12.謝相慶(19991100)。日本眾議院議員新選舉制度及其政治效應--以1996年選舉為例。選舉研究,6(2),45-87。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Cox, Gary W.、Niou, Emerson M. S.(1994)。Seat Bonuses Under the Single Nontransferable Vote System: Evidence From Japan and Taiwan。Comparative Politics,26(2),221-236。  new window
14.王業立(19990600)。立委選舉制度改革之探討。理論與政策,13(2)=50,143-160。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.張世賢、黃澤銘、黃積聖(19961200)。1996年日本眾議院議員選舉之研究。中國行政評論,6(1),93-156。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.林繼文(19971200)。制度選擇如何可能:論日本之選舉制度改革。臺灣政治學刊,2,63-106。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.吳東野(19960500)。「單一選區兩票制」選舉方法之探討--德國、日本、俄羅斯選舉之實例比較。選舉研究,3(1),69-102。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.張世賢(19950600)。日本眾議院議員選舉區制改革之研究。中國行政評論,4(3),1-42。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.Wang,Yeh-lih(19960800)。The Political Consequences of the Electoral System: Single Nontransferable Voting in Taiwan。Issues & Studies,32(8),85-104。new window  new window
20.曹瑞泰(19971000)。冷戰後日本政黨政治的發展。問題與研究,36(10),27-50。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.邱榮金(19930900)。日本眾議院選舉與政黨政治。問題與研究,32(9),15-25。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.張世熒(1993)。美國總統及國會議員競選方式之研究。中國文化大學政治學研究所學報,2,111-123。  延伸查詢new window
23.陳儔美(2001)。日本第四十二屆眾議院選舉研析。問題與研究,40(5),23-38。new window  延伸查詢new window
24.Jesse, N. G.(1999)。Candidate Success in Multi-Member Districts: An Investigation of Duverger and Cox。Electoral Studies,18(3),323-340。  new window
會議論文
1.Lin, Jih-wen(1997)。The Politics of Abandoning SNTV: The East Asian Experience。The XVII World Congress, International Political Science Association,(會議日期: 1997/08/17-1997/08/21)。Seoul。  new window
2.張世熒(2001)。法國第五共和三次左右共治的法理與實際。沒有紀錄。97-112。  延伸查詢new window
3.王業立(2000)。臺灣立法委員選舉制度的政治影響。中臺港三地選舉制度和民主發展學術研討會。香港:香港珠海書院亞洲研究中心。245-262。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.謝復生(1998)。國會選舉制度之比較研究-選舉制度改革之比較研究。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.吳博群(1998)。後冷戰時期日本選舉制度改革與政黨政治之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學,臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
2.彭天豪(1999)。立法委員選舉制度改革之研究,0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Lijphart, Arend(1998)。Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries。New Haven:Yale University Press。  new window
2.田弘茂(1996)。Taiwan's Electoral Politics and Democratic Transition: Riding the Third Wave。Armonk, NY:M. E. Sharpe。  new window
3.Grofman, Bernard、Lee, Sung-chull、Winckler, Edwin A.、Woodall, Brian(1999)。Elections in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan under the Single Non-Transferable Vote: The Comparative Study of an Embedded Institution。Ann Arbor, MI:University of Michigan Press。  new window
4.Farrell, David M.(1997)。Comparing Electoral Systems。London:Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf。  new window
5.Laver, M.、Schofield, N.(1990)。Multiparty Government: The Politics of Coalition in Europe。Oxford:Oxford University Press。  new window
6.王業立(200108)。比較選舉制度。台北:五南圖書出版公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.陳義彥、黃麗秋(1992)。選舉行為與政治發展。臺北市:黎明文化事業股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
8.楊泰順(1991)。選舉。台北:永然。  延伸查詢new window
9.Ranney, Austin(1996)。Governing: An Introduction to Political Science。Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice-Hall。  new window
10.謝復生(1992)。政黨比例代表制。臺北市:理論與政策雜誌社。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.Lijphart, Arend(1984)。Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries。Yale University Press。  new window
12.Huntington, Samuel Phillips(1991)。The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century。University of Oklahoma Press。  new window
13.余明賢、林秋山、周振章(1994)。韓國選舉法規彙編。臺北:中央選舉委員會。  延伸查詢new window
14.內政部(2001)。立法委員選舉採行單一選區兩票制可行性之探討公聽會實錄。立法委員選舉採行單一選區兩票制可行性之探討公聽會實錄。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
15.秦俊鷹、潘邦順(2000)。德國政治體系。德國政治體系。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
16.張世熒(2001)。中華民國憲法與憲政。臺北市:五南圖書公司。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.內政部(2001)。立法委員選舉採行中選區兩票制可行性之探討座談會記錄,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Grofman, Bernard(1999)。SNTV: An Inventory of Theoretically Derived Propositions and a Brief Review of the Evidence from Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Alabama。Elections in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan under the Single Non- Transferable Vote: The Comparative Study of an Embedded Institution。Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press。  new window
2.Shugart, Matthew Soberg、Wattenberg, Martin P.(2001)。Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: A Definition and Typology。Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds?。Oxford University Press。  new window
3.Duverger, Maurice(1986)。Duverger's Law: Forty Years Later。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York:Agathon Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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